Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS 1 / JS1)
Term: Third Term
Week: 8
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language L2
Curriculum Theme: Harshe
Previous Lesson: Rubutun Wasiƙa Da Ire, Irensa.
Topic: HARSHE
Subject Matter: Alamomin rubutu, alamar motsin rai, ruwa-biyu, al-hamza, haɗa manyan kalmomin Hausa, baƙi, wasali, makarauta, tsintsiya, manjagara

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Fahimtar alamomin rubutu daban-daban.
Gane alamomin motsin rai, ruwa-biyu, da al-hamza.

Affective Domain:

Nuna sha’awa wajen amfani da alamomin rubutu yadda ya kamata.
Nuna himma wajen koyon yadda ake haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula.

Psychomotor Domain:

Haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula don samar da kalmomin Hausa.
Rubuta kalmomin Hausa da aka haɗa daidai.

Yin aiki tare da abokan aji don gina kalmomi.
Fahimtar mahimmancin rubutu mai kyau da fahimta.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Littafin Hausa na JSS 1
https://www.hausa.info/kaidojin-rubutun-hausa/

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Chart ɗin alamomin rubutu
Katinan baƙaƙe
Katinan wasula
Katinan kalmomin Hausa

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da muhimmanci domin yana taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci yadda ake amfani da alamomin rubutu yadda ya kamata a rubutun Hausa. Hakanan, yana basu damar gane da kuma haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula don samar da ingantattun kalmomi, wanda ke inganta karatu da rubutunsu.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Dalibai suna da masaniya kan haruffan Hausa da kuma yadda ake karanta su.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

HARSHE

Alamomin Rubutu

Alamomin rubutu alamu ne da ake amfani da su a cikin rubutu don tsara shi, don sauƙaƙa karatu da fahimta. Suna taimakawa wajen nuna inda za a tsaya, inda za a ɗaga murya, ko kuma wane irin ji aka yi amfani da shi a cikin magana.

Ga wasu daga cikin alamomin rubutu masu mahimmanci:

Alamar Motsin Rai (!) – Ana amfani da ita don nuna mamaki, tsoro, farin ciki mai yawa, ko kuma tsananin ji. Misali: “Kai! Wannan yarinya tana da hazaka!”
Ruwa-biyu (:) – Ana amfani da ita kafin jerin abubuwa, ko kuma kafin bayani dalla-dalla. Misali: “Akwai abubuwa uku da nake so: abinci, ruwa, da barci.”
Al-Hamza (‘) – Alama ce da ake amfani da ita don nuna tsayawa a faɗar kalma, musamman a tsakanin wasula biyu ko a ƙarshen kalma. Misali: “Sa’a”, “Ka’idoji”.
Koma (,) – Ana amfani da ita don ɗan dakata kaɗan a cikin jimla, ko kuma don raba abubuwa a cikin jeri.
Maƙallaci (.) – Ana amfani da ita a ƙarshen kowace jimla mai cike da ma’ana.
Alamar Tambaya (?) – Ana amfani da ita a ƙarshen jimlar tambaya.

Haɗa Baƙaƙe da Wasula don Samar da Kalmomin Hausa

A harshen Hausa, kalmomi suna samuwa ne ta hanyar haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula. Baƙi sune haruffa waɗanda ba su iya fitar da sauti da kansu sai an haɗa su da wasali. Wasula kuma sune haruffa waɗanda ke fitar da sauti da kansu (a, e, i, o, u).

Don samar da kalma, ana haɗa baƙi da wasula a tsari mai kyau. Misali:

Makarauta: M + a + k + a + r + a + u + t + a = Makarauta
Tsintsiya: Ts + i + n + ts + i + y + a = Tsintsiya
Manjagara: M + a + n + j + a + g + a + r + a = Manjagara

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gaishe da ɗalibai sannan ya tambaye su game da darasin da suka gabata don tunawa.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su amsa gaisuwa da kuma tambayoyin malam game da darasin da suka koya a baya.
Learning Point: Tunawa da darasin da ya gabata da kuma shirya wa sabon darasi.

