Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS1, JSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 9
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Sub Theme: Concept Of Living And Non Living Things
Previous Lesson: Meaning of Nutrition and Balanced Diet, Classes of Food with Examples and an Adequate Home Diet in Family Health
Topic: Family Health: Drug
Subject Matter: Meaning of Drug, Drug and Substance Abuse, Addiction and Misuse, Examples and Sources of Drugs, Uses and Side Effects of Drugs

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Define drug and explain its meaning.
(b) Identify examples and sources of drugs.
(c) State the uses and side effects of drugs.
Affective Domain:
(a) Develop a positive attitude towards proper use of drugs.
(b) Show concern for the dangers of drug abuse and misuse.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Demonstrate how to handle drugs correctly using samples.
(b) Participate in group activities to classify drugs into useful and harmful ones.
Social Domain:
(a) Work in groups to discuss the consequences of drug misuse.
(b) Share knowledge about family health and safety concerning drugs.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary Schools
Online information from: Wikipedia – Drug
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Real drug samples (paracetamol, cough syrup, antibiotics)
Chart showing types and sources of drugs
Flashcards with keywords
Poster on dangers of drug abuse
Whiteboard/marker

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because pupils need to understand the meaning, uses, and dangers of drugs to make healthy choices and avoid drug abuse.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have seen or used common drugs such as paracetamol, cough syrup, or malaria tablets at home and are familiar with how drugs are used to treat sickness.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Family Health: Drug

A drug is any substance taken into the body to prevent, cure, or treat diseases. Drugs can be obtained from natural plants or produced in laboratories.

The following are examples of drugs:

Paracetamol – used to reduce pain and fever.
Chloroquine – used to treat malaria.
Ampicillin – used to treat bacterial infections.
Cough Syrup – used to relieve cough.

Drug and Substance Abuse

Drug abuse is the wrong use of drugs without medical advice or in excessive amounts. Substance abuse involves taking harmful substances like alcohol, tobacco, and hard drugs.

The following are dangers of drug abuse:

Damage to internal organs like the liver and kidney.
Poor performance in school and work.
Addiction and loss of self-control.
Mental illness or confusion.

Addiction and Misuse

Addiction is when a person cannot stop using a drug even when it is harmful. Drug misuse is when a drug is taken wrongly, such as taking the wrong dosage or using another person’s prescription.

The following are consequences of drug misuse and addiction:

Health complications.
Dependence on drugs.
Wastage of money.
Strained family and social relationships.

Examples and Sources of Drugs

Drugs can be obtained from natural or artificial sources.

Examples include:

Natural source – plants like aloe vera and ginger.
Artificial source – laboratory-made drugs like antibiotics and painkillers.
Pharmacies – where licensed medicines are sold.
Hospitals – where drugs are prescribed by doctors.

Uses and Side Effects of Drugs

Drugs are useful when taken correctly, but they can have side effects.

The following are uses of drugs:

To cure diseases.
To relieve pain.
To prevent infections.
To control health conditions like diabetes.

The following are side effects of drugs:

Drowsiness.
Headache or nausea.
Stomach upset.
Allergic reactions like rashes.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Discussion, Lecture, Storytelling, Explanation, Demonstration, Group Work, Questioning, Use of Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher narrates a short story about a child who took too much cough syrup and became sick. Teacher asks pupils if they have seen or used drugs before.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and respond by sharing experiences.
Learning Point: Pupils become interested in the topic and connect to prior knowledge.

Step 2: Meaning of Drug

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines a drug, explains its meaning, and shows samples of common drugs.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and write down the meaning of drug.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what a drug is and identify examples.

Step 3: Drug and Substance Abuse

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains drug abuse and substance abuse using charts and posters, then lists dangers of drug abuse.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in discussion and give examples of substances abused in their environment.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the dangers of abusing drugs and substances.

Step 4: Addiction, Misuse, and Sources of Drugs

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation and Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains drug misuse and addiction, then discusses natural and artificial sources of drugs.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes and identify examples of drug sources.
Learning Point: Pupils learn about misuse, addiction, and where drugs come from.

Step 5: Uses and Side Effects of Drugs

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents uses of drugs and explains common side effects.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and copy the uses and side effects of drugs.
Learning Point: Pupils understand both the benefits and risks of drugs.

Step 6: Note-Taking

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Supervision
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher dictates and writes summary points on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes neatly into their exercise books.
Learning Point: Pupils have a written record of key concepts.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What is a drug?
Mention three examples of drugs.
What is drug abuse?
State two dangers of drug abuse.
Mention two sources of drugs.
What are two side effects of drugs?
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer questions orally.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate their understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson, corrects misconceptions, and advises pupils to use drugs only as prescribed by doctors.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively.
Learning Point: Pupils are reminded of the importance of proper drug use.

Home Task: Record two correct examples of Family Health: Drug from the lesson or home environment and explain each in your own words.

Lesson Keywords

Drug – a substance used to cure or prevent illness.
Abuse – wrong or harmful use of something.
Addiction – inability to stop using a drug.
Misuse – using a drug wrongly or carelessly.
Side Effects – unwanted reactions from using a drug.

Differentiation

The teacher will simplify explanations for slower learners, use visual aids for learners with difficulties, and give advanced pupils opportunities to explain examples in their own words.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Encourage pupils to share real-life experiences about drugs, but guide them to avoid glorifying drug abuse. Stress the importance of consulting health professionals before using drugs.