Money N1-N30, Recognising Money and Buying Items for Pre-School Level 4

Class: Pre-School Level 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 10
Age: 5 years
Duration: 30 minutes
Subject: Numeracy
Curriculum Theme: Numeracy
Previous Lesson: Counting and identifying numbers up to 30.
Topic: Money N1-N30: Recognising Money and Buying Items
Subject Matter: Money: N1 – N30. Weekly focus: Money N1-N30: Recognising Money and Buying Items.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify Nigerian currency denominations from N1 to N30 (N1, N5, N10, N20).
• State simple uses of money.
• Recognise items that can be bought with money.

Affective Domain

• Show interest in learning about money.
• Participate actively in the classroom shopping activity.
• Appreciate the value of money.

Psychomotor Domain

• Handle play money and shop items appropriately.
• Role-play buying and selling items in a classroom shop.
• Demonstrate how to give and receive simple change (e.g., N5 change from N10).

Social Domain

• Take turns during the shopping role-play.
• Interact politely with peers during the activity.

Reference Materials

• NAPPS National Unified Teaching Scheme for Pre-School Level 4.
• Early Childhood Care and Education Numeracy resources.
• Age-appropriate storybooks about money and shopping.

Instructional Materials

• Real Nigerian currency notes/coins (N1, N5, N10, N20).
• Play money (N1, N5, N10, N20 notes/coins).
• Charts showing different Nigerian currency denominations.
• Flashcards with pictures of N1, N5, N10, N20.
• Various small shop items (e.g., biscuits, sweets, pencils, small toys, fruits).
• Price tags for each shop item (prices ranging from N1 to N30).
• A small table or corner set up as a classroom shop.

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding money is a fundamental life skill that children begin to grasp at an early age. This lesson introduces Pre-School Level 4 pupils to Nigerian currency, its recognition, and its practical use in buying and selling. It helps them develop early numeracy skills, problem-solving, and social interaction through a fun and practical shopping experience, preparing them for real-world financial literacy.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can count numbers up to 30, recognise numbers, and understand basic concepts of more and less.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Money N1-N30: Recognising Money and Buying Items

What is Money?

Money is what we use to buy things we need and want, like food, clothes, toys, and school supplies. It comes in different forms like notes (paper money) and coins (metal money).

Uses of Money:

• To buy food (rice, beans, bread, fruits).
• To buy clothes and shoes.
• To buy toys and books.
• To pay for transport (like a bus or Keke NAPEP).
• To pay for services (like a barber or hairdresser).

Nigerian Money (Naira): N1 – N30

We use Naira and Kobo in Nigeria. Today, we will learn about Naira notes and coins from N1 to N30.

• N1 (One Naira): A small coin.
• N5 (Five Naira): A coin or a small note.
• N10 (Ten Naira): A coin or a note.
• N20 (Twenty Naira): A note.

We can combine these to make other amounts:

• N25 = N20 + N5
• N30 = N20 + N10 or N10 + N10 + N10

Buying and Selling:

• When you give money to get something, you are buying.
• When someone takes money and gives you something, they are selling.
• The shop is where we buy things.

What is Change?

Sometimes, when you buy something, you give more money than the item costs. The extra money you get back is called change.

• Example: If a biscuit costs N5 and you give N10, you get N5 back as change.

Key Words

• Money – What we use to buy things.
• Naira – Nigerian money.
• Buy – To get something by giving money.
• Sell – To give something and take money for it.
• Change – The extra money you get back after buying something.

What the Teacher Should Show or Draw

Display real Nigerian currency (N1, N5, N10, N20 notes and coins) and large flashcards/charts of each. Set up a simple classroom shop with various items and clear price tags (N1-N30).

Money Song

Tune: “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”

Lyrics:
Money, money, everywhere,
Helps us buy things, here and there.
Naira notes and coins so bright,
Buying treats, a happy sight.
Money, money, here we go,
Learning how our money grows!

Actions: Point around the room for “everywhere”, pretend to count money, make a happy face, pretend to hold notes and coins, make a walking motion for “here we go”, make hands go up for “money grows”.

How to use the rhyme: Sing this song at the beginning of the lesson and before the shopping activity to get pupils excited about money and its uses.

Watch and Learn About Nigerian Money

The teacher will show a short video about Nigerian currency to help pupils recognise the different notes and coins visually.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-D5xLg-QW8

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Play-based Learning, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Songs and Rhymes, Picture Talk, Question and Answer, Role-play, Manipulation of Objects, Practical Activity, Repetition.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engagement/Recall

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils, leads them in a familiar counting song (e.g., counting to 30), and asks what they know about money. “Who has seen money before? What do we use money for?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, sing the counting song, and share their ideas about money.

