Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1, SS 1, SSS1, SSS 1)
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 8
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Hausa Language
Curriculum Theme: Hausa Language
Previous Lesson: Abubuwan Tarihi a Adabin Baka: Waƙoƙin Mata, Makaɗa da Tarihin Mutuwa.
Topic: Ci gaba
Subject Matter: Wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu, wasanni tsakanin garuruwa, sara, abubuwan al’ada da suke nuna tarihi

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

State the meaning of ci gaba in relation to the previous lesson on historical elements in oral literature.
List examples of wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu and wasanni tsakanin garuruwa that reflect history.
Explain how sarauta (sara) preserves community history and values.
Identify cultural practices (abubuwan al’ada) that show historical beliefs and events in oral literature.
State historical lessons that can be learned from games, kingship traditions, and cultural practices.

Affective Domain:

Show respect for cultural games and traditions of different communities.
Appreciate peaceful competition between groups and towns.
Value cultural heritage as a source of identity and history.

Psychomotor Domain:

Describe and label features seen in pictures of cultural games and kingship activities.
Arrange given examples into correct categories: inter-tribal games, inter-town games, and kingship traditions.
Write short points on historical lessons from a selected cultural practice.

Work in groups to discuss examples and present historical lessons to the class.
Participate politely in class discussion and accept others’ viewpoints.
Share community examples of games and kingship traditions respectfully.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Recommended Hausa Language textbook for Senior Secondary Schools (Adabin Baka/Al’adu section)
Encyclopaedia Britannica: Hausa People and Culture
Encyclopaedia Britannica: Emir and Traditional Leadership
WAEC E-Learning: Hausa (Oral Literature and Culture)

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Hotunan wasanni (pictures of cultural games and competitions)
Labaran al’ada (short written cultural accounts)
Jadawalin misalai (chart for classifying examples)
Allo da alƙalami/marker

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils see how cultural games and kingship traditions keep the history of a people. It also helps pupils understand community values and lessons that guide peaceful living and identity.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have learned that oral literature and culture can contain historical information and can mention examples from songs and stories.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Ci gaba: Wasanni, sara, da abubuwan al’ada da suke nuna tarihi

Ma’anar ci gaba a wannan darasi

Ci gaba a nan na nufin ƙarin bayani da faɗaɗa abin da aka koya a darasin da ya gabata game da abubuwan tarihi a adabin baka ta hanyar duba wasanni, sarauta, da al’adu.

Wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu

Wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu su ne gasa ko wasanni da ƙabilu daban-daban ke yi domin nuna ƙwarewa, jarumtaka, ko ƙarfafa zumunci.

The following are misalan wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu:

Gasannin kokawa tsakanin ƙabilu a lokutan bukukuwa.
Gasannin doki ko tseren doki tsakanin ƙabilu a wuraren biki.
Gasannin rawa ko wakoki da ke nuna al’ada da tarihin ƙabila.
Gasannin farauta ko nuna kwarewar mafarauta a tsakanin ƙabilu.

Darussan tarihi daga wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu

The following are darussan tarihi da ake samu:

Yadda ƙabilu ke mu’amala da juna tun a da ta hanyar gasa da bukukuwa.
Girman jarumtaka, ƙwarewa, da ladabi a al’umma.
Alamun zaman lafiya da haɗin kai ta hanyar gasa mai kyau.
Yadda bukukuwa ke ɗauke da tarihin al’ada da asalin ƙabila.

Wasanni tsakanin garuruwa

Wasanni tsakanin garuruwa su ne gasa da ake yi tsakanin garuruwa domin ƙarfafa zumunci, nuna basira, ko tunawa da wani tarihi ko biki.

The following are misalan wasanni tsakanin garuruwa:

Gasannin kokawa ko dambe tsakanin garuruwa.
Gasannin ƙwallo ko wasannin motsa jiki a lokutan bukukuwa.
Gasannin tseren doki ko tseren keke a tsakanin garuruwa.
Gasannin al’adu kamar rawa, nune-nunen kayan gargajiya, da waƙoƙin biki.

Darussan tarihi daga wasanni tsakanin garuruwa

The following are darussan tarihi da ake samu:

Dangantakar garuruwa da yadda suke hulɗa tun a da.
Hanyoyin warware saɓani ta hanyar gasa maimakon faɗa.
Yadda bukukuwa ke zama hanyar adana tarihin gari.
Al’adar haɗin kai da taimakon juna tsakanin mazauna garuruwa.

