Floatation of Water for Primary 2

Class: Primary Two
Term: Third Term
Subject: Basic Science adn Technology
Curriculum theme: Basic Science
Previous Lesson: Uses of Water
Topic: Water (Floatation)
Content/Learning Area: What is Density?, How Density Affects Floatation, Examples of Things That Float on water, Examples of Things That Sink in water
Time Allocation: 40 minutes

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Cognitive Domain:

1. identify items that float on water.
2. Identify items that sink in water.
3. Explain why some items float and others sink.
4.Define density and explain its relationship to floatation.

• Affective Domain:

1. Show interest in exploring the concept of floatation.

• Psychomotor Domain:

1. Conduct simple experiments to observe floatation.

• Social Domain:

1. Participate actively in group discussions and activities.

Reference Materials

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of Work
• NAPPS National unified Scheme of work
• Online Data
• Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will use the following materials:

• A container of water
• Various objects (e.g., wood, stone, plastic ball, metal spoon, leaf, paper boat, apple, coin, ceramic bowl, glass marble)
• Whiteboard or chart paper
• Markers

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding floatation is crucial for understanding basic physical properties and principles. This lesson provides a foundation for future science lessons and helps pupils develop critical thinking skills through observation and experimentation.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

The teacher will start by asking pupils what they know about water. The teacher will then show a container of water and ask pupils to predict what will happen when diffrent objects are placed in the water. This will spark curiosity and lead into the lesson on floatation.

lesson Content

Water (Floatation)

Floatation is an object’s ability to stay on water’s surface without sinking. This happens because the object is lighter than the water it moves aside.

What is Density?

Density refers to how much mass is packed into a given space.The following are examples of density:

1. A large, fluffy pillow has low density.
2. A small, heavy rock has high density.
3. A feather has low density.
4. A metal weight has high density.

How density Affects Floatation

When an object enters water,it pushes some water aside. If the object is less dense than the water it moves, it floats. If it’s denser, it sinks.

Examples of Things that Float on Water

These include:

1. Wood: Wood is less dense than water, so it floats.
2. Leaf: A leaf is light and has a large surface area, helping it float.
3. Plastic ball: Plastic is generally less dense than water.
4. Paper boat: Paper is light and can be shaped to displace water effectively.
5. Apple: An apple has a lower density than water, making it float.
6. Empty plastic bottle: Air inside makes it less dense than water.
7. Cork: Cork is a lightweight material that floats easily.

Examples of things That Sink in Water

They are:

1. Stone: Rocks are dense and heavier than water.
2. Metal spoon: Metals are generally denser than water.
3. Coin: Coins are made of dense materials like copper or silver.
4. Ceramic bowl: Ceramic is denser than water.
5. Glass marble: Glass is denser than water.
6. Iron nail: Iron is a dense metal that sinks.
7. Brick: Bricks are made of dense clay materials.

teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: Inquiry-based learning,Demonstration,Group work,Question and answer.

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction (Set Induction)

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: Review previous lesson on water properties. Introduce the concept of floatation using a captivating question or demonstration.
Pupils’ Activity: Respond to teacher’s questions and participate in the demonstration.

Step 2: Clarification of Key Concepts

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Explain the concept of density and its relationship to floatation using simple examples.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively and ask clarifying questions.

Step 3: Demonstration/Guided Practice

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Demonstrate which objects float and sink.Guide pupils in small groups to conduct their own experiments.
Pupils’ Activity: Observe the demonstration and participate in the experiment, recording their observations.

Step 4: Independent Practice

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Monitoring
Teacher’s Activity: supervise pupils as they work independently to test other objects.
Pupils’ Activity: Test additional objects and record their observations.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
teaching Skill: Note-taking
Teacher’s Activity: Guide pupils in summarizing key concepts and their observations.
Pupils’ Activity: Wriet down key points and their findings.

step 6: evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: Ask evaluation questions to assess understanding.
Pupils’ Activity: Answer the evaluation questions.

Objective-aligned checks:

1. identify items that float on water.
2. Identify items that sink in water.
3. Explain why some items float and others sink.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarizing
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize the key concepts of floatation and density, emphasizing the importance of observation and experimentation in science. Assign a short follow-up activity.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen to the summary and note the follow-up activity.

Lesson Keywords

• Floatation – The ability of an object to stay on the surface of water.
• Density – How much mass is packed into a space.
• Sink – To fall or drop below the surface of water.
• Buoyancy – The ability or tendency to float in water or air or some other fluid.
• Displacement – The quantity of water that is displaced by an object.

lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. Name three items that float on water.
2. What happens to a stone in water? Why?
3. Explain why a plastic ball floats but a metal spoon sinks.
4. Can you think of other objects that float or sink?
5. If you had a same-sized piece of wood and metal, which would float? Why?

Assignment/Homework

1. Find five objects at home and test whether they float or sink.
2. Write down your observations for each object.
3. Explain why you think each object floats or sinks based on what you learned in class.

Differentiation

• For slower learners: Provide one-on-one assistance and use simpler language.
• For advanced learners: Encourage them to explore additional concepts related to buoyancy and density.
• For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids, verbal explanations, and hands-on activities to cater to different learning styles.

Note for Teachers

Encourage pupils to explore and ask questions. Provide a supportive habitat for experimentation and observation. emphasize the importance of safety when working with water and objects.