Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS 1 / JS1)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 2
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language L1
Curriculum Theme: Harshe
Previous Lesson: Ma’anar Furuci Da Ire, Irensa.
Topic: HARSHE
Subject Matter: Muhimman gaɓoɓin furuci, laɓɓa, haƙora, harshe, hauƙa, ganɗa, hanɗa, aikin gaɓoɓin furuci

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Su san muhimman gaɓoɓin furuci.
Su bayyana ayyukan gaɓoɓin furuci daban-daban.

Affective Domain:

Su nuna godiya ga Allah da ya ba su gaɓoɓin furuci.
Su so yin amfani da gaɓoɓin furuci yadda ya kamata don inganta furuci.

Psychomotor Domain:

Su furta sautuka daban-daban ta amfani da gaɓoɓin furuci.
Su gwada yadda gaɓoɓin furuci ke aiki wajen samar da sauti.

Su haɗa kai da abokan karatu wajen gwada furucin sautuka.
Su tattauna muhimmancin gaɓoɓin furuci a rayuwar yau da kullum.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Littafin Harshen Hausa na JSS 1
https://www.hausa.info/speech-organs-in-hausa/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fj-B9l40U5g

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Hoton gaɓoɓin furuci (speech organ chart)
Littafin Hausa
Hoton baki mai nuna gaɓoɓi (labelled mouth diagram)
Katin kalmomi masu sautuka daban-daban (word cards)

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da muhimmanci domin zai taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci yadda muke furta kalmomi a harshen Hausa. Zai kuma ba su damar inganta furucinsu da kuma sanin yadda za su gyara kuskuren furuci, wanda zai taimaka musu wajen sadarwa da kyau.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ɗalibai sun san wasu sautukan Hausa kuma suna iya furta kalmomin Hausa na yau da kullum.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

HARSHE: GAƁOƁIN FURUCI DA AIYUKANSU

Muhimman Gaɓoɓin Furuci

Gaɓoɓin furuci su ne sassan jiki da muke amfani da su wajen furta sauti ko kalmomi. Suna da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen samar da sautukan Hausa daban-daban.

Muhimman gaɓoɓin furuci sun haɗa da:

Laɓɓa
Haƙora
Harshe
Hauƙa (Maƙogwaro)
Ganɗa (Baki)
Hanɗa (Hanci)

Aikin Gaɓoɓin Furuci

Laɓɓa: Suna taimakawa wajen rufe baki ko buɗe shi don furta sautukan kamar ‘b’, ‘p’, ‘m’, da ‘f’. Misali: /b/ a ‘baba’, /m/ a ‘mama’.
Haƙora: Suna taimakawa wajen toshe iska ko barinta ta fita lokacin furta sautukan kamar ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘s’, ‘z’. Misali: /t/ a ‘taro’, /s/ a ‘salo’.
Harshe: Gaɓa ce mai matuƙar muhimmanci wajen furuci. Yana motsawa zuwa gaba, baya, sama, ko ƙasa don samar da sautuka daban-daban kamar ‘l’, ‘r’, ‘k’, ‘g’, ‘n’. Misali: /l/ a ‘lami’, /r/ a ‘rafi’.
Hauƙa (Maƙogwaro): Wannan shine maƙogwaro, kuma yana ɗauke da maƙogwaro biyu (vocal cords) waɗanda ke girgiza don samar da sauti mai murya. Yana da mahimmanci ga sautukan da ke buƙatar murya.
Ganɗa (Baki): Wannan shine baki, kuma yana samar da sarari ga iska ta fita. Yana da mahimmanci ga yawancin sautukan Hausa, musamman na baki.
Hanɗa (Hanci): Sannan kuma hanɗa, ko hanci, yana ba da damar iska ta fita ta hanci don samar da sautukan hanci kamar ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘ŋ’ (wato ‘ng’). Misali: /n/ a ‘nama’.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai gaishe da ɗalibai kuma ya tambaye su ko sun san yadda muke furta kalmomi ko kuma wane sashi na jikinmu muke amfani da shi wajen magana.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su amsa gaisuwa kuma su yi ƙoƙarin bayar da amsoshi kamar baki ko harshe.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci cewa darasin na yau yana da alaƙa da yadda muke magana da yadda muke samar da sauti.