Sara (sarauta) a matsayin abin da ke nuna tarihi

Sara na nufin tsarin sarauta da shugabanci na gargajiya da ya haɗa da sarki, fadawa, dokoki, da al’adun mulki.

The following are abubuwan sarauta da ke nuna tarihi:

Nadin sarki da al’adun da ake bi wajen naɗe shi.
Fadar sarki, fadawa, da rawar da suke takawa a mulki.
Dokokin gargajiya da tsarin yanke hukunci.
Bukukuwan sarauta kamar hawan sallah, taro, da liyafa.

Abubuwan al’ada da suke nuna tarihi

Abubuwan al’ada su ne ɗabi’u da ayyukan gargajiya da al’umma ke yi da suke ɗauke da tarihin rayuwa, imani, da dabi’u.

The following are misalan abubuwan al’ada da ke nuna tarihi:

Bukukuwan gargajiya da ake yi domin tunawa da wani lamari.
Al’adun aure, suna, da jana’iza da ke nuna tsarin rayuwar al’umma.
Nune-nunen kayan gargajiya da tufafi da ke nuna asali.
Karin magana, tatsuniya, da labaran gargajiya da ke ɗauke da tarihin al’umma.

Yadda wasanni, sara, da al’adu ke taimakawa wajen adana tarihi

The following are hanyoyin da suke adana tarihi:

Suna ɗauke da bayanai game da asali, shugabanci, da tsarin rayuwa.
Suna nuna dabi’u kamar girmamawa, jarumtaka, haɗin kai, da ladabi.
Suna taimakawa wajen watsa tarihi daga ƙarni zuwa ƙarni ta biki da labari.
Suna bayyana dalilan wasu dokoki da al’adu da aka gada tun a da.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays pictures of cultural games and a kingship event and asks pupils to describe what they see and mention any historical idea connected to it.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils describe the pictures and state what the activities may represent in the community.
Learning Point: Cultural activities like games and kingship events can show history and values.

Step 2: Link to Previous Lesson (Ci gaba)

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains that the lesson is a continuation of historical elements in oral literature and introduces the focus on wasanni, sarauta, and cultural practices.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils state one thing learned previously about history in oral literature and copy the topic.
Learning Point: Ci gaba means extending knowledge on historical elements using new examples.

Step 3: Wasanni Tsakanin Ƙabilu

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Illustration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains inter-tribal games and guides pupils to give examples and identify what historical lesson each may show.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils list examples and state one lesson from each example.
Learning Point: Inter-tribal games reflect relationships, skills, and community values.

Step 4: Wasanni Tsakanin Garuruwa

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Classification
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses a chart to classify examples of inter-town games and guides pupils to differentiate them from inter-tribal games.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils classify examples correctly and share answers in groups.
Learning Point: Inter-town games strengthen unity and preserve local history through festivals.

Step 5: Sara (Sarauta) and Historical Elements

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains sarauta and highlights features like coronation, palace roles, and festivals that preserve history and governance.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils mention features of sarauta and state how each can show history.
Learning Point: Kingship traditions preserve leadership history and community laws.

Step 6: Abubuwan Al’ada da Suke Nuna Tarihi

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents short cultural accounts and guides pupils to identify cultural practices and the historical lessons inside them.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils state examples of cultural practices and write two historical lessons learned.
Learning Point: Cultural practices preserve beliefs, events, and values passed from generation to generation.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

State what ci gaba means in relation to the lesson on historical elements in oral literature.
List three examples of wasanni tsakanin ƙabilu.
Mention three examples of wasanni tsakanin garuruwa.
Explain how sarauta or one cultural practice can preserve history in a community.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summary/Closure
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises key points and gives an assignment: pupils write one inter-town or inter-tribal game and one kingship tradition from their area and state the historical lesson in each.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the assignment and submit responses in the next class.
Learning Point: Games, kingship traditions, and cultural practices are sources of historical lessons in oral literature.

Lesson Keywords

Ci gaba – Continuation or extension of the previous lesson.
Wasanni – Cultural games and competitions.
Ƙabila – A tribe or ethnic group.
Garuruwa – Towns or communities.
Sara (Sarauta) – Traditional kingship and leadership system.
Al’ada – Cultