Class: Junior Secondary School 2 (JSS 2 / JS2)
Term: Third Term
Week: 5
Age: 13 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language L1
Curriculum Theme: Harshe
Previous Lesson: Hanyoyin Kyautata Tattalin Arziki.
Topic: Ginin Kalma: Tilo da Jam’i
Subject Matter: Ginin kalma, tilo, jam’i, yadda ake sauya kalma daga tilo zuwa jam’i, misalan kalmomin Hausa

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Su fahimci ma’anar ginin kalma a Hausa.
Su gano kalmomin tilo da jam’i a cikin jimla.
Su bayyana hanyoyi daban-daban na sauya kalma daga tilo zuwa jam’i.

Affective Domain:

Su nuna sha’awar koyon yadda ake amfani da tilo da jam’i daidai.
Su kiyaye amfani da tilo da jam’i daidai a magana da rubutu.

Psychomotor Domain:

Su sauya kalmomin Hausa daga tilo zuwa jam’i da nasu.
Su yi amfani da kalmomin tilo da jam’i daidai a cikin jimla.

Su yi aiki tare a cikin ƙungiyoyi wajen gane da sauya kalmomi.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Littafin Hausa na Makarantun Sakandire na Ƙarama (JSS 2)
https://www.hausa.info/hausa-grammar/plural-nouns
https://www.naijaedu.com.ng/junior-secondary-school-jss-2-hausa-language-third-term-lesson-notes/

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Littafin Hausa na JSS 2
Katinan Kalmomi (Word cards)
Zanewar Jimloli (Sentence strips)
Zane mai nuna tilo da jam’i (Singular and plural chart)

Rationale for the Lesson

Wannan darasi yana da muhimmanci domin yana taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci yadda ake gina kalmomi a Hausa, musamman bambancin tilo da jam’i. Fahimtar hakan zai taimaka musu wajen yin magana da rubutu daidai a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils know basic Hausa words and can identify simple sentences.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Ginin Kalma: Tilo da Jam’i

Ma’anar Tilo (Singular)

Tilo kalma ce da ke nuna abu guda ɗaya ko mutum guda ɗaya. Misali: ‘yaro’, ‘littafi’, ‘mace’.

Ma’anar Jam’i (Plural)

Jam’i kalma ce da ke nuna abubuwa da yawa ko mutane da yawa. Misali: ‘yara’, ‘littattafai’, ‘mata’.

Yadda Ake Sauya Kalma Daga Tilo Zuwa Jam’i

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na sauya kalma daga tilo zuwa jam’i a Hausa. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:

Ƙara ‘ai’ a ƙarshe: Wasu kalmomi suna canzawa zuwa jam’i ta hanyar ƙara ‘ai’ a ƙarshensu.
- Misali: ‘gari’ → ‘garuruwa’ (wasu lokuta) ko ‘garai’ (wasu lokuta)
- Misali: ‘sarki’ → ‘sarakai’
Ƙara ‘u’ a ƙarshe: Wasu kalmomi suna ƙara ‘u’ a ƙarshe.
- Misali: ‘gida’ → ‘gidaje’ (da canjin wasali)
- Misali: ‘kofa’ → ‘kofofi’ (da canjin wasali)
Canjin Wasali (Vowel Change): Wasu kalmomi suna canza wasali a tsakiya ko ƙarshe.
- Misali: ‘mace’ → ‘mata’
- Misali: ‘namiji’ → ‘maza’
Ruddawa (Reduplication): Wasu kalmomi suna maimaita wani ɓangare na kalmar.
- Misali: ‘sabo’ → ‘sababbi’
- Misali: ‘gajere’ → ‘gajajjerai’
Kalmomin da Ba Sa Bin Ka’ida (Irregular Forms): Wasu kalmomi suna canzawa gaba ɗaya.
- Misali: ‘mutum’ → ‘mutane’
- Misali: ‘yaro’ → ‘yara’

Misalan Kalmomi Daga Tilo Zuwa Jam’i

Tilo → Jam’i
yaro → yara
mace → mata
namiji → maza
mutum → mutane
littafi → littattafai
gida → gidaje
kifi → kifi (wasu lokuta) / kifaye
sarki → sarakai
kofa → kofofi
hannu → hannaye

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai gaishe da ɗalibai sannan ya yi bitar darasin da suka yi a baya. Zai tambaye su ko sun san ma’anar kalma ɗaya da kuma kalmomi da yawa.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su amsa gaisuwa kuma su ba da amsoshin tambayoyin malamin.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun tuna darasin baya kuma sun shirya don sabon darasi.