Step 2: Gabatar da Gaɓoɓin Furuci

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Identification/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai nuna musu hoton gaɓoɓin furuci kuma ya lissafo muhimman gaɓoɓi kamar laɓɓa, haƙora, harshe, hauƙa, ganɗa, da hanɗa, yana mai nuna musu inda kowanne yake.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su kalli hoton kuma su maimaita sunayen gaɓoɓin furucin da kuma nuna inda suke a jikinsu.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su san muhimman gaɓoɓin furuci da kuma inda suke.

Step 3: Aikin Laɓɓa da Haƙora

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai bayyana aikin laɓɓa da haƙora wajen furta sautuka daban-daban, misali ‘b’, ‘p’, ‘m’ (laɓɓa) da ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘s’, ‘z’ (haƙora). Zai kuma sa su gwada furta waɗannan sautukan.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su gwada furta sautukan da malamin ya faɗa, suna amfani da laɓɓansu da haƙoransu.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci yadda laɓɓa da haƙora ke aiki wajen furuci.

Step 4: Aikin Harshe

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai bayyana yadda harshe ke motsawa don samar da sautuka daban-daban kamar ‘l’, ‘r’, ‘k’, ‘g’, ‘n’. Zai nuna musu yadda harshen ke motsawa a cikin baki.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su yi ƙoƙarin motsa harshensu kamar yadda malamin ya nuna, suna furta sautukan.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su san muhimmancin harshe wajen furuci da kuma yadda yake motsawa.

Step 5: Aikin Hauƙa, Ganɗa, da Hanɗa

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai yi bayani a takaice game da aikin hauƙa (maƙogwaro), ganɗa (baki), da hanɗa (hanci) wajen samar da sauti, musamman sautukan hanci kamar ‘m’ da ‘n’.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su fahimci yadda waɗannan gaɓoɓin ke taimakawa wajen furuci.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su san aikin hauƙa, ganɗa, da hanɗa wajen furta sauti.

Step 6: Haɗa Aikin Gaɓoɓi

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Application/Synthesis
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai sa ɗalibai su haɗa aikin gaɓoɓin furuci daban-daban don furta cikakkun kalmomi a Hausa, kamar ‘nama’, ‘baki’, ‘taro’, ‘gida’, ‘ruwa’.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su furta kalmomin, suna mai da hankali ga gaɓoɓin da suke amfani da su wajen furta kowace kalma.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su iya haɗa aikin gaɓoɓi don furta kalmomi da kyau.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mene ne gaɓoɓin furuci?
Lissafo gaɓoɓin furuci uku (3) da ka sani.
Mene ne aikin laɓɓa wajen furta sauti?
Wane aiki harshe yake yi wajen furuci?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Assignment
Teacher’s Activity: Malamin zai taƙaita darasin ta hanyar sake jaddada muhimmancin gaɓoɓin furuci wajen samar da sautukan Hausa. Zai kuma ba su aikin gida su lissafo wasu kalmomin Hausa guda biyar (5) da kuma gaɓoɓin da ake amfani da su wajen furta su.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su rubuta aikin gida a littafinsu.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su tuna abin da suka koya kuma su yi aikin gida don ƙarfafa fahimtarsu.

Lesson Keywords

Gaɓoɓin Furuci – Sassan jiki da muke amfani da su wajen furta sauti ko kalmomi.
Laɓɓa – Gaɓoɓi masu taushi a wajen baki da ke taimakawa wajen furta sautuka kamar ‘b’, ‘m’.
Harshe – Gaɓa mai motsi a cikin baki da ke taimakawa wajen furta sautuka daban-daban kamar ‘l’, ‘r’.
Hauƙa – Maƙogwaro, inda sautuka masu murya ke fitowa.
Hanɗa – Hanci, wanda ke ba da damar fitar iska don sautukan hanci.

Differentiation

For pupils who are fast learners, the teacher will encourage them to identify more complex Hausa sounds and the specific organs involved. For slow learners, the teacher will provide extra support by repeating explanations and demonstrating the basic functions of the major speech organs with more focus and individual attention.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure they have clear, large visual aids of the speech organs. Encourage active participation and practical demonstrations from pupils to make the learning interactive and engaging. Emphasize the connection between the physical organs and the sounds produced in Hausa.