Fassara a Aikace: Jawabi, Labari da Waƙa for SS 3

Class: SS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 7
Age: 14 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language
Curriculum Theme: Fassara a Aikace
Previous Lesson: Ƙa’idojin Rubutu: Kalmomi Masu Gaɓa Ɗaya
Topic: Fassara a aikace: Jawabi, Labari da Waƙa
Subject Matter: Fassara; Jawabi da labari; Fassara waƙa

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Bayyana ma’anar fassara.
• Gane bambancin fassarar jawabi, labari da waƙa.
• Faɗi ƙa’idojin fassara guda biyu.

Affective Domain

• Nuna sha’awar koyon fassara.
• Yarda da mahimmancin fassara a rayuwar yau da kullum.

Psychomotor Domain

• Fassara gajeren jawabi ko labari daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani.
• Gwada fassarar gajeren saƙo na waƙa.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 Revised 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• Littattafan Hausa da NECO/WASSCE suka amince da su.
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Littattafan Hausa na SS 3.
• Misalan gajerun jawabi ko labari a harshen Hausa da Ingilishi.
• Gajerun waƙoƙi a harsuna daban-daban.
• Allon rubutu da alli.

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da mahimmanci domin yana bai wa ɗalibai damar fahimtar yadda ake canja saƙo daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani ba tare da canza ma’ana ba. Yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka ƙwarewar harshe da sadarwa, tare da buɗe musu hanyoyin fahimtar al’adu daban-daban ta hanyar fassara.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ɗalibai sun riga sun san wasu kalmomi da jimla a harshen Hausa da Ingilishi, kuma suna da masaniya kan yadda ake gina jimla a harsunan biyu.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Fassara a Aikace: Jawabi, Labari da Waƙa

Ma’anar Fassara

Fassara ita ce canja saƙo ko rubutu daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani harshe, tare da tabbatar da cewa ma’anar asali ta kasance a tsaye. Harshen da aka fassara daga gare shi ana kiransa “harshen asali” (source language), yayin da harshen da aka fassara zuwa gare shi ake kira “harshen manufa” (target language).

Ka’idojin Fassara

Don fassara mai inganci, akwai wasu ka’idoji da ya kamata a bi:

1. Fahimtar Harshen Asali: Dole ne mai fassara ya fahimci harshen asali sosai, tare da sanin al’adunsa da salon maganarsa.
2. Fahimtar Harshen Manufa: Dole ne mai fassara ya kware a harshen manufa, ya san ƙa’idojin nahawunsa da yadda ake amfani da kalmomi.
3. Rike Ma’ana: Babban manufar fassara ita ce riƙe ma’anar asali. Kada a canza ko a rage ma’ana.
4. Salon Rubutu: A yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye salon rubutun asali gwargwadon iko, musamman a fassarar waƙa.
5. Zaɓin Kalmomi: A zaɓi kalmomin da suka dace kuma suka fi bayyana ma’anar asali a harshen manufa.

Fassarar Jawabi da Labari

Fassarar jawabi ko labari tana buƙatar mai fassara ya mai da hankali kan:

1. Ma’anar Jimla: Fassara jimla bayan jimla, ba kalma bayan kalma ba.
2. Salo da Murya: Idan jawabi ne, a yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye salon mai magana da kuma yanayin maganarsa.
3. Abubuwan Al’ada: Idan akwai maganganun al’ada ko karin magana, a nemo wanda ya dace a harshen manufa.
4. Tsari: A kiyaye tsarin labarin ko jawabin yadda yake a asali.

Misali na Fassarar Labari:

Harshen Asali (Ingilishi): “The boy went to the market to buy some food for his family.”

Harshen Manufa (Hausa): “Yaron ya je kasuwa don sayo abinci ga iyalinsa.”

Fassarar Waƙa

Fassarar waƙa tana da wahala fiye da fassarar jawabi ko labari saboda tana buƙatar riƙe:

1. Ma’ana: Ma’anar waƙar ta kasance a tsaye.
2. Salo da Tsarin Waƙa: Idan waƙar tana da fasali kamar saƙo, ajiyar kalmomi (rhyme), ko ma’auni (meter), a yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye su gwargwadon iko.
3. Jigogi da Hoto: A kiyaye jigogin waƙar da kuma hotunan da take zana a zuciyar mai karatu.
4. Ji da Murya: A yi ƙoƙarin isar da jin da waƙar take bayarwa a harshen asali.

Fassarar waƙa sau da yawa tana buƙatar ƙwarewa da fasaha ta musamman don kar a rasa kyawunta da ma’anarta.

Misali na Fassarar Waƙa:

Harshen Asali (Ingilishi):

“Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are.”

Harshen Manufa (Hausa):

“Haske, haske, ƙaramin tauraro,
Ina mamakin ko mene ne kai.”

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Tattaunawa, Bayani, Tambaya da Amsa, Aiki Gaba ɗaya, Aiki na Mutum ɗaya.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Gabatarwa

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Gabatarwa/Tambaya

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gaishe da ɗalibai sannan ya tambaye su ko sun taɓa jin kalmar “fassara” ko kuma sun taɓa fassara wani abu daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani. Zai kuma yi musu gajeren bayani kan abin da za su koya a darasin.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su amsa gaisuwar malami kuma su ba da amsoshin tambayoyinsa game da fassara.

