Class: Junior Secondary School 3 (JSS3, JSS 3)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 1
Age: 14 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Previous Lesson:
Topic: Drug and Substance Abuse (Part 1)
Subject Matter: Effects of drug abuse e.g. stomach upset, damaged nostril and lungs, skin rashes, e.t.c. Prevention of drug abuse: Inculcation of coping skills, positive social interactions, healthy lifestyle.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Identify and explain the major effects of drug abuse on the human body.
(b) Discuss methods of preventing drug abuse among youths.
Affective Domain:
(a) Develop a negative attitude toward drug abuse and encourage others to avoid it.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Demonstrate practical ways to refuse drug offers through role-play.
Social Domain:
(a) Participate in group discussions and peer education activities promoting drug-free living.

Reference Materials

The following resources was used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) – “Understanding the Effects of Drug Use” (https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/drug-prevention-and-treatment/index.html)
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Charts showing damaged organs from drug abuse
Posters or flyers on drug prevention campaigns
Short video clips on effects of drug abuse
Whiteboard and markers
Flash cards with preventive measures written on them

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps students understand the harmful effects of drug abuse on health and social life, and equips them with knowledge and coping skills to avoid drug misuse.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are already familiar with the concept of drugs and their uses from previous classes and everyday experiences, including exposure to anti-drug messages.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Drug and Substance Abuse

Effects And Prevention Of Drug Abuse

Drug abuse affects both the body and mind. It damages health, disrupts behavior, and weakens social relationships.

The following are the effects of drug abuse:

Stomach upset and loss of appetite – caused by irritation of the digestive system.
Damaged nostrils and lungs – due to sniffing or smoking harmful drugs.
Skin rashes and poor body appearance – resulting from chemical reactions and neglect of hygiene.
Brain damage and poor memory – from continuous use of hard drugs.
Hallucination and mental illness – where victims see or hear things that are not real.
Lack of concentration and poor academic performance – as a result of addiction.
Violent behavior and social withdrawal – leading to crime and broken relationships.
Death – caused by overdose or organ failure.

Prevention of Drug Abuse

Preventing drug abuse requires education, discipline, and positive behavior choices. It involves individuals, families, and communities working together to stop the misuse of drugs.

The following are ways of preventing drug abuse:

Inculcation of coping skills – teaching youths how to handle stress, peer pressure, and life challenges positively.
Positive social interactions – keeping good company and forming friendships with responsible peers.
Healthy lifestyle – maintaining good diet, regular exercise, and enough rest to reduce temptation.
Public education – spreading awareness about the dangers of drug abuse through schools and media.
Parental guidance and supervision – parents monitoring their children’s activities and friends.
Religious and moral teachings – helping to build discipline and spiritual strength.
Law enforcement – government implementing rules against drug sales and misuse.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Lecture, Discussion, Explanation, Role Play, Group Work, Question and Answer, Demonstration

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher begins by narrating a short story about a teenager who suffered from drug abuse and asks pupils what they think happened to him.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by sharing ideas and prior knowledge on drug abuse.
Learning Point: Pupils’ interest is aroused and background knowledge is activated.

Step 2: Effects of Drug Abuse

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the effects of drug abuse and displays a chart showing damaged organs and skin conditions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe, listen, and take notes on the effects.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the harmful effects of drug abuse on the body and mind.

Step 3: Prevention of Drug Abuse

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses ways of preventing drug abuse and uses flash cards to illustrate coping skills and healthy habits.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils contribute ideas on how they can prevent drug abuse in their daily lives.
Learning Point: Pupils learn how to prevent drug misuse through positive actions.

Step 4: Role Play – Saying “No” to Drugs

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher organizes a short role-play activity where pupils act out scenarios of peer pressure and refusal of drugs.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils perform the role-play and discuss what they learned.
Learning Point: Pupils practice real-life refusal and coping skills.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher dictates or writes the lesson summary for pupils to copy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes into their books.
Learning Point: Pupils have accurate written information on the topic.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mention three effects of drug abuse.
State three ways of preventing drug abuse.
What is the importance of coping skills in preventing drug abuse?
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer the questions orally.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson and encourages pupils to live a drug-free life and join anti-drug clubs.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and show commitment to avoiding drugs.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the need to avoid drug abuse and encourage others to do the same.

Lesson Keywords

Drug Abuse – misuse of drugs for wrong purposes.
Addiction – inability to stop using a drug.
Hallucination – seeing or hearing things that are not real.
Coping Skills – positive ways to deal with stress or challenges.
Prevention – actions taken to stop something harmful from happening.

Differentiation

Teacher simplifies explanations with pictures for slower learners and allows advanced learners to lead discussions or demonstrate refusal skills during role-play.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Emphasize real-life consequences of drug abuse and relate examples to students’ environments. Encourage peer-to-peer teaching through anti-drug clubs and ensure sensitivity in handling discussions.