Class: Primary 3
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 4
Age: 8 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Mathematics
Curriculum Theme: Mathematics
Previous Lesson: Identification and Reading of Clocks to Half, Hour in Time.
Topic: Time and Calendar
Subject Matter: Reading days of the week, Reading months of the year, Reading days of the week and months of the year

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Identify and name the seven days of the week.
Identify and name the twelve months of the year.
State the number of days in a week and the number of months in a year.
Recall the approximate number of days in each month.

Affective Domain:

Show interest in learning about time and the calendar.
Appreciate the importance of knowing days and months for daily planning.

Psychomotor Domain:

Write the days of the week in correct order.
Write the months of the year in correct order.

Participate actively in class discussions and activities.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Mathematics for Primary Schools, Book 3
https://www.education.gov.ng
https://www.waecdirect.org

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A wall calendar
A chart showing the days of the week
A chart showing the months of the year
Flashcards with names of days and months

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson enables pupils to understand how time is structured using days and months, which is important for their daily activities, scheduling, and understanding events in their lives. Knowing the calendar helps pupils to organize their time effectively.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can count numbers, identify basic numbers, and have a general idea of “today” and “tomorrow”.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Time and Calendar

Days of the Week

A week is a period of seven days. There are seven days in a week.

The seven days of the week are:

Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday

Months of the Year

A year is divided into twelve months. There are twelve months in a year.

The twelve months of the year are:

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

Number of Days in Each Month

The number of days in each month varies:

January: 31 days
February: 28 or 29 days (29 days in a leap year)
March: 31 days
April: 30 days
May: 31 days
June: 30 days
July: 31 days
August: 31 days
September: 30 days
October: 31 days
November: 30 days
December: 31 days

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils, checks their previous knowledge by asking about “today” and “tomorrow”, and introduces the topic of days and months.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings and questions, and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and understand the topic.

Step 2: Explanation of Days of the Week

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses a chart to show the seven days of the week, naming each one clearly and asking pupils to repeat after him/her. The teacher explains that there are seven days in every week.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the chart, repeat the names of the days, and listen to the explanation.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and name the days of the week.

Step 3: Activity on Days of the Week

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practice/Participation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks individual pupils to recite the days of the week in order and guides them to write the days in their notebooks.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils recite the days of the week orally and write them down in their exercise books.
Learning Point: Pupils practice recalling and writing the days of the week.

Step 4: Explanation of Months of the Year

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses a calendar and a chart to show the twelve months of the year, naming each one and asking pupils to repeat. The teacher explains that there are twelve months in every year.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the calendar and chart, repeat the names of the months, and listen.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and name the months of the year.

Step 5: Activity on Months of the Year

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practice/Participation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks individual pupils to recite the months of the year in order and guides them to write the months in their notebooks.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils recite the months of the year orally and write them down in their exercise books.
Learning Point: Pupils practice recalling and writing the months of the year.

Step 6: Discussion on Number of Days in Each Month

Time: 4 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains that not all months have the same number of days, highlighting months with 30, 31, and 28/29 days using the calendar as a visual aid.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the calendar and listen to the explanation about the varying number of days in each month.
Learning Point: Pupils understand that months have different numbers of days.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

List the seven days of the week.
How many months are there in a year?
Name any four months of the year.
How many days are in February?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson by reiterating the days of the week and months of the year. The teacher gives homework which includes writing down the names of the days and months.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the homework.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their learning and prepare for further practice.

Home Task: Solve three new exercises on Time and Calendar. Show each step and check each answer.

Lesson Keywords

Day – A period of 24 hours.
Week – A period of seven days.
Month – One of the twelve divisions of a year.
Year – A period of twelve months.
Calendar – A chart or series of pages showing the days, weeks, and months of a particular year.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp the concepts quickly, the teacher can ask them to identify the month of their birthday or other important events. For pupils needing more support, the teacher will provide flashcards for matching and repeated oral drills of the days and months.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure that the charts and calendar are clear and visible to all pupils. Encourage active participation through repetition and simple questions. Use real-life examples to make the concept of time and calendar relatable to the pupils’ experiences.