Meaning and Examples of Dangerous Liquids and How to Avoid Them for Pre-School Level 3

Class: Pre-School Level 3
Term: First Term
Week: 4
Age: 4 years
Duration: 30 minutes
Subject: Basic Science and Technology
Curriculum Theme: Not separately stated in the scheme.
Previous Lesson: Identifying safe and unsafe objects in the home.
Topic: DANGEROUS LIQUIDS
Subject Matter: Meaning and examples of dangerous liquids and how to avoid them.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Define a dangerous liquid in simple terms.
• Identify at least three examples of dangerous liquids from pictures or descriptions.
• State at least two dangers of playing with dangerous liquids.

Affective Domain

• Show caution and awareness when discussing dangerous liquids.
• Express willingness to tell an adult about dangerous liquids.

Psychomotor Domain

• Point to pictures of dangerous liquids when asked.
• Demonstrate the action of “keeping away” from dangerous liquids.

Social Domain

• Participate in group discussions about safety around liquids.
• Share ideas on how to avoid dangerous liquids.

Reference Materials

• NAPPS National Unified Teaching Scheme for Pre-School Level 3.
• Early Childhood Care and Education resources.
• Relevant early-years safety charts and picture books.

Instructional Materials

• Pictures or charts showing various dangerous liquids (e.g., kerosene, bleach, hot water, methylated spirit, insecticide).
• Empty, clearly labelled containers of common household liquids (for visual representation, not actual dangerous liquids).
• Safety posters showing children avoiding dangerous substances.
• Video on household safety for children.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is crucial for 4-year-olds as it teaches them about common household liquids that can be harmful if not handled properly. Understanding what dangerous liquids are and how to avoid them helps children develop essential safety awareness, protecting them from accidental poisoning, burns, or injuries in their homes and surroundings. This knowledge empowers them to make safer choices and seek adult help when needed.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can identify common objects found in their homes and understand simple instructions about what is safe and unsafe to touch.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Dangerous Liquids

Dangerous liquids are liquids that can hurt us if we touch them, taste them, or drink them. They can make us sick, burn our skin, or cause other harm.

Examples of Dangerous Liquids:

• Hot Water: Water that is very hot and can burn our skin.
• Kerosene: A liquid used for lamps or stoves; it is poisonous.
• Bleach: A liquid used for cleaning; it can burn skin and is poisonous.
• Methylated Spirit: Used for cleaning or medicine; it is poisonous and can burn.
• Insecticides: Liquids used to kill insects; they are very poisonous.
• Petrol: Used for cars; it is dangerous to touch or smell.

Dangers of Playing with Dangerous Liquids:

• They can burn our skin.
• They can make us very sick if we drink them.
• They can hurt our eyes if they splash.
• They can make us dizzy or cough if we smell them too much.

How to Avoid Dangerous Liquids:

• Do NOT touch them: Keep your hands away.
• Do NOT taste them: Never put them in your mouth.
• Tell an adult: If you see a dangerous liquid, tell your mummy, daddy, or teacher immediately.
• Keep them away from children: Adults should store them in high places or locked cupboards.

Key Words

• Dangerous – Can hurt you or make you sick.
• Liquid – Something that flows, like water.
• Avoid – To stay away from something.
• Poisonous – Can make you very sick or die if you eat or drink it.
• Burn – To hurt your skin with heat or a strong chemical.

Safety Rhyme: Dangerous Liquids

Tune: Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star

Lyrics:

Hot water, bleach, and kerosene,
Dangerous liquids, not for me!
Never touch and never taste,
Keep them safe, no time to waste.
Tell an adult, quick and clear,
Dangerous liquids, stay away from here!

Actions: Shake head for “not for me”, wave hands for “never touch”, point to mouth for “never taste”, point up for “tell an adult”, push hands away for “stay away”.