Step 2: Gabatar da Ma’anar Ginin Kalma

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Bayani
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana ma’anar ginin kalma gaba ɗaya, sannan ya mai da hankali kan yadda tilo da jam’i ke shiga cikin ginin kalma a Hausa.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su saurara da kyau kuma su rubuta muhimman bayanai.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun fahimci ma’anar ginin kalma.

Step 3: Bayani Kan Tilo

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Misalai
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana ma’anar tilo dalla-dalla kuma ya ba da misalai da dama na kalmomin tilo a Hausa, yana rubuta su a kan allo.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su rubuta ma’anar tilo da misalan da malamin ya bayar.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun fahimci ma’anar tilo da kuma yadda za su gane ta.

Step 4: Bayani Kan Jam’i

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Hanyoyi
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai bayyana ma’anar jam’i kuma ya ba da misalan kalmomin jam’i, yana nuna yadda suke bambanta da tilo.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su rubuta ma’anar jam’i da misalansu.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun fahimci ma’anar jam’i da yadda za su gane ta.

Step 5: Hanyoyin Sauya Kalmomi Daga Tilo Zuwa Jam’i

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Nuni da Aiki Tare
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai nuna hanyoyi daban-daban na sauya kalma daga tilo zuwa jam’i, kamar ƙara ‘ai’, ‘u’, canjin wasali, da sauransu. Zai yi amfani da katinan kalmomi don nuna canje-canjen.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su kalli katinan kalmomi kuma su yi ƙoƙarin sauya wasu kalmomi daga tilo zuwa jam’i tare da malamin.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun fahimci hanyoyin sauya kalmomi daga tilo zuwa jam’i.

Step 6: Aiki da Misalai

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Aiki da Hannu
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai raba ɗalibai zuwa ƙungiyoyi kuma ya ba kowace ƙungiya wasu kalmomin tilo da za su sauya zuwa jam’i. Zai zagaya yana taimaka musu.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su yi aiki a ƙungiyoyinsu don sauya kalmomin da aka ba su.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun yi amfani da abin da suka koya a aikace.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mene ne ma’anar tilo?
Mene ne ma’anar jam’i?
Ka ba da misalan kalmomi biyar (5) da tilonsu da jam’insu.
Ka bayyana hanyoyi biyu (2) na sauya kalma daga tilo zuwa jam’i.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Takaitawa
Teacher’s Activity: Malam zai takaita darasin ta hanyar sake jaddada muhimman abubuwan da aka koya game da tilo da jam’i. Zai kuma ba su aikin gida.
Pupils’ Activity: Dalibai za su saurara da kyau kuma su rubuta aikin gida.
Learning Point: Dalibai sun fahimci cewa tilo da jam’i suna da muhimmanci a Hausa.

Lesson Keywords

Tilo – Kalma ce da ke nuna abu guda ɗaya (Singular)
Jam’i – Kalma ce da ke nuna abubuwa da yawa (Plural)
Ginin Kalma – Yadda ake haɗa ko sauya kalmomi (Word Formation)
Wasali – Harafin da ke fitar da sauti mai zaman kansa (Vowel)

Differentiation

The teacher will provide additional support to struggling learners by giving them simpler examples and more direct guidance. Advanced learners will be challenged with more complex sentences and encouraged to identify irregular plural forms.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure that pupils actively participate in identifying and converting words. Emphasize the practical application of singular and plural forms in everyday communication. Use real-life examples to make the lesson relatable.