Learning Point: Pupils recall prior knowledge and get ready for the lesson.

Step 2: Meaning and Uses of Money

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Discussion

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what money is and why it is important using simple language and showing real money. “Money helps us buy things we need, like food, clothes, and toys. We also use it to pay for things like going to school or riding a bus.” The teacher sings the “Money Song” with actions.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, repeat simple phrases about money, and sing along with the song and actions.

Learning Point: Pupils understand the basic concept and uses of money.

Step 3: Recognising N1-N30 Denominations

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Identification

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays real Nigerian currency (N1, N5, N10, N20 notes and coins) and large flashcards/charts. The teacher names each denomination clearly, describes its features (colour, size), and asks pupils to identify them. “This is N1, this is N5,” etc. The teacher also shows how N25 (N20+N5) and N30 (N20+N10) can be formed.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the money, listen to the names, point to the correct denominations when called, and repeat the names of the notes and coins.

Learning Point: Pupils recognise and name Nigerian currency denominations from N1 to N20 and understand simple combinations up to N30.

Step 4: Setting Up the Classroom Shop

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Organisation/Instruction

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces the classroom shop setup, explaining that it’s a place to “buy and sell.” The teacher shows the items with their price tags (prices from N1 to N30) and explains that each item has a cost. “This biscuit costs N5, this pencil costs N10.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the shop, identify the items, and listen to the teacher explain the prices.

Learning Point: Pupils understand the concept of a shop and that items have prices.

Step 5: Role-Play Buying (Simple)

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice/Role-play

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides a few pupils to role-play buying items that do not require change (e.g., buying an N5 item with an N5 coin, or an N10 item with an N10 note). The teacher acts as the shopkeeper first, then selects a pupil to be the shopkeeper. “Who wants to buy a biscuit for N5? Here is N5, give it to the shopkeeper.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils take turns to be buyers and sellers, practicing giving and receiving money for items without change.

Learning Point: Pupils practice the act of buying and selling using the correct amount of money.

Step 6: Role-Play Buying (with Simple Change)

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Problem-solving/Application

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to role-play buying items that require simple change. “This sweet costs N5, but you have N10. How much change will you get back?” The teacher demonstrates giving the correct change (e.g., N5). The teacher facilitates a few more simple transactions (e.g., N20 for an N10 item, change N10).

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in buying and selling scenarios, practicing giving and receiving simple change with teacher guidance.

Learning Point: Pupils begin to understand and demonstrate the concept of receiving change.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher checks pupils’ understanding through short questions and practical tasks.

1. “What is this money called?” (Showing N10 note).
2. “What can you buy with money?”
3. “If a pencil costs N5, and you give me N10, how much change should I give you?”
4. “Who can show me the N20 note?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally and demonstrate the required skill where appropriate (e.g., pointing to money, stating uses, or showing change).

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute

Teaching Skill: Summarisation/Closure

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher praises the pupils for their participation and summarises that money helps us get the things we need. The teacher leads the class in singing the “Money Song” one last time.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, sing along, and prepare for the next activity.

Learning Point: Pupils reinforce their learning and end the lesson on a positive note.

Lesson Keywords

• Money – The coins and notes we use to buy things.
• Naira – The name of Nigeria’s money.
• Buy – To get something from a shop by giving money.
• Sell – To give something to a customer and take money for it.
• Change – The money you get back when you pay more than the item costs.

Differentiation

• Support: For pupils struggling with money recognition, use only N5 and N10 notes/coins initially. Provide larger, clearer pictures. Offer one-on-one guidance during role-play, physically guiding their hands to give and receive money. Repeat the names of denominations frequently.
• Extension: For pupils who quickly grasp the concept, challenge them to identify combinations of notes/coins to make N25 or N30. Ask them to identify two items they could buy with N20 or calculate change for slightly more complex scenarios within the N30 range (e.g., N30 for an N15 item).

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have a good supply of real Nigerian currency (N1, N5, N10, N20 coins/notes) and plenty of play money for the pupils. Set up the classroom shop with clearly labelled price tags (ranging from N1 to N30) beforehand. The key idea for children to grasp is that money has value and is used to exchange for goods. When teaching change, keep it very simple, focusing on scenarios where the change amount is one of the denominations they already recognise (e.g., N10 – N5 = N5 change, N20 – N10 = N10 change). Encourage all pupils to participate in the role-play, even if they are shy, by pairing them with a more confident peer. Observe how pupils handle the money and interact in the shop to assess their understanding. Their ability to correctly give and receive money and identify the denominations shows their learning.