Watch and Learn About Safety

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Play-based Learning, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Songs and Rhymes, Picture Talk, Question and Answer, Repetition, Practical Activity.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engagement/Recall

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets pupils and asks them to name some things they know are safe or unsafe to touch around the house (e.g., a soft toy vs. a sharp knife). The teacher then introduces the topic of “Dangerous Liquids” by asking if they know any liquids that can hurt them.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings and name safe/unsafe objects. They may offer some initial ideas about dangerous liquids.

Learning Point: Pupils recall previous knowledge and are introduced to the lesson topic.

Step 2: Meaning of Dangerous Liquids

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Concept Building

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher gives a simple meaning of a dangerous liquid: “Something that can hurt us if we touch it, taste it, or drink it.” The teacher uses a gentle, serious tone to convey the importance of the topic.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively and repeat the phrase “dangerous liquid.”

Learning Point: Pupils understand the basic concept of a dangerous liquid.

Step 3: Examples of Dangerous Liquids

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Identification/Visual Learning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher shows pictures or empty, labelled containers of dangerous liquids like hot water, kerosene, bleach, methylated spirit, and insecticide. For each, the teacher names it and briefly explains why it’s dangerous (e.g., “This is hot water, it can burn you!”).

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils look at the pictures/containers, listen to the names, and repeat after the teacher. They point to the liquids as they are named.

Learning Point: Pupils identify and name common dangerous liquids.

Step 4: Dangers of Playing with Liquids

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Discussion/Awareness

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses the dangers of playing with these liquids. “What happens if you drink kerosene? You get very, very sick! What if hot water touches your hand? It burns!” The teacher encourages pupils to share what they think might happen.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and participate in the discussion, offering simple answers or nodding in understanding.

Learning Point: Pupils understand the potential harm from dangerous liquids.

Step 5: How to Avoid Dangerous Liquids (Part 1 – Rhyme and Rules)

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Reinforcement/Singing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces the “Dangerous Liquids” safety rhyme. The teacher sings the rhyme with actions, emphasizing the rules: “Never touch,” “Never taste,” and “Tell an adult.” The teacher then explicitly states these rules.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils sing along with the teacher, perform the actions, and repeat the safety rules.

Learning Point: Pupils learn and internalize safety rules through song and repetition.

Step 6: How to Avoid Dangerous Liquids (Part 2 – Video and Practice)

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Visual Learning/Application

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher plays the short video on household safety, asking pupils to watch carefully for dangerous liquids and what to do. After the video, the teacher asks pupils to recall what they saw and practises the action of “telling an adult” and “keeping away.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils watch the video, then respond to questions about safety and practise the actions.

Learning Point: Pupils apply safety knowledge from the video and demonstrate avoidance actions.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 4–5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher checks pupils’ understanding through short questions and practical tasks.

1. What is a dangerous liquid?
2. Name two dangerous liquids you should never touch.
3. What should you do if you see a dangerous liquid?
4. Show me how you would keep away from a dangerous liquid.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally and demonstrate the required skill where appropriate.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute

Teaching Skill: Summarization/Closure

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher praises the pupils for their participation and reminds them to always be careful around liquids at home and to tell an adult if they see anything dangerous. The teacher leads a final singing of the safety rhyme.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, sing the rhyme, and promise to be careful.

Learning Point: Pupils consolidate learning and commit to safety practices.

Lesson Keywords

• Dangerous – Can hurt you.
• Liquid – Something that flows.
• Avoid – Stay away from.
• Kerosene – A dangerous liquid used in lamps.
• Bleach – A dangerous cleaning liquid.

Differentiation

• Support: For pupils who are struggling, use fewer examples of dangerous liquids, focus on only two key safety rules (“don’t touch,” “tell an adult”), and provide hand-over-hand guidance for actions. Use larger, clearer pictures.
• Extension: For pupils who grasp the concept quickly, ask them to identify other liquids at home that might be dangerous (e.g., petrol in a generator, certain medicines). Encourage them to draw a picture of a dangerous liquid and what they should do.