Examination on Basic Technology
Class: JSS 3
Term: Second Term
Time: 1 Hour
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all questions.

1. ________ is the process of creating structures like houses, bridges, and roads. (a) Engineering (b) Building construction (c) Architecture (d) Design
2. Which of the following parts of a building transfers the load from the structure to the ground? (a) Wall (b) Roof (c) Foundation (d) Floor
3. A shallow foundation is typically used for structures with a ________ load. (a) heavy (b) light (c) concentrated (d) dynamic
4. All of these are common types of walls in building construction except ________. (a) load-bearing wall (b) partition wall (c) curtain wall (d) ceiling wall
5. An example of a common material used for flooring is ________. (a) timber (b) concrete (c) steel (d) glass
6. Which of these does NOT serve as a primary purpose of a window? (a) Ventilation (b) Illumination (c) Security (d) Structural support
7. The main reason for using a door in a building is ________. (a) decoration (b) access and security (c) light reflection (d) soundproofing
8. The correct step in preparing a roof structure involves installing ________ before covering. (a) windows (b) rafters (c) doors (d) floors
9. Which of these is not a common type of roof? (a) Gable roof (b) Hip roof (c) Flat roof (d) Circular roof
10. A woodworking joint that connects two pieces of wood end-to-end is often called a ________ joint. (a) mortise and tenon (b) lap (c) butt (d) dovetail
11. Which of the following joints provides a strong, interlocking connection, often used in drawer construction? (a) Butt joint (b) Dovetail joint (c) Halving joint (d) Rebate joint
12. The process of smoothing a wooden surface after cutting is known as ________. (a) drilling (b) planing (c) nailing (d) gluing
13. All of these are simple woodwork projects except ________. (a) stool (b) shelf (c) bed (d) small table
14. Which is NOT a primary tool for measuring in woodwork? (a) Tape measure (b) Try square (c) Hammer (d) Ruler
15. ________ is a method of joining metals using heat to melt and fuse the parent materials together. (a) Soldering (b) Riveting (c) Brazing (d) Welding
16. The process of joining two or more pieces of metal by melting a filler metal with a lower melting point than the base metals is called ________. (a) welding (b) soldering (c) forging (d) casting
17. An example of a common tool used for riveting is a ________. (a) welding torch (b) soldering iron (c) rivet gun (d) hacksaw
18. Which of the following materials is essential for arc welding? (a) Solder (b) Flux (c) Electrode (d) Rivet
19. The main reason for using flux in soldering is to ________. (a) increase joint strength (b) prevent oxidation (c) speed up cooling (d) improve appearance
20. Which of these is not a method of permanent metal joining? (a) Welding (b) Riveting (c) Bolting (d) Brazing
21. ________ is defined as a change in position of an object over time. (a) Force (b) Energy (c) Motion (d) Work
22. The movement of a piston in an engine is an example of ________ motion. (a) rotary (b) oscillatory (c) linear (d) curvilinear
23. Which of the following is an application of rotary motion? (a) A car moving straight (b) A fan blade spinning (c) A hammer hitting a nail (d) A person walking
24. A crank mechanism is used to convert ________ motion into ________ motion or vice versa. (a) linear, oscillatory (b) rotary, linear (c) linear, rotary (d) rotary, rotary
25. All of these are examples of machine motion except ________. (a) a wheel turning (b) a conveyor belt moving (c) a light bulb glowing (d) a drilling machine operating
26. Which is NOT a type of motion in engineering? (a) Linear motion (b) Rotary motion (c) Static motion (d) Oscillatory motion
27. The main purpose of a gear system in a machine is to ________. (a) reduce friction (b) convert or transmit motion (c) generate heat (d) store energy
28. The correct application of a cam and follower mechanism is to convert ________ motion to ________ motion. (a) rotary, linear (b) linear, rotary (c) linear, linear (d) rotary, rotary
29. Which of these is not a common application of motion conversion? (a) Bicycle chain drive (b) Car engine (c) Electric heater (d) Wind turbine
30. A schematic diagram represents an electrical circuit using ________. (a) photographs (b) symbols (c) written instructions (d) actual components
31. In a series circuit, components are connected ________ one another. (a) parallel to (b) independently of (c) one after (d) diagonally to
32. Which of the following is a characteristic of a parallel circuit? (a) All components share the same current. (b) The voltage across each component is the same. (c) If one component fails, the entire circuit breaks. (d) The total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.
33. An example of a tool used for cutting and stripping electrical wires is ________. (a) hammer (b) plier (c) screwdriver (d) wrench
34. All of these are common electrical wiring materials except ________. (a) copper wire (b) PVC conduit (c) wooden plank (d) switch
35. Which is NOT a safety tool for electrical wiring? (a) Insulated screwdriver (b) Test lamp (c) Multimeter (d) Steel rule
36. The main function of a circuit breaker in an electrical wiring system is to ________. (a) increase voltage (b) protect against overcurrent (c) store energy (d) regulate current flow
37. The correct symbol for a light bulb in a schematic diagram is a ________. (a) square (b) circle with a cross (c) triangle (d) rectangle
38. Which of these is not an advantage of a parallel circuit? (a) Components operate independently. (b) Voltage remains constant across branches. (c) Total current is shared. (d) Easier to troubleshoot specific component failure.
39. A device used to control the flow of current in a circuit is called a ________. (a) resistor (b) capacitor (c) inductor (d) switch
40. The primary material for conducting electricity in wires is ________. (a) plastic (b) rubber (c) copper (d) aluminium

