Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2 / SSS 2)
Term: Second Term
Week: 3
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa
Curriculum Theme: Fasahar Harshe (Linguistics)
Previous Lesson: Nazarin Littafin Zube: Salon Sarrafa Harshe Da Jan Hankali.
Topic: Furucin baƙaƙe da wasula
Subject Matter: Ma’anar tsarin sauti, adadin baƙaƙe, adadin masu goyo, adadin wasula tilo masu aure.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Bayyana ma’anar tsarin sauti a harshen Hausa.
Gane da lissafa baƙaƙe da masu goyo da wasula a harshen Hausa.
Ba da misalai na kowane ɓangare na furucin haruffa.

Affective Domain:

Nuna sha’awa wajen fahimtar yadda ake furta haruffa da sauti daidai.
Amince da muhimmancin furucin daidai a harshen Hausa.

Psychomotor Domain:

Furta baƙaƙe, masu goyo, da wasula daidai.
Rubuta misalai na kowane ɓangare na furucin haruffa.

Shiga cikin tattaunawa game da furucin haruffa a harshen Hausa.
Haɗa kai da abokan aji wajen atisayen furuci.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Littafin Koyar da Harshen Hausa na SS2

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Jadawalin haruffa
Littafin koyarwa
Allo da alli
Takardun aiki

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da muhimmanci domin yana taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci yadda ake furta kalmomi daidai a harshen Hausa. Fahimtar furucin baƙaƙe da wasula yana inganta yadda ɗalibai ke magana da rubutu.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ana sa ran ɗalibai sun san haruffan Hausa kuma suna iya gane wasu kalmomi a harshen Hausa.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Furucin Baƙaƙe da Wasula

Ma’anar Tsarin Sauti

Tsarin sauti a harshe yana nufin yadda ake furta kowane harfi ko sauti domin ya fito da ma’ana. Kowane harshe yana da nasa tsarin yadda ake furta kalmominsa daidai.

Baƙaƙe a Harshen Hausa

Baƙaƙe su ne haruffan da ba za su iya fitowa su kaɗai ba sai da wasula. Suna buƙatar taimakon wasula don samar da sauti mai cikakkiyar ma’ana. Adadin baƙaƙe a harshen Hausa su ne 23.

Misalan Baƙaƙe:

B – kamar a kalmar “Bara”
C – kamar a kalmar “Ciya”
D – kamar a kalmar “Doki”
F – kamar a kalmar “Fara”
G – kamar a kalmar “Gida”
H – kamar a kalmar “Hauka”
J – kamar a kalmar “Jira”
K – kamar a kalmar “Kifi”
L – kamar a kalmar “Laya”
M – kamar a kalmar “Mata”
N – kamar a kalmar “Nama”
R – kamar a kalmar “Rana”
S – kamar a kalmar “Sabo”
T – kamar a kalmar “Tafi”
W – kamar a kalmar “Wuri”
Y – kamar a kalmar “Yaro”
Z – kamar a kalmar “Zana”
‘ – (hamza) kamar a kalmar “‘A’a”
ɓ – kamar a kalmar “ɓarawo”
ɗ – kamar a kalmar “ɗaki”
ƙ – kamar a kalmar “ƙafa”
ts – kamar a kalmar “tsuntsu”
ch – kamar a kalmar “chokali”

Masu Goyo a Harshen Hausa

Masu goyo su ne haɗe-haɗen haruffa biyu ko fiye da suke samar da sauti guda ɗaya. Suna goyon juna wajen fitar da sauti.

Misalan Masu Goyo:

gy – kamar a kalmar “gyada”
gw – kamar a kalmar “gwanda”
kw – kamar a kalmar “kwarya”
ky – kamar a kalmar “kyau”
sh – kamar a kalmar “shiga”
ts – kamar a kalmar “tsuntsu”

Wasula Tilo Masu Aure a Harshen Hausa

Wasula su ne haruffan da za su iya fitowa su kaɗai ba tare da taimakon wani harfi ba. Suna da ‘yancin fitar da sauti da kansu. Akwai wasula guda biyar (5) a harshen Hausa, kuma dukkansu masu aure ne (monophthongs).

