Lesson Note on Fassara: Rukuni, Matakai Da Bambancin Karin Harshe for SS 2

Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2 / SSS2)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 4
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa
Curriculum Theme: Nil
Previous Lesson: Ire-Iren Fassara: Nau’o’i Da Misalai.
Topic: Ci gaba da ire-iren fassara
Subject Matter: Rukunan fassara (naƙalta, harsuna biyu, naƙaltar al’adu), matakan fassara (daidaituwar saƙo, banbancin karin harshe)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

• Su iya bambanta tsakanin nau’ukan fassara daban-daban.
• Su iya bayyana matakan fassara da misalai.

Affective Domain:

• Su nuna sha’awa ga muhimmancin fassara mai inganci.

Psychomotor Domain:

• Su yi gwajin fassara gajerun jimloli ko kalmomi.

Social Domain:

• Su yi aiki tare wajen warware matsalolin fassara.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
• State Unified Scheme of Work
• Kamus na Hausa-Turanci, Turanci-Hausa
• Rubutun al’adu
• Rubutun harsuna biyu

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Rubutun al’adu
• Rubutun harsuna biyu
• Allo
• Alƙalami
• Takardun aiki

Rationale for the Lesson

Fassara tana da muhimmanci wajen sadarwa tsakanin al’adu da harsuna daban-daban. Wannan darasi zai taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci nau’ukan fassara da matakanta domin su iya yin fassara mai inganci a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ɗalibai suna da masaniya game da ma’anar fassara da kuma wasu nau’ukanta kaɗan.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Ci gaba da ire-iren fassara

Rukunan Fassara (Types of Translation)

Rukunan fassara sune hanyoyi daban-daban da ake bi wajen fassara rubutu ko magana daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani. Sune kamar haka:

• Naƙalta (Literal Translation): Fassara ce da ake yi kalma-kalma ko kuma jimla-jimla ba tare da canza tsarin asali ba. Tana mai da hankali kan ma’anar kowace kalma.
• Harsuna Biyu (Bilingual Translation): Fassara ce da ke buƙatar ƙwarewa a harsuna biyu, wato asalin harshe da harshen da ake fassara zuwa gare shi. Yana mai da hankali kan isar da saƙo daidai.
• Naƙaltar Al’adu (Cultural Translation): Fassara ce da ke la’akari da al’adun harsunan biyu. Tana tabbatar da cewa saƙon da aka fassara ya dace da al’adar masu karatu a sabon harshen.

Matakan Fassara (Stages of Translation)

Matakan fassara sune muhimman hanyoyi da ake bi don tabbatar da an yi fassara mai inganci. Sune kamar haka:

• Daidaituwar Saƙo (Message Equivalence): Wannan mataki ne na tabbatar da cewa ma’anar saƙon asali ta kasance iri ɗaya a harshen da aka fassara. Yana da mahimmanci a guji ɓata ma’ana.
• Banbancin Karin Harshe (Linguistic Variation): Wannan mataki ne na fahimtar cewa kowane harshe yana da nasa tsarin nahawu, nahawun kalmomi, da salon magana. Dole ne mai fassara ya yi amfani da tsarin da ya dace da sabon harshen.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai tambayi ɗalibai abin da suka tuna game da darasin fassara na baya.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su ba da amsa game da abin da suka sani game da fassara.
Learning Point: Yana taimakawa wajen haɗa sabon darasi da tsohon.

Step 2: Presentation of Topic

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Narration
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gabatar da taken darasin na yau: “Ci gaba da ire-iren fassara.”
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su rubuta taken darasin.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su san abin da za su koya.

Step 3: Explanation of Types of Translation

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana rukunan fassara: naƙalta, harsuna biyu, da naƙaltar al’adu, tare da misalai.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su rubuta bayanan, kuma su yi tambayoyi.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su fahimci nau’ukan fassara.

Step 4: Practical Application of Translation Types

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai yi amfani da rubutun al’adu da na harsuna biyu don nuna banbance-banbancen rukunan fassara a aikace.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su lura da misalan da aka bayar kuma su shiga cikin muhawara.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su ga yadda ake amfani da rukunan fassara.

Step 5: Explanation of Stages of Translation

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai ci gaba da bayyana matakan fassara: daidaituwar saƙo da banbancin karin harshe, ya kuma ba da misalai.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su rubuta, kuma su fahimci matakan fassara.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai za su san matakan da ake bi wajen fassara.

Step 6: Practice Exercise

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Activity/Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai ba ɗalibai gajerun jimloli don su yi atisayen fassara, yana mai jaddada matakan da aka koya.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su yi aiki a kan atisayen fassara.
Learning Point: Yana ƙarfafa fahimtar ɗalibai game da darasin.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Menene naƙaltar fassara?
2. Ka ambaci rukunan fassara guda biyu.
3. Menene matakai biyu na fassara?
4. Ka bayyana matakin “daidaituwar saƙo” a takaice.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai taƙaita muhimman abubuwan darasin kuma ya ba da aikin gida.
Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su rubuta aikin gida.
Learning Point: Yana ƙarfafa abin da aka koya.

Lesson Keywords

• Fassara – Juya rubutu ko magana daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani.
• Naƙalta – Fassara kalma-kalma.
• Harsuna Biyu – Mutum mai iya magana da harsuna biyu.
• Al’adu – Dabi’u da al’adun wata al’umma.
• Daidaituwar Saƙo – Tabbatar da ma’anar asali ta kasance iri ɗaya.

Differentiation

Ga ɗalibai masu saurin fahimta, za a ba su ƙarin rubutun da za su fassara. Ga masu buƙatar ƙarin taimako, za a ba su gajerun jimloli masu sauƙi kuma a ba su jagoranci na musamman.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Malam ya tabbatar ya yi amfani da misalai masu sauƙi da kuma waɗanda suka dace da rayuwar ɗalibai don su fahimci darasin sosai. Ya kuma ƙarfafa ɗalibai su riƙa yin atisayen fassara a kullum.