Meaning Of Pests And Parasites for Primary 5

Class: Primary 5
Term: 3rd Term
Subject: Pre-vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Agricultural Science
Previous Lesson: Selecting Appropriate Housing
Topic: Meaning Of Pests And Parasites
Content/Learning Area: Meaning Of Pests And Parasites
Time Allocation: 40 minutes

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Cognitive Domain: Define pests and parasites and differentiate between them.
• Affective Domain: Show interest in protecting crops and animals from pests and parasites.
• Psychomotor Domain: Identify and name common pests and parasites around them.
• Social Domain: Work cooperatively in groups to discuss the dangers of pests and parasites.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 9 Years Basic education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of Work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Data from: wikipedia – Pest (organism)
• Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson,the teacher will use the following:

• Flashcards showing different pests and parasites
• Real or model samples of pests (e.g., dead grasshopper, weevil)
• Charts showing parasites on crops and animals
• Pictures of infected crops and animals
• whiteboard and marker

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding pests and parasites helps pupils protect crops and animals, which improves food availability and health.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have seen insects and animals that damage plants or live on other animals in their surroundings.

Lesson Content

Meaning Of Pests And Parasites

Pests and parasites are harmful living things. They damage plants, animals, and even people.

Pests

Pests are small animals or insects that destroy crops or stored food. Examples are:

1. Grasshopper
2. Weevil
3. Locust
4. Armyworm
5. Rat
6. Termites
7. Aphids

Parasites

Parasites are living things that live on or inside another animal or plant and cause harm. The following are examples of parasites:

1. Tick
2. Lice
3. Flea
4. Tapeworm
5. Mite
6. Roundworm
7. Hookworm

Differences Between Pests and Parasites

Pests and parasites are both harmful, but they are different in where they live and what they destroy.

The following are differences between pests and parasites:

1. Pests destroy crops and food
2. Parasites live on or inside animals or plants
3. pests are mostly insects or animals
4. Parasites are mostly tiny organisms
5. Pests work outside the body
6. Parasites work inside or on the body
7. Pests are often visible to the naked eye, while parasites may require microscopic examination.
8. Pests typically cause direct damage to plants or stored products, whereas parasites can cause diseases in their hosts.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: discussion,lecture,Explanation,Question and Answer,Visual Aids,Group Work

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson,the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction (Set Induction)

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher shows pictures of damaged crops and animals,asks what caused the damage.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and respond to questions.

Step 2: Meaning of Pests

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains what pests are and shows examples using flashcards.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and repeat after teacher.

Step 3: Meaning of parasites

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains parasites and shows sample models and pictures of parasites.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and identify what they see.

Step 4: Differences Between Them

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: Comparison
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher lists and explains the key differences between pests and parasites.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils compare and answer guiding questions.

Step 5: Group Discussion

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: Group Work
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher divides pupils into groups to identify pests and parasites in pictures.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils discuss and point out pests and parasites.

Step 6: Note-Taking

Time: 3 min
Teaching Skill: Writing Skills
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher guides pupils to copy structured class notes.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes into notebooks.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 min
Teaching Skill: Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher asks questions based on lesson and checks pupils’ responses.Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer and ask questions.

Objective-aligned checks:

1. Define pests and parasites and differentiate between them.
2. Identify and name common pests and parasites around them.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 min
Teaching Skill: Closure
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher summarizes the lesson and encourages pupils to share what they learned.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils share what they learned.

Lesson Keywords

• Pests: Small animals or insects that destroy crops or food
• Parasites: Living things that harm another plant or animal
• Host: The plant or animal that a parasite lives on
• Damage: Harm caused to crops or animals
• Infestation: when pests or parasites are many and cause trouble

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. What is a pest?
2. mention three examples of pests.
3. What is a parasite?
4. List two examples of parasites.
5. Say one difference between pests and parasites.
6. Why are pests and parasites bad for farms?
7. Identify pests and parasites from a picture.

Assignment/Homework

1. List five common pests found in your home or school habitat.
2. Describe three ways that parasites can harm animals or humans.
3. Explain the difference between a pest and a parasite in your own words.

Differentiation

• For slower learners: teacher pairs struggling pupils with stronger peers, provides visual aids for better understanding, and uses repetition to reinforce key terms.
• For advanced learners: Encourage advanced learners to research different types of pest control methods and present their findings to the class.
• For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids like diagrams and videos, incorporate auditory learning through discussions, and engage kinesthetic learners with hands-on activities like creating models of pests and parasites.

Note for Teachers

Ensure flashcards and samples used are clear and safe for handling. Encourage group participation and guide weaker learners during activities.