Class: Junior Secondary School 3 (JSS3, JSS 3)
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 6
Age: 14 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Pre Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
Previous Lesson: Production of Textiles and Laundering of Fabrics
Topic: Sewing Machine And Garment Construction Process (Part 1)
Subject Matter: Meaning of sewing machine, Types and parts of the sewing machine.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Explain the meaning of a sewing machine.
(b) Identify different types of sewing machines.
(c) State the major parts of a sewing machine and their functions.
Affective Domain:
(a) Show interest in the correct use of sewing machines.
(b) Appreciate the importance of sewing machines in garment construction.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Correctly point out the major parts of a sewing machine when shown.
(b) Demonstrate proper handling of a sewing machine.
Social Domain:
(a) Work cooperatively with classmates during practical activities.
(b) Communicate politely while sharing sewing equipment.

Reference Materials

The following resources was used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary Schools
Britannica – Sewing Machine | History and Types (https://www.britannica.com/technology/sewing-machine)
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Real sewing machine (manual or electric)
Chart showing types of sewing machines
Diagram of a sewing machine with labelled parts
Flash cards
Chalkboard and chalk

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson equips pupils with knowledge of sewing machines, their types, and parts, forming the foundation for practical garment construction skills.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are expected to have basic knowledge of sewing and stitching from prior practical experiences at home or in earlier lessons.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Sewing Machine And Garment Construction Process

Meaning of Sewing Machine

A sewing machine is a mechanical or electrical device used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. It increases speed and accuracy in garment construction compared to hand sewing.

Types of Sewing Machines

There are several types of sewing machines used in garment construction. These include:

Hand Sewing Machine – operated manually by hand.
Mechanical Sewing Machine – powered by electricity with manual controls.
Electronic Sewing Machine – controlled by electronic circuits with multiple stitching options.
Overlock Sewing Machine – used for finishing edges and preventing fraying.
Embroidery Sewing Machine – designed for decorative stitching.

Parts of a Sewing Machine

The sewing machine consists of various parts that perform specific functions. These are:

Needle – pierces the fabric and carries the thread.
Presser Foot – holds fabric in place while sewing.
Bobbin – holds the lower thread.
Feed Dogs – move the fabric under the needle.
Spool Pin – holds the thread spool.
Tension Dial – regulates the thread tension.
Hand Wheel – manually moves the needle up and down.
Stitch Selector – chooses different types of stitches.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Explanation, Visual Aids, Question and Answer, Group Work

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Greet pupils, ask about previous lesson on sewing tools, show a sewing machine and ask pupils what they know about it.
Pupils’ Activity: Respond to questions and share prior knowledge.
Learning Point: Pupils are introduced to the topic and motivated to learn.

Step 2: Definition of Sewing Machine
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Define a sewing machine and explain its importance in garment construction.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively and take notes.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the meaning and purpose of a sewing machine.

Step 3: Types of Sewing Machines
Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration and Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: Present charts and images of different sewing machines; explain the uses of each type.
Pupils’ Activity: Observe, ask questions, and take notes.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and describe various types of sewing machines.

Step 4: Parts of the Sewing Machine
Time: 15 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration and Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Show the parts of a real sewing machine, explain their functions, and allow pupils to locate them.
Pupils’ Activity: Identify parts on their own or in groups.
Learning Point: Pupils can recognize and name major parts of a sewing machine and understand their roles.

Step 5: Note-Taking
Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Independent Learning
Teacher’s Activity: Ask pupils to copy the summary from the board into their notebooks.
Pupils’ Activity: Copy lesson content accurately.
Learning Point: Reinforcement of key points.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define a sewing machine.
Name two types of sewing machines.
State three major parts of a sewing machine and their functions.
Pupils’ Activity: Answer questions individually or in groups.
Learning Point: Assess understanding of lesson objectives.

Step 7: Conclusion
Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize the lesson and emphasize the importance of learning about sewing machines for garment construction.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen and note the importance of lesson in practical life.
Learning Point: Pupils recognize the relevance of sewing machines in garment making.

Lesson Keywords

Sewing Machine – Device used to stitch fabric
Needle – Part that carries thread through fabric
Presser Foot – Holds fabric while sewing
Bobbin – Lower thread holder
Feed Dogs – Moves fabric under the needle

Differentiation

Pupils are grouped according to skill level; advanced learners assist beginners during practical demonstrations. Visual aids are used to support slower learners.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure all sewing machines are in safe working condition; supervise practical handling closely; emphasize safety rules during demonstration.