Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1 / SSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 2
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Dying and Bleaching
Curriculum Theme: Trade
Previous Lesson: Colour Theory: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Colours.
Topic: COLOR SCHEME (PRACTICAL)
Subject Matter: mixing primary colours to get secondary colours, mixing secondary colours to get tertiary colours, producing colour scheme using poster colours red yellow blue

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Identify the three primary colours.
Define secondary and tertiary colours.
Explain how secondary and tertiary colours are formed.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of colour mixing in creating various shades.
Show interest in experimenting with different colour combinations.

Psychomotor Domain:

Accurately mix primary colours to obtain secondary colours using poster colours.
Accurately mix secondary colours to obtain tertiary colours using poster colours.
Produce a simple colour scheme using the mixed primary, secondary, and tertiary colours.

Work neatly and carefully during practical colour mixing activities.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Dyeing and Bleaching for Senior Secondary Schools by A. O. Okoro

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Poster colours (red, yellow, blue)
Mixing palette
Brushes
Water container
Drawing paper
Chart showing primary, secondary, and tertiary colours

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand the basic principles of colour theory, which is fundamental in dyeing and bleaching. It enables pupils to practically create a range of colours from a few basic ones, which is a useful skill in various creative and trade applications.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are assumed to have a basic understanding of what colours are and can identify common colours.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

COLOR SCHEME (PRACTICAL)

Primary Colours

Primary colours are the fundamental colours from which all other colours can be mixed. They cannot be created by mixing other colours.

The primary colours are:

Red
Yellow
Blue

Secondary Colours

Secondary colours are formed by mixing two primary colours in equal proportions.

The secondary colours and their formation are:

Orange (Red + Yellow)
Green (Yellow + Blue)
Violet/Purple (Blue + Red)

Tertiary Colours

Tertiary colours are formed by mixing a primary colour with an adjacent secondary colour.

The tertiary colours and their formation are:

Red-Orange (Red + Orange)
Yellow-Orange (Yellow + Orange)
Yellow-Green (Yellow + Green)
Blue-Green (Blue + Green)
Blue-Violet (Blue + Violet)
Red-Violet (Red + Violet)

Producing a Colour Scheme

A colour scheme is an arrangement of colours chosen to create a particular visual effect. In this practical, a colour scheme is produced by systematically mixing and applying primary, secondary, and tertiary colours using poster colours on paper.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids, Practical Activity

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and introduces the topic by asking them to name some colours they know. The teacher then explains that today’s lesson will be a practical session on how to mix colours to create a colour scheme.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and understand the focus of the practical session.

Step 2: Identification of Primary Colours

Time: 4 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Identification
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays the poster colours (red, yellow, blue) and explains that these are called primary colours. The teacher emphasizes that these colours cannot be made by mixing other colours.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the colours and identify them as primary colours. They listen to the explanation.
Learning Point: Pupils identify and understand what primary colours are.

Step 3: Demonstration of Secondary Colour Mixing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to mix two primary colours (e.g., red and yellow) on a palette to produce a secondary colour (orange). The teacher repeats this for green (yellow + blue) and violet (blue + red), explaining the process clearly.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the teacher’s demonstration carefully, noting the colours mixed and the resulting secondary colours.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the practical steps for mixing primary colours to get secondary colours.

Step 4: Pupils’ Practical – Mixing Secondary Colours

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guidance/Supervision
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher distributes the instructional materials (poster colours, palette, brushes, water, paper) and guides pupils to mix their own secondary colours from the primary colours. The teacher moves around the classroom, providing assistance and correcting techniques where necessary.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils actively engage in mixing primary colours to produce orange, green, and violet on their drawing paper.
Learning Point: Pupils gain hands-on experience in forming secondary colours.

Step 5: Demonstration of Tertiary Colour Mixing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to mix a primary colour with an adjacent secondary colour (e.g., red and orange) to create a tertiary colour (red-orange). The teacher shows a few examples and explains the concept of adjacent colours.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the teacher’s demonstration of mixing tertiary colours.
Learning Point: Pupils understand how tertiary colours are formed by mixing primary and secondary colours.

Step 6: Pupils’ Practical – Mixing Tertiary Colours and Completing Colour Scheme

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guidance/Supervision
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher instructs pupils to proceed with mixing tertiary colours and to arrange all the primary, secondary, and tertiary colours systematically on their drawing paper to create a complete colour scheme. The teacher provides individual support and encourages neatness.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils mix tertiary colours and work to complete their colour scheme on paper.
Learning Point: Pupils apply their knowledge to create a practical colour scheme.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What are the three primary colours?
How are secondary colours formed?
Mention two secondary colours you produced today.
How are tertiary colours formed?
Give an example of a tertiary colour.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of understanding colour mixing in art and design. The teacher collects the practical work for assessment and assigns homework to research different types of colour schemes (e.g., monochromatic, analogous).
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary, submit their work, and note down the homework.
Learning Point: The lesson is concluded, and learning is reinforced.

Lesson Keywords

Primary Colours – Fundamental colours (red, yellow, blue) from which all other colours are mixed.
Secondary Colours – Colours formed by mixing two primary colours.
Tertiary Colours – Colours formed by mixing a primary colour with an adjacent secondary colour.
Colour Scheme – A planned combination of colours used in design or art.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp the concepts quickly, the teacher can challenge them to mix different shades or tints of the tertiary colours. For pupils who need more support, the teacher will provide closer supervision and step-by-step guidance during the mixing process, perhaps with pre-prepared colour swatches to match.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure all materials are prepared and organized before the lesson begins to maximize practical time. Encourage pupils to experiment and be creative while adhering to the principles of colour mixing. Emphasize safety and cleanliness, especially when working with paints.