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer any THREE questions.

Question 1
(a) Define building construction. (2 marks)
(b) List and explain two types of foundations used in building construction. (3 marks)
(c) State three essential functions of a roof in a building. (3 marks)
(d) Name two common materials used for making doors. (2 marks)

Question 2
(a) What is a woodwork joint? (2 marks)
(b) Describe the difference between a butt joint and a mortise and tenon joint, stating an application for each. (3 marks)
(c) List three essential tools required for constructing a simple wooden shelf. (3 marks)
(d) State two safety precautions to observe when carrying out woodwork projects. (2 marks)

Question 3
(a) Define motion in engineering terms. (2 marks)
(b) Differentiate between linear and rotary motion, giving one example for each. (3 marks)
(c) Explain how a crank and slider mechanism converts motion, and provide an application. (3 marks)
(d) List two devices that use a gear system to transmit motion. (2 marks)

Question 4
(a) What is the purpose of a schematic diagram in electrical wiring? (2 marks)
(b) State two characteristics of a parallel circuit. (3 marks)
(c) Explain two differences between a series circuit and a parallel circuit. (3 marks)
(d) Name two essential tools used for simple electrical wiring. (2 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme
Question 1 – ✅ (b) Building construction
Question 2 – ✅ (c) Foundation
Question 3 – ✅ (b) light
Question 4 – ✅ (d) ceiling wall
Question 5 – ✅ (b) concrete
Question 6 – ✅ (d) Structural support
Question 7 – ✅ (b) access and security
Question 8 – ✅ (b) rafters
Question 9 – ✅ (d) Circular roof
Question 10 – ✅ (c) butt
Question 11 – ✅ (b) Dovetail joint
Question 12 – ✅ (b) planing
Question 13 – ✅ (c) bed
Question 14 – ✅ (c) Hammer
Question 15 – ✅ (d) Welding
Question 16 – ✅ (b) soldering
Question 17 – ✅ (c) rivet gun
Question 18 – ✅ (c) Electrode
Question 19 – ✅ (b) prevent oxidation
Question 20 – ✅ (c) Bolting
Question 21 – ✅ (c) Motion
Question 22 – ✅ (c) linear
Question 23 – ✅ (b) A fan blade spinning
Question 24 – ✅ (b) rotary, linear
Question 25 – ✅ (c) a light bulb glowing
Question 26 – ✅ (c) Static motion
Question 27 – ✅ (b) convert or transmit motion
Question 28 – ✅ (a) rotary, linear
Question 29 – ✅ (c) Electric heater
Question 30 – ✅ (b) symbols
Question 31 – ✅ (c) one after
Question 32 – ✅ (b) The voltage across each component is the same.
Question 33 – ✅ (b) plier
Question 34 – ✅ (c) wooden plank
Question 35 – ✅ (d) Steel rule
Question 36 – ✅ (b) protect against overcurrent
Question 37 – ✅ (b) circle with a cross
Question 38 – ✅ (c) Total current is shared.
Question 39 – ✅ (d) switch
Question 40 – ✅ (c) copper