Class: Junior Secondary School 3 (JSS3, JSS 3)
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 2
Age: 14 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
Previous Lesson: Building Construction and Building Components
Topic: Building Components
Subject Matter: Windows, Doors, Roofs, Types of sketches and their uses

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Explain the meaning of windows, doors and roofs.
(b) Identify different types of sketches and state their uses.
Affective Domain:
(a) Show appreciation for the importance of building components in daily life.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Draw simple sketches of windows, doors and roofs.
Social Domain:
(a) Participate actively in group discussions and sketching activities.

Reference Materials

The following resources was used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
Indeed – 14 Types of Building Structure Components
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Charts showing different building components
Pictures of windows, doors and roofs
Drawing board and markers
Rulers, pencils and plain drawing sheets

Rationale for the Lesson

The lesson helps pupils understand basic building parts and develops foundational skills for technical drawing and construction awareness.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with buildings in their environment and can identify simple shapes and objects.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Building Components

Windows

Windows are openings in walls of buildings that allow light, air and sometimes vision into a room. They also improve comfort and appearance of buildings.
The following are types of windows:

Casement Window – Opens outward or inward using hinges.
Sliding Window – Slides horizontally on tracks.
Louvre Window – Made of glass slats placed at an angle for ventilation.
Fixed Window – Does not open and allows light only.

Doors

Doors are movable structures that allow entry and exit into rooms or buildings and also provide security and privacy.
They are:

Hinged Door – Opens and closes on hinges.
Sliding Door – Moves sideways on rollers or tracks.
Folding Door – Folds into sections when opened.
Revolving Door – Rotates around a central axis.

Roofs

A roof is the top covering of a building that protects it from rain, sun and wind.
The following are types of roofs:

Flat Roof – Almost level with a slight slope for drainage.
Gable Roof – Has two sloping sides that meet at the top.
Hip Roof – Slopes on all sides of the building.
Shed Roof – Slants in one direction only.

Types of Sketches and Their Uses

Sketches are freehand drawings used to represent ideas and objects quickly.
These include:

Pictorial Sketch – Shows the object as it appears to the eye.
Orthographic Sketch – Shows front, top and side views of an object.
Isometric Sketch – Shows three dimensions of an object in one view.
Freehand Sketch – Used to express ideas without instruments.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Discussion, Explanation, Demonstration, Visual Aids, Question and Answer

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils questions about parts of a building they see around them and displays pictures of buildings.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to questions and observe the pictures.
Learning Point: Buildings are made up of different components.

Step 2: Explanation of Windows and Doors

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains windows and doors and lists their types using charts.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and identify types shown.
Learning Point: Windows and doors have different types and functions.

Step 3: Explanation of Roofs

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains types of roofs using drawings on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and ask questions.
Learning Point: Roofs protect buildings and come in various forms.

Step 4: Types of Sketches

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains types of sketches and demonstrates simple drawings.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and attempt simple sketches.
Learning Point: Sketches are used to represent building ideas.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to copy the board summary.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the notes.
Learning Point: Key points of the lesson are recorded.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What is a window?
Mention two types of doors.
State one function of a roof.
Name two types of sketches and their uses.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summary
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson and corrects misconceptions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively.
Learning Point: Building components and sketches are essential in technology.

Lesson Keywords

Window – Opening that allows light and air
Door – Movable structure for entry and exit
Roof – Top covering of a building
Sketch – Simple freehand drawing
Building Components – Parts that make up a building

Differentiation

Use visual aids for slow learners and allow advanced learners to draw more detailed sketches.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Emphasize real-life examples around the school environment and encourage neat sketching.