Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1, SS 1, SSS1, SSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language
Curriculum Theme: Hausa Language
Previous Lesson: Insha’i: Siffoffi da Matakan Rubuta Insha’i.
Topic: Rabe-rabe adabin baka
Subject Matter: Ma’anar adabin baka, rabe-raben adabin baka (dangane da zobe, tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, labarai).

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Su bayyana ma’anar adabin baka.
Su lissafa rabe-raben adabin baka da aka koya.
Su bambanta tsakanin tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, da labarai.
Su kawo misali guda ɗaya ko fiye ga kowane rabe-rabe.

Affective Domain:

Su nuna sha’awa da girmama al’adun Hausawa ta hanyar sauraro da adana adabin baka.
Su nuna ladabi wajen sauraron labarai da bayar da ra’ayi ba tare da tsangwama ba.

Psychomotor Domain:

Su rubuta rabe-raben adabin baka a tsari a cikin littafin rubutu.
Su tsara gajeren misali (jimloli 3–5) na tatsuniya ko hikaya.
Su yi kwaikwayon gajeren zobe ko karin magana a aji (ta baki).

Su yi aiki tare a rukuni wajen tattara misalan tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, da labarai.
Su raba misalan da suka sani daga gida ko unguwa cikin girmamawa.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Recommended Hausa Language textbook for Senior Secondary Schools (e.g., Hausa Literature/Adabi for SSS)
Encyclopaedia Britannica – Oral Literature
UNESCO – Oral Traditions and Expressions
Encyclopaedia Britannica – Folklore

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Misalan tatsuniya (rubutattu ko a takarda)
Littattafai ko rubuce-rubuce na adabin Hausa
Jadawalin rabe-raben adabin baka
Allon rubutu da alƙalami/marker
Katunan kalmomi (tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, labarai, zobe)

Rationale for the Lesson

Adabin baka yana taimaka wa ɗalibai su fahimci harshen Hausa da al’adunsa ta hanyar labarai da karin magana. Hakan yana ƙara iya bayyana ra’ayi da amfani da Hausa a rubutu da magana.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Ɗalibai sun saba da sauraron labarai a gida ko a makaranta, kuma sun san wasu karin magana da zantuka na Hausa.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Rabe-raben Adabin Baka

Ma’anar Adabin Baka

Adabin baka shi ne adabi da ake yadawa ta baki, ana rera shi ko a ba da shi ta labari, zance, karin magana, da sauran zantuka ba tare da rubutu ba.

Zobe

Zobe nau’i ne na adabin baka da ke fitowa a matsayin zance ko dabara ta magana, kamar karin magana, kirari, habaici, da wasu gajerun zantuka.

The following are misalan zobe:

Karin magana (misali: “Komai nisan jifa, ƙasa zai faɗo”).
Kirari (misali: kirarin mutum ko gari).
Habaici (magana mai ɓoye ma’ana domin faɗakarwa).
Zance na hikima (gajeren zance mai koyarwa).

Tatsuniya

Tatsuniya labari ne na gargajiya da ake bayarwa domin koyarwa da nishaɗi, yawanci tana da jarumai kamar dabbobi ko mutane, tana ƙarewa da darasi.

The following are siffofin tatsuniya:

Tana ɗauke da darasi (tarbiyya).
Yawanci ana bayar da ita da dare ko wajen taro.
Za a iya amfani da dabbobi a matsayin jarumai.

Almara

Almara labari ne da aka yi wa ƙarin gishiri ko ban mamaki, yana iya haɗa abubuwan da ba su faru a zahiri ba, amma ana amfani da shi wajen jan hankali da isar da sako.

The following are siffofin almara:

Tana da abubuwan ban mamaki ko almara-rai.
Tana iya yin tsawo fiye da tatsuniya.
Ana iya haɗa jarumai masu ƙarfi ko abubuwan sihiri.

Hikaya

Hikaya labari ne da yake ba da tarihin abin da ya faru ko darasi, yana iya kasancewa na gaskiya ko kusa da gaskiya, kuma ana bayar da shi cikin tsari.

The following are siffofin hikaya:

Tana da jeri na abubuwan da suka faru (farko, tsakiya, ƙarshe).
Tana da saƙo ko darasi.
Tana iya danganta da rayuwar mutane ko al’umma.