Learning Point: Tunawa da fassarar kalmomi

Step 2: Ma’anar Fassara

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Bayani/Tattaunawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana ma’anar fassara dalla-dalla, tare da ba da misalai na yadda ake fassara kalmomi da jimla daga Hausa zuwa Ingilishi da akasin haka. Zai kuma bayyana “harshen asali” da “harshen manufa”.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara da kyau, su yi tambayoyi don ƙarin fahimta, kuma su ba da nasu misalan fassara.

Learning Point: Ma’anar fassara

Step 3: Ka’idojin Fassara

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Bayani/Jerantawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai jero kuma ya bayyana muhimman ka’idojin fassara, kamar fahimtar harsunan biyu, riƙe ma’ana, da kuma zaɓin kalmomi masu dacewa. Zai jaddada mahimmancin bin waɗannan ka’idoji don samun fassara mai inganci.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su rubuta ka’idojin, kuma su yi ƙoƙarin fahimtar kowace ka’ida.

Learning Point: Ka’idojin fassara

Step 4: Fassarar Jawabi da Labari (Gabatarwa)

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Misali/Aiki

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gabatar da fassarar jawabi da labari. Zai karanta gajeren jawabi ko labari a harshen Ingilishi sannan ya fassara shi zuwa Hausa a gaban ɗalibai, yana mai nuna yadda ake riƙe ma’ana da salon rubutu.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su lura da yadda malami ke fassara, kuma su yi ƙoƙarin gane dabarun da ya yi amfani da su.

Learning Point: Fahimtar fassarar labari

Step 5: Fassarar Jawabi da Labari (Aiki)

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Jagoranci/Aiki na Mutum ɗaya

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai raba gajerun labarai ko jawabi guda ɗaya ko biyu a harshen Ingilishi ga ɗalibai, sannan ya jagorance su su fassara su zuwa Hausa a cikin littattafansu na aji.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su yi ƙoƙarin fassara gajerun labaran da aka ba su, suna amfani da ka’idojin da aka koya.

Learning Point: Aiwatar da fassarar labari

Step 6: Fassarar Waƙa

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Bayani/Bambanci

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana yadda fassarar waƙa ta bambanta da fassarar jawabi ko labari saboda tana buƙatar riƙe saƙo, ajiyar kalmomi, da kuma ji. Zai ba da misalin gajeren waƙa a Ingilishi da fassararta a Hausa.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su fahimci ƙalubalen fassarar waƙa, kuma su lura da misalan da aka bayar.

Learning Point: Fassara waƙa

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Mene ne ma’anar fassara?
2. Faɗi ka’idojin fassara guda biyu.
3. Wane bambanci ke tsakanin fassarar labari da fassarar waƙa?
4. Fassara wannan jimla zuwa Hausa: “The sun rises in the east.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Fahimtar fassara da aikace-aikacenta

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai jagoranci ɗalibai su rubuta muhimman bayanan darasin (Board Summary) a cikin littattafansu.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su rubuta bayanan darasin a hankali a cikin littattafansu.

Learning Point: Rubuta bayanan darasi

Step 9: Kammalawa

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Kammalawa/Ƙarfafawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai ƙarfafa ɗalibai su ci gaba da yin aikin fassara a gida, kuma ya sake jaddada mahimmancin fassara a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum da kuma ilimi. Zai kuma amsa duk wata tambaya ta ƙarshe.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara kuma su yi tambayoyin ƙarshe idan suna da su.

Learning Point: Ƙarfafa fassarar harshe

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: Yi fassarar waɗannan rubuce-rubucen daga Ingilishi zuwa Hausa a cikin littattafanku na aikin gida:

1. Jawabi: “Good morning, everyone. Today, we will discuss the importance of education for national development.”
2. Labari: “Once upon a time, there was a wise old man who lived in a small village. He was known for his wisdom and kindness.”
3. Waƙa: “Rain, rain, go away,
   Come again another day.”

Lesson Keywords

• Fassara – Canja saƙo daga harshe ɗaya zuwa wani.
• Harshen Asali – Harshen da aka fara rubuta saƙo a ciki.
• Harshen Manufa – Harshen da ake fassara saƙo zuwa gare shi.
• Jawabi – Magana da aka shirya don faɗa a gaban jama’a.
• Labari – Bayanin wani abu da ya faru ko aka ƙirƙira.
• Waƙa – Rubutu mai saƙo, ajiyar kalmomi, da ji.

Differentiation

Ga ɗalibai masu saurin fahimta, malami zai iya ba su ƙarin gajerun rubuce-rubuce masu ɗan wahala don fassarawa. Ga ɗalibai masu rauni, malami zai ba su gajerun kalmomi ko jimla masu sauƙi, kuma ya ba su ƙarin jagoranci yayin aikin fassara.

Suggested Lesson Videos

YouTube search for “fassara a aikace hausa language ss3”

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Malam ya kamata ya shirya misalai daban-daban na jawabi, labari, da waƙoƙi a harsunan Hausa da Ingilishi kafin darasin. Ya fara da gabatar da ma’anar fassara da ka’idojinta, sannan ya ci gaba da fassarar jawabi da labari, yana mai ba da misalai masu sauƙi da kuma ba ɗalibai damar yin aiki. Bayan haka, ya gabatar da fassarar waƙa, yana mai jaddada bambancin ta da sauran nau’ukan fassara. Yana da muhimmanci a ba ɗalibai damar yin tambayoyi da kuma shiga cikin tattaunawa. A ƙarshen darasin, malami ya tantance fahimtar ɗalibai ta hanyar tambayoyi, sannan ya jagorance su wajen rubuta bayanan darasi daga allon rubutu.