Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2 / SSS 2)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 1
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Building Construction
Curriculum Theme: Technical Drawing and Design
Previous Lesson: .
Topic: BUILDING DRAWING
Subject Matter: Meaning of BUILDING DRAWING (what building drawing is used for), Introduction to building drawing (basic overview)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define building drawing.
State at least three uses of building drawing.
Identify the main elevations of a building.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of building drawing in construction.
Show interest in learning how to interpret building plans.

Psychomotor Domain:

Sketch the front elevation of a simple bungalow.
Differentiate between front, side, and rear elevations.

Collaborate with peers in discussing aspects of building drawing.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Building Construction for Senior Secondary Schools by E. C. Okoro
https://www.example.com/building-drawing-basics
https://www.example.com/elevations-explained

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A prepared building plan of a bungalow
Pencils
Drawing paper
Eraser
Drawing instruments (ruler, set squares)

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand what building drawings are and why they are important in the construction industry. It enables them to recognize and begin to interpret different views of a building, which is a fundamental skill for anyone involved in building construction.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of shapes and lines and may have seen simple house plans before.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

BUILDING DRAWING

Meaning of Building Drawing

Building drawing is a technical drawing that shows the detailed design of a proposed building. It includes all necessary information required for the construction of the building, such as dimensions, materials, and structural elements.

Uses of Building Drawing

The following are uses of building drawing:

It serves as a guide for builders and contractors during construction.
It helps in obtaining approval from regulatory authorities.
It allows clients to visualize the proposed building before construction begins.
It facilitates accurate cost estimation and material procurement.
It records the details of the building for future reference or modifications.

Introduction to Building Drawing: Elevations

Elevations are orthographic projections that show the exterior views of a building from different sides. They provide information about the height, shape, materials, and features of the building’s facade.

Front Elevation: This view shows the building as seen from the main entrance or street side. It typically includes the main door, windows, roof shape, and other architectural features visible from the front.
Side Elevation: This view shows the building as seen from either the left or right side. It illustrates the side walls, windows, doors (if any on the side), and the roof profile from that angle.
Rear Elevation: This view shows the building as seen from the back. It includes any features located at the rear, such as back doors, windows, and extensions.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them what they think a builder uses to construct a house. The teacher then introduces the topic “Building Drawing.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the question and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are introduced to the lesson topic.

Step 2: Meaning of Building Drawing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of building drawing, emphasizing it as a technical guide for construction, and writes it on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and copy the definition into their notebooks.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the definition of building drawing.

Step 3: Uses of Building Drawing

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Listing
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses the various uses of building drawing, such as guiding construction, obtaining approval, and visualizing the design. The teacher lists these uses on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils contribute to the discussion and copy the uses of building drawing into their notes.
Learning Point: Pupils identify the importance and applications of building drawing.

Step 4: Introduction to Elevations

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses a building plan to introduce the concept of elevations, pointing out the front, side, and rear elevations of a bungalow and explaining what each view represents. The teacher explains the concept of orthographic projection.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the building plan and listen to the teacher’s explanation, asking questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what elevations are and can identify different types of elevations.

Step 5: Demonstration of Drawing Elevations

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates on the board or a large drawing sheet how to sketch a simple front elevation of a basic structure, showing how to represent doors, windows, and roof lines.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the teacher’s demonstration carefully, noting the steps involved.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the basic technique for sketching elevations.

Step 6: Guided Practice

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practical Application
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher provides pupils with a simple sketch plan of a bungalow and guides them to attempt drawing its front elevation on their drawing paper.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice drawing the front elevation under the teacher’s supervision.
Learning Point: Pupils apply their understanding by attempting to draw an elevation.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define building drawing.
State three uses of building drawing.
Describe what a front elevation shows.
Mention the three main elevations of a building.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson by reiterating the importance of building drawing and elevations in construction. The teacher assigns homework for pupils to draw the front and side elevations of their own house.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the homework.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their learning and prepare for further practice.

Lesson Keywords

Building Drawing – A technical drawing showing the design and details of a building.
Elevation – An orthographic projection showing the exterior view of a building from a specific side.
Front Elevation – The view of a building as seen from the main entrance or street.
Side Elevation – The view of a building as seen from its left or right side.
Rear Elevation – The view of a building as seen from its back.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can encourage them to identify more complex features on the building plan or attempt drawing a side elevation. For those who need more support, the teacher will provide closer guidance during the drawing activity, focusing on basic shapes and lines for the front elevation.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure you have a clear, easy-to-understand building plan to demonstrate the elevations. Encourage pupils to use basic drawing instruments for neatness even in their initial sketches. Emphasize that accuracy is key in building drawing, even at this introductory stage.