Class: Primary 5
Term: 3rd Term
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Physical And health Education
Previous Lesson: Meaning Of Signs And Symptoms Of Diseases
Topic: Types of Disease
Content/Learning Area: Types of disease: Communicable diseases and Non-communicable diseases

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain: Explain the meaning of communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Affective Domain: Show concern about spreading diseases and personal hygiene.
Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate ways of preventing communicable diseases.
Social Domain: Collaborate in group discussions on how diseases can spread and be prevented.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of work
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
Online Data from: Physiopedia – Communicable Diseases
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will employ the help of the following materials:

Flashcards with disease names
Pictures showing disease symptoms
Chart comparing communicable and non-communicable diseases
Video clip showing how germs spread
Whiteboard and markers

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding types of diseases helps pupils learn how to stay healthy and stop the spread of sickness in their schools and homes.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils already know some common sicknesses and have seen others sneeze or cough in public spaces.

Lesson Content

Types of Disease

1. Communicable (Infectious) Diseases

Communicable diseases are caused by infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites. They can spread in different ways: through droplets in the air, contaminated food or water, body fluids, direct contact, or through vectors such as mosquitoes.

Measles and tuberculosis can spread through respiratory droplets or the air.
Cholera and typhoid can spread through contaminated food or water.
Malaria is spread by infected Anopheles mosquitoes and is not spread by ordinary person-to-person contact.
COVID-19 and chickenpox are other examples of communicable diseases.

2. Non-Communicable Diseases

Non-communicable diseases do not spread from one person to another. They may be related to inherited conditions, changes in how the body works, environmental factors or long-term behaviours. Examples include asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, sickle-cell disease, heart disease and arthritis.

Different diseases require different prevention and treatment. Pupils should follow healthy habits, avoid stigma, and seek advice from qualified health professionals instead of guessing a diagnosis or treatment.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: Discussion, lecture, storytelling, explanation, visual aids, group work

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Tells a story about two pupils, one coughing and the other using an inhaler
Pupils’ Activity: Listen and share what they think is wrong with each pupil

Step 2: Meaning of Communicable Diseases

Time: 7 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Explains what communicable diseases are and gives examples using flashcards
Pupils’ Activity: Observe flashcards and listen attentively

Step 3: Meaning of non-Communicable Diseases

Time: 7 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Explains non-communicable diseases and shows images of examples
Pupils’ Activity: Look at images and ask questions

Step 4: Differences Between the Two

Time: 6 mins
Teaching Skill: Comparison
Teacher’s Activity: Uses chart to explain the differences clearly and asks pupils to mention more
Pupils’ Activity: Compare and list differences with the teacher

Step 5: ways to Prevent Diseases

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Presentation
Teacher’s Activity: Shows how to wash hands and discusses good habits to prevent diseases
Pupils’ Activity: Join the teacher in hand-washing and suggest other safety practices

Step 6: Note-Taking

Time: 2 mins
Teaching Skill: Writing
Teacher’s Activity: Guides pupils to copy short notes into their books
Pupils’ Activity: Copy notes neatly

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: Asks oral questions and checks pupils’ understanding through group questions
Pupils’ activity: Answer questions and participate in review

Objective-aligned checks:

Explain the meaning of communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Show concern about spreading diseases and personal hygiene.
Demonstrate ways of preventing communicable diseases.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 mins
Teaching Skill: Instructional/Cognitive/Social
Teacher’s Activity: Recaps lesson, praises good participation, and encourages healthy habits
Pupils’ Activity: listen, ask final questions, and share what they learned

Lesson Keywords

Disease – Sickness that affects the body
Communicable – A disease that can spread
Non-communicable – A disease that does not spread
Germ – Tiny living thing that causes sickness
Hygiene – Keeping clean to stay healthy

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

What is a communicable disease?
what is a non-communicable disease?
mention three communicable diseases.
Mention two non-communicable diseases.
Show how to wash hands properly.

Assignment/Homework

(No Assignment/Homework was provided in the attached lesson note)

Differentiation

For slower learners: Teacher will support slow learners with simpler explanations and use visuals
For advanced learners: Fast learners will be asked to lead group discussions.
For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids, auditory explanations, and hands-on activities to cater to different learning styles.

Note for Teachers

Ensure pupils participate actively in class discussions and demonstrations, especially during hygiene practices. Encourage group interaction for better understanding.

Types Of Disease for Primary 5