Step 2: Gabatar da Alamomin Rubutu

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Presentation
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gabatar da chart ɗin alamomin rubutu daban-daban kuma ya yi bayanin ma’anar kowannensu gabaɗaya.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su saurara da kyau, su kalli chart ɗin, kuma su yi ƙoƙarin gane alamomin.
Learning Point: Fahimtar ma’anar alamomin rubutu da mahimmancinsu.

Step 3: Alamomin Motsin Rai, Ruwa-biyu, Al-Hamza

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai yi bayani dalla-dalla kan Alamar motsin rai (!), Ruwa-biyu (:), da Al-hamza (‘) tare da bada misalai a kan allon rubutu.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su rubuta bayanan da aka bayar da kuma misalan a cikin litattafansu, sannan su bada nasu misalan.
Learning Point: Gane da kuma sanin yadda ake amfani da waɗannan alamomin rubutu uku.

Step 4: Gabatar da Baƙaƙe da Wasula

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Identification
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai nuna katinan baƙaƙe da wasula daban-daban, sannan ya bayyana bambancin da ke tsakaninsu.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su gane baƙaƙe da wasula daga katinan da aka nuna, sannan su maimaita sunayensu.
Learning Point: Fahimtar abin da baƙaƙe da wasula suke a harshen Hausa.

Step 5: Haɗa Baƙaƙe da Wasula don Samar da Kalmomi

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai jagoranci ɗalibai wajen haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula daban-daban don samar da gajerun kalmomi masu ma’ana a kan allon rubutu.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su shiga cikin aikin haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula don samar da kalmomi, suna rubutawa a litattafansu.
Learning Point: Sanin yadda ake gina kalmomi a Hausa ta hanyar haɗa haruffa.

Step 6: Misalai na Kalmomi

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Application
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bada misalai na manyan kalmomin Hausa kamar makarauta, tsintsiya, da manjagara, sannan ya nuna yadda aka haɗa su daga baƙaƙe da wasula.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su rubuta misalan da aka bayar a litattafansu kuma su yi ƙoƙarin gina irin waɗannan kalmomin da kansu.
Learning Point: Inganta ƙwarewar gina kalmomi da fahimtar tsarin su.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mene ne alamomin rubutu?
Ka lissafa alamomin rubutu guda uku da ka koya a yau.
Menene bambanci tsakanin baƙi da wasali a harshen Hausa?
Ka haɗa baƙaƙe da wasula don samar da kalmar “tsintsiya”.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai taƙaita darasin tare da nanata mahimmancin sanin alamomin rubutu da kuma yadda ake gina kalmomi don inganta rubutu da karatu.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su saurara kuma su rubuta taƙaitaccen bayanin da malam ya yi.
Learning Point: Ƙarfafa fahimtar darasin da kuma mahimmancinsa.

Lesson Keywords

Alamomin rubutu – Alamu ne da ake amfani da su wajen tsara rubutu don sauƙin fahimta.
Alamar motsin rai – Alama ce (!) da ake amfani da ita don nuna mamaki ko tsananin ji.
Ruwa-biyu – Alama ce (:) da ake amfani da ita kafin jerin abubuwa ko bayani.
Al-Hamza – Alama ce (‘) da ake amfani da ita wajen nuna tsayawa a faɗar kalma.
Baƙi – Haruffa ne a Hausa waɗanda ba wasula ba, kuma ba sa fitar da sauti da kansu.
Wasali – Haruffa ne a Hausa waɗanda suke fitar da sauti da kansu (a, e, i, o, u).

Differentiation

Za a ba wa ɗalibai masu saurin fahimta ƙarin kalmomi don ginawa da kuma rubuta gajerun jimloli masu amfani da alamomin rubutu. Za a ba wa ɗalibai masu buƙatar ƙarin taimako jagoranci na musamman da kuma maimaita yadda ake haɗa haruffa da kuma amfani da alamomin rubutu a kan allon rubutu.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Malam ya tabbatar ya yi amfani da kayan koyarwa masu gani sosai don taimakawa ɗalibai su fahimta da kyau. Ya kamata ya ba da dama ga kowane ɗalibi ya shiga cikin darasin ta hanyar tambayoyi da ayyuka na rukuni-rukuni. A tabbatar an sake nazarin alamomin rubutu a darasin gaba.