Labarai

Labarai su ne bayanai ko labarun da ake bayarwa game da abin da ya faru ko abin da ake so a sanar, ana iya samun su daga gida, kasuwa, makaranta, ko kafafen yaɗa labarai.

The following are nau’o’in labarai:

Labarin yau da kullum (na gida ko unguwa).
Labarin tarihi (na abubuwan da suka faru a baya).
Labarin sanarwa (bayanin abin da ake so mutane su sani).

Bambance-bambance Tsakanin Rabe-raben

The following are bambance-bambance a taƙaice:

Tatsuniya: labari na gargajiya mai darasi, yawanci dabbobi ko mutane.
Almara: labari mai ban mamaki ko sihiri, an yi masa ƙarin gishiri.
Hikaya: labari mai tsari da jeri, yana iya zama na gaskiya ko kusa da gaskiya.
Labarai: bayanai ko labaran abubuwan da suka faru ko sanarwa.
Zobe: gajerun zantuka kamar karin magana, kirari, habaici.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils to mention any Hausa story or proverb they have heard at home and writes a few on the board to lead into the lesson.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils mention examples of stories or proverbs they know and listen to the teacher’s classification.
Learning Point: Adabin baka yana zuwa ta baki kuma yana da rabe-rabe.

Step 2: Ma’anar Adabin Baka

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of adabin baka and gives two short examples of oral literature forms in Hausa.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils repeat the meaning and write it in their notebooks.
Learning Point: Adabin baka adabi ne da ake yadawa ta baki.

Step 3: Bayanin Zobe da Misalai

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces zobe and lists examples such as karin magana, kirari, and habaici with brief explanations.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils give one proverb or short saying each and identify it as part of zobe.
Learning Point: Zobe gajerun zantuka ne na adabin baka.

Step 4: Tatsuniya, Almara, Hikaya

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation and Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains tatsuniya, almara, and hikaya and writes their key features on the board with one short example for each.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils discuss in pairs and provide examples they know, then share with the class.
Learning Point: Tatsuniya, almara, da hikaya rabe-raben labaran gargajiya ne masu siffofi daban-daban.

Step 5: Labarai da Nau’o’insu

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains labarai and lists types (na yau da kullum, na tarihi, na sanarwa) with short examples.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils mention one example of each type and write them down.
Learning Point: Labarai na iya zama na yau da kullum, tarihi, ko sanarwa.

Step 6: Aikin Rukuni (Rarrabawa da Misalai)

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher gives a mixed list of items (proverbs, short story lines, exaggerated tales, simple narratives) and guides pupils to classify them into zobe, tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, ko labarai.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils work in groups to classify the items and present their answers.
Learning Point: Ana iya gane rabe-raben adabin baka ta siffofi da misalai.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Ka bayyana ma’anar adabin baka.
Ka lissafa rabe-raben adabin baka guda biyar da aka koya.
Ka bambanta tsakanin tatsuniya da almara.
Ka kawo misali guda ɗaya na zobe da misali guda ɗaya na hikaya.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 0 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the meaning and categories of adabin baka and gives a short assignment: write one example each of zobe, tatsuniya, almara, hikaya, and labarai with one sentence explaining why each fits its category.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the assignment and ask questions where necessary.
Learning Point: Ɗalibai sun fahimci ma’anar adabin baka da rabe-rabensa.

Lesson Keywords

Adabin baka – adabi da ake yadawa ta baki ba tare da rubutu ba.
Zobe – gajerun zantuka kamar karin magana, kirari, habaici.
Tatsuniya – labari na gargajiya mai darasi, yawanci ana bayar da shi don tarbiyya.
Almara – labari mai ban mamaki ko ƙarin gishiri, yana jan hankali.
Hikaya – labari mai tsari da jeri na abubuwan da suka faru, yana da saƙo.
Labarai – bayanai ko labaran abubuwan da suka faru ko sanarwa.

Differentiation

Pupils who need support will be given prepared examples to classify and sentence frames to write their examples, while advanced pupils will create their own examples and explain features that make each one belong to its category.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Use familiar local examples so pupils can connect the categories to real life. Encourage short, clear explanations and insist on correct classification using features, not only titles of the stories.