Su ne kamar haka:

A – kamar a kalmar “Aiki”
E – kamar a kalmar “Eka”
I – kamar a kalmar “Iya”
O – kamar a kalmar “Oho”
U – kamar a kalmar “Uwa”

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gaishe da ɗalibai sannan ya tambaye su ko sun san yadda ake furta wasu kalmomi daidai.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su amsa gaisuwa kuma su ba da amsoshin su dangane da tambayar.
Learning Point: Taimaka wa ɗalibai su tuna da abubuwan da suka sani a baya game da furucin haruffa.

Step 2: Gabatar da Ma’anar Tsarin Sauti

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Bayani/Faɗa
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana ma’anar tsarin sauti a harshen Hausa, yana mai jaddada muhimmancin furucin daidai.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara da kyau kuma su rubuta ma’anar a littafinsu.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci menene tsarin sauti.

Step 3: Koyar da Baƙaƙe

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Nunawa/Misali
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai lissafa baƙaƙe guda 23 a harshen Hausa, yana ba da misalai na kowane baƙi, kuma ya furta su a fili.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su maimaita furucin baƙaƙen bayan malamin kuma su rubuta misalai.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su iya gane da furta baƙaƙe daidai.

Step 4: Koyar da Masu Goyo

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Bayani/Aiki
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana menene masu goyo kuma ya lissafa su, yana ba da misalai kamar gy, gw, kw, ky, sh, ts.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su rubuta masu goyo da misalansu, sannan su yi ƙoƙarin furta su.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci kuma su furta masu goyo.

Step 5: Koyar da Wasula Tilo Masu Aure

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Faɗa/Nunawa
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana cewa akwai wasula guda biyar a Hausa kuma dukkansu masu aure ne. Zai lissafa su (A, E, I, O, U) kuma ya ba da misalai.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su maimaita furucin wasulan, kuma su rubuta misalai.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su gane da furta wasula daidai.

Step 6: Atisaye

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Aiki/Karfafawa
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai raba ɗalibai zuwa ƙungiyoyi, ya ba su kalmomi daban-daban don su rarraba baƙaƙe, masu goyo, da wasula a cikinsu.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyi don rarraba haruffan.
Learning Point: Taimaka wa ɗalibai su yi amfani da abin da suka koya.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Menene ma’anar tsarin sauti a harshen Hausa?
Ka lissafa baƙaƙe guda biyar (5) a harshen Hausa tare da misalai.
Wane ne ake kira masu goyo? Ka bayar da misalai guda uku (3).
Ka lissafa wasula tilo masu aure guda biyar (5) a harshen Hausa.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Takaitawa
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai takaita darasin ta hanyar sake jaddada muhimmancin furucin daidai na baƙaƙe, masu goyo, da wasula. Sannan zai ba su aikin gida.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su rubuta aikin gida.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci takaitaccen darasin da kuma aikin da za su yi a gida.

Lesson Keywords

Tsarin sauti – Yadda ake furta haruffa ko sauti a harshe.
Baƙaƙe – Haruffan da ke buƙatar wasula don fitar da sauti.
Masu goyo – Haɗe-haɗen haruffa biyu ko fiye da ke samar da sauti guda ɗaya.
Wasula – Haruffan da za su iya fitowa su kaɗai ba tare da taimakon wani harfi ba.
Wasula masu aure – Wasula guda ɗaya (monophthongs).

Differentiation

Za a ba wa ɗalibai masu saurin fahimta ƙarin kalmomi masu wahala don su rarraba haruffa, yayin da za a ba wa masu buƙatar tallafi ƙarin misalai masu sauƙi da taimakon malami.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Malam ya tabbatar ya furta dukkan misalai a fili kuma a hankali domin ɗalibai su fahimta. Ya kuma ba su dama su yi atisaye sosai.