Class: Primary 3
Term: 1st Term
Week: 8
Age: 8 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Pre Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
Previous Lesson: Care Of The Skin
Topic: Care Of The Mouth And Teeth
Content/Learning Area: Description of the mouth, Parts of the mouth, traditional Materials for cleaning the mouth, Danger of not caring for the mouth

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain: Identify and describe the parts of the mouth and teeth.
Affective Domain: Appreciate the importance of keeping the mouth and teeth clean every day.
Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate how to clean the mouth using both traditional and modern materials.
Social Domain: Share knowledge on oral hygiene practices with classmates and family members.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
Online information from: Wikipedia – Oral hygiene
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A large chart of the human mouth showing teeth and tongue
Toothbrush and toothpaste
Traditional materials like chewing stick and charcoal
Flash cards with names of mouth parts
Pictures of children brushing their teeth
Model of human teeth

Rationale for the Lesson

The lesson helps pupils to understand proper oral hygiene and develop healthy habits to prevent tooth decay and mouth diseases.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with eating food and have basic experience in using toothbrush or chewing sticks at home.

Lesson Content

Care of the Mouth and Teeth

The mouth is an important part of the body. It helps us to eat, talk, and smile. It contains the teeth, tongue, and gums. We must always keep our mouth and teeth clean to stay healthy.

Parts of the Mouth

The following are parts of the mouth:

Teeth
Tongue
Gums
Lips
Palate

Materials for Cleaning the Mouth

These include traditional and modern materials.

Traditional Materials

Chewing stick
Charcoal
Ash
Salt water

Modern Materials

Toothbrush
Toothpaste
Dental floss
Mouthwash

Dangers of Not Caring for the Mouth

The following are dangers of not caring for the mouth and teeth:

Tooth decay
Bad breath
Gum disease
Mouth pain
Loss of teeth

Caring for the Mouth and Teeth

Brush every tooth gently twice a day, including outer, inner and chewing surfaces. Clean the tongue gently, reduce frequent sugary snacks and rinse the mouth with clean water after eating when brushing is not possible.

Do not use teeth to open bottles or crack hard objects. Toothache, a broken tooth, swelling or persistent bleeding needs prompt attention from an adult and dental professional.

Teaching Methods

Discussion, Lecture, Storytelling, Demonstration, Explanation, Question and Answer, Group Work, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher shows a chart of the human mouth and asks pupils what they use their mouth for daily.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by saying eating, talking, smiling.
Learning Point: Pupils recall and connect prior knowledge to the new lesson.

Step 2: Description of the Mouth

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains the meaning of the mouth and its functions in simple terms.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively and repeat after teacher.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the meaning and functions of the mouth.

Step 3: Parts of the Mouth

Time: 7 mins
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher uses chart to point out teeth, tongue, gums, lips, and palate, and calls pupils to identify them.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils point to the parts on the chart and on themselves.
Learning Point: Pupils recognize and name the parts of the mouth.

Step 4: Materials for Cleaning the Mouth

Time: 8 mins
Teaching Skill: Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher displays both traditional and modern cleaning materials, explains their use, and shows how to brush properly.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe, ask questions, and demonstrate brushing.
Learning Point: Pupils learn different materials for cleaning and their proper use.

Step 5: Dangers of Not Caring for the Mouth

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains the consequences of poor mouth care and asks pupils to mention what can happen if teeth are not brushed.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils mention dangers like tooth decay, pain, bad breath.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the effects of poor oral hygiene.

Step 6: Note Taking

Time: 3 mins
Teaching Skill: Writing
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher dictates short notes on the care of the mouth and teeth.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils write notes in their books.
Learning Point: Pupils record lesson notes for future study.

Step 7: Evaluation

Time: 4 mins
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher asks pupils to mention parts of the mouth, materials for cleaning, and dangers of not brushing.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer questions individually.
Learning Point: Teacher checks understanding and achievement of objectives.

Objective-aligned checks:

Identify and describe the parts of the mouth and teeth.
Demonstrate how to clean the mouth using both traditional and modern materials.

Step 8: Closure/Conclusion

Time: 3 mins
Teaching Skill: Cognitive and Social Closure
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher revises the main points, encourages pupils to always clean their mouth, and thanks them for participation.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond and promise to practice oral hygiene daily.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate learning and develop positive hygiene habits.

Lesson Keywords

Mouth – The opening in the face used for eating and speaking
Teeth – Hard white parts in the mouth used for chewing food
Tongue – Soft part inside the mouth used for tasting and talking
Chewing Stick – Traditional stick used for cleaning teeth
Toothpaste – Cream used with toothbrush to clean teeth

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

Mention three functions of the mouth.
List five parts of the mouth.
Give two examples of traditional materials for cleaning the mouth.
State two modern materials used for cleaning the mouth.
Mention three dangers of not caring for the mouth and teeth.
Demonstrate how to clean the mouth properly.

Differentiation

Teacher supports slower learners by showing real materials for cleaning the mouth, while faster learners demonstrate brushing techniques for others.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Encourage pupils to practice oral hygiene daily at home. Use real materials to make the lesson practical. Praise pupils who show interest and participation to build their confidence.