Yanayin furuci for JSS 2

Class: JSS 2
Term: First Term
Week: 2
Age: 13 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language
Topic: HARSHE
Subject Matter: Yanayin furuci. Misali; Laɓɓa: /b/, /b/, /m/; Hanƙa: /d/, /e/, /t/, /n/, ds
Previous Lesson: Ma’nar furuci da sunayen garaben furuci

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Fahimci ma’anar “Yanayin furuci” a harshen Hausa.
• Gane gabobin furuci da ake amfani da su wajen furta haruffa.
• Faɗi misalan haruffan da ake furtawa da laɓɓa.
• Faɗi misalan haruffan da ake furtawa da hanƙa.

Psychomotor Domain

• Furta haruffan da ake yi da laɓɓa daidai.
• Furta haruffan da ake yi da hanƙa daidai.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 Revised 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• Littafin Hausa na JSS 2
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Allon rubutu da alli/fensir
• Zane-zanen gabobin furuci (baki, harshe, leɓɓa, haƙora, da sauransu)
• Hotunan da ke nuna yadda baki ke motsi yayin furuci
• Misalan kalmomi da ke ɗauke da haruffan da za a koyar

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da muhimmanci domin yana taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci yadda ake furta kalmomin Hausa daidai. Ta hanyar sanin yanayin furuci, ɗalibai za su inganta lafazin su da kuma yadda suke sadarwa da harshen Hausa.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ɗalibai suna da masaniyar furta wasu haruffa na Hausa da kuma muhimmancin harshe a rayuwar yau da kullum.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

HARSHE

Yanayin Furuci

Yanayin furuci yana nufin yadda ake amfani da gabobin baki da na makogwaro wajen fitar da sauti ko haruffa a cikin harshe. Gabobin furuci sun haɗa da:

1. Laɓɓa (lips)
2. Hanƙa (tongue)
3. Haƙora (teeth)
4. Daga (palate)
5. Makogwaro (throat)
6. Hanci (nose)

Furuci ta Laɓɓa (Labial Sounds)

Waɗannan su ne haruffan da ake furtawa ta hanyar amfani da laɓɓa. Ana iya amfani da laɓɓa biyu ko kuma laɓɓa ɗaya da haƙora.

Misalai:

1. /b/ kamar a kalmar “baba”
2. /m/ kamar a kalmar “mama”

Furuci ta Hanƙa (Lingual Sounds)

Waɗannan su ne haruffan da ake furtawa ta hanyar amfani da hanƙa (harshe) tare da haɗin gwiwar wasu gabobin baki kamar haƙora ko daga.

Misalai:

1. /d/ kamar a kalmar “dodo”
2. /e/ kamar a kalmar “cewa” (sautin wasali ne da ake fitarwa ta amfani da hanƙa)
3. /t/ kamar a kalmar “tafi”
4. /n/ kamar a kalmar “nono”

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Bayani, Tattaunawa, Tambaya da Amsa, Nunawa, Aiki tare

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Gabatarwa/Tattaunawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai gaishe da ɗalibai, ya tambaye su abin da suka koya a darasin da ya gabata, sannan ya gabatar da sabon darasin na yau wato “Yanayin Furuci”.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su amsa gaisuwa, su tuna darasin da ya gabata, sannan su saurari gabatarwar sabon darasin.

Learning Point: Gabatarwar darasi

Step 2: Gabatar da Ma’anar Yanayin Furuci

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Bayani/Fahimtarwa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai yi bayanin ma’anar “Yanayin Furuci” da kuma muhimmancinsa a harshen Hausa. Zai kuma lissafa wasu gabobin furuci da ake amfani da su.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara da kyau, su yi tambayoyi idan ba su fahimta ba, sannan su maimaita ma’anar.

Learning Point: Ma’anar yanayin furuci

Step 3: Bayani kan Gabobin Furuci

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Nunawa/Fahimtarwa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai nuna zane-zanen gabobin furuci (kamar laɓɓa, hanƙa, haƙora, da sauransu) kuma ya yi bayanin yadda kowane gabo ke aiki wajen furta sauti.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su kalli zane-zanen, su gane gabobin, kuma su yi ƙoƙarin nuna su a jikin su.

