Class: Primary 1
Term: Second Term
Week: 3
Age: 6 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Mathematics
Curriculum Theme: Mathematics
Previous Lesson: Money, the Concept of Kobo. Simple Addition of Money.
Topic: Money
Subject Matter: Shopping: buying and selling and the concept and receiving change, Simple word problems involving money

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Identify different Nigerian currency notes and coins.
Understand the concepts of buying and selling.
Solve simple word problems involving addition and subtraction of money.

Affective Domain:

Show interest in learning about money.
Participate actively in the shopping corner activity.
Appreciate the importance of money in daily life.

Psychomotor Domain:

Handle different denominations of Nigerian currency.
Demonstrate buying items and giving/receiving change correctly.
Set up a simple shopping corner.

Work cooperatively in groups during shopping activities.
Interact respectfully as buyers and sellers.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
New General Mathematics for Primary 1

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Real or play Nigerian currency (coins and notes like ₦5, ₦10, ₦20, ₦50, ₦100)
Various small items for sale (e.g., pencils, erasers, sweets, biscuits) with price tags
Tables and chairs to set up a shopping corner

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding money is important for pupils to learn how to manage finances in everyday life. This lesson helps them to recognize currency, practice buying and selling, and calculate change, which are essential skills for daily transactions.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can count numbers up to 100 and have a basic understanding of addition and subtraction.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Money

What is Money?

Money is anything we use to buy things or pay for services. It helps us exchange goods.

Nigerian Currency

The money used in Nigeria is called Naira and Kobo.

Coins: ₦1, ₦2, ₦5, ₦10
Notes: ₦5, ₦10, ₦20, ₦50, ₦100

Buying and Selling (Shopping)

Buying: When you give money to get something.
Selling: When you give something to get money.

Receiving Change

Change is the money you get back when you pay more than the cost of an item.

Example:

If a sweet costs ₦10 and you pay with a ₦20 note.

Change = Money paid – Cost of item

Change = ₦20 – ₦10 = ₦10

Simple Word Problems on Money

Example 1:

A pencil costs ₦20. A ruler costs ₦30. How much do you pay for both?

Step 1: Identify the cost of each item.

Pencil = ₦20

Ruler = ₦30

Step 2: Add the costs together.

Total cost = ₦20 + ₦30 = ₦50

You pay ₦50 for both.

Example 2:

A biscuit costs ₦15. You pay with a ₦50 note. How much change will you get?

Step 1: Identify money paid and cost of item.

Money paid = ₦50

Cost of biscuit = ₦15

Step 2: Subtract the cost from the money paid.

Change = ₦50 – ₦15 = ₦35

You will get ₦35 change.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids, Practical Activity

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and reviews the previous lesson briefly. The teacher then asks pupils if they have ever gone to the market or shop with their parents and what they use to buy things. The teacher introduces the topic “Money”.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, recall the previous lesson, and share their experiences about shopping.
Learning Point: Pupils are introduced to the concept of money and its use in daily life.

Step 2: Identifying Nigerian Currency

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Identification
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays different Nigerian currency notes and coins (e.g., ₦5, ₦10, ₦20, ₦50, ₦100 notes and ₦1, ₦2, ₦5, ₦10 coins). The teacher helps pupils identify and name each denomination.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the currency and identify the different notes and coins as called out by the teacher.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify various Nigerian currency notes and coins.

Step 3: Setting up a Shopping Corner

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practical Application/Organisation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides the pupils to set up a simple “shopping corner” in the classroom using tables and chairs. The teacher helps to arrange various items with price tags for sale.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils help in setting up the shopping corner and arranging the items.
Learning Point: Pupils learn to set up a practical simulation for buying and selling.

Step 4: Demonstrating Buying and Selling

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to buy an item from the shopping corner, paying with money and receiving change. The teacher explains the roles of the buyer and the seller.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe carefully how the teacher acts as a buyer and seller, paying attention to the exchange of money and items.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the process of buying and selling.

Step 5: Practicing Buying and Selling with Change

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Group Activity/Role-play
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher divides pupils into small groups and assigns roles as buyers and sellers. The teacher provides each group with play money and guides them to practice buying and selling different items and giving/receiving change.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils take turns acting as buyers and sellers, practicing the exchange of money and items, and calculating change within their groups.
Learning Point: Pupils gain practical experience in buying, selling, and handling change.

Step 6: Simple Word Problems

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Problem Solving/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher writes and explains simple word problems involving money on the board, similar to the examples in the board summary. The teacher guides pupils to solve them step-by-step.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the problems, participate in solving them, and copy the examples into their notebooks.
Learning Point: Pupils learn to solve basic word problems related to money.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What is money?
Mention two Nigerian currency notes.
If you buy a sweet for ₦10 and pay with ₦20, how much change will you get?
What is the difference between buying and selling?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson by reminding pupils about the importance of money and how to use it for buying and selling. The teacher assigns homework for pupils to identify different coins and notes at home.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and note down the homework.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their understanding of money and its practical applications.

Home Task: Solve two new exercises on Money. Show each step and check each answer.

Lesson Keywords

Money – What we use to buy things.
Currency – The type of money used in a country (e.g., Naira in Nigeria).
Naira – The main unit of Nigerian money.
Kobo – A smaller unit of Nigerian money.
Buy – To get something by paying money.
Sell – To give something away to get money.
Change – The money you get back when you pay more than the cost of an item.
Shop – A place where you buy things.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can give more complex word problems or ask them to act as store managers. For pupils needing more support, the teacher will provide extra guidance during the shopping activity, pairing them with stronger peers, and simplifying the word problems.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Encourage active participation in the shopping corner. Use real money if possible, or clear replicas, to make the lesson more tangible. Emphasize the importance of counting money carefully and making correct change. Ensure the items and prices used are age-appropriate and within the pupils’ counting abilities.