Learning Point: Gabobin furuci

Step 4: Gabatar da Furuci ta Laɓɓa

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Nunawa/Aiki tare

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai gabatar da furucin da ake yi ta amfani da laɓɓa. Zai furta misalan haruffa kamar /b/ da /m/ kuma ya nuna yadda laɓɓa ke motsi.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su kalli yadda Malam/Malama ke furtawa, sannan su yi ƙoƙarin furtawa tare da shi/ita.

Learning Point: Furuci ta laɓɓa

Step 5: Aiki da Misalan Furuci ta Laɓɓa

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Aiki tare/Maimaitawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai rubuta kalmomi a kan allo da ke ɗauke da haruffan /b/ da /m/ kuma ya jagoranci ɗalibai wajen furta su daidai. Misali: “baba”, “mama”.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su maimaita kalmomin da aka rubuta a kan allo, suna mai da hankali kan furucin haruffan /b/ da /m/.

Learning Point: Furta haruffan laɓɓa

Step 6: Gabatar da Furuci ta Hanƙa

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Nunawa/Aiki tare

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai gabatar da furucin da ake yi ta amfani da hanƙa. Zai furta misalan haruffa kamar /d/, /e/, /t/, /n/ kuma ya nuna yadda hanƙa ke motsi.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurara, su kalli yadda Malam/Malama ke furtawa, sannan su yi ƙoƙarin furtawa tare da shi/ita.

Learning Point: Furuci ta hanƙa

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Menene ma’anar “Yanayin Furuci”?
2. Ka faɗi gabobin furuci guda biyu da ka sani.
3. Ka ba da misalin haruffa guda biyu da ake furtawa da laɓɓa.
4. Ka ba da misalin haruffa guda biyu da ake furtawa da hanƙa.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Fahimtar yanayin furuci

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai jagoranci ɗalibai su rubuta muhimman bayanai na darasin “Yanayin Furuci” daga allon rubutu zuwa littattafansu.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su rubuta bayanai a littattafansu da kyau.

Learning Point: Rubuta bayanan darasi

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Taƙaitawa

Teacher’s Activity: Malam/Malama zai taƙaita muhimman abubuwan da aka koya a darasin, ya gyara duk wata kuskure, kuma ya rufe darasin.

Pupils’ Activity: Ɗalibai za su saurari taƙaitawar darasin.

Learning Point: Ƙarfafa darasin

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: A rubuta kalmomi biyar (5) kowanne da ke ɗauke da haruffan da ake furtawa da laɓɓa da kuma hanƙa. Misali:

1. Kalmomi 5 da ke da /b/
2. Kalmomi 5 da ke da /m/
3. Kalmomi 5 da ke da /d/
4. Kalmomi 5 da ke da /t/
5. Kalmomi 5 da ke da /n/

Lesson Keywords

• Yanayin Furuci – Yadda ake amfani da gabobin baki wajen fitar da sauti.
• Laɓɓa – Sashen baki da ake amfani da shi wajen furta wasu haruffa.
• Hanƙa – Harshe; gabo a cikin baki da ke taimakawa wajen furuci.
• Gabobin Furuci – Sassan jiki da ake amfani da su wajen furta sauti.

Differentiation

Ga ɗalibai masu rauni, Malam/Malama zai yi amfani da ƙarin misalai da kuma aikin furuci na mutum-ɗaya. Ga ɗalibai masu saurin fahimta, za a iya ba su ƙarin kalmomi masu wahala don furtawa ko kuma a tambaye su su gano wasu haruffa da ake furtawa da sauran gabobin furuci.

Suggested Lesson Videos

Don ƙarin bayani, ɗalibai da malamai za su iya bincika “Hausa phonetics” ko “Hausa speech organs” a YouTube.

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Malam/Malama ya kamata ya shirya dukkan kayan koyarwa kafin fara darasin, musamman zane-zanen gabobin furuci. A fara da gabatarwa mai jan hankali, sannan a yi bayanin ma’anar yanayin furuci da gabobinsa. A mai da hankali sosai kan nunawa da kuma jagorantar ɗalibai wajen furta haruffan da ake yi da laɓɓa da hanƙa. Ku gyara kuskuren furuci nan take. A tabbatar an ba ɗalibai damar yin tambayoyi da kuma shiga cikin tattaunawa. Ɗalibai za su rubuta bayanan darasi a littattafansu bayan an gama bayani da kuma tambayoyi. A ƙarshe, a ba su aikin gida don ƙarfafa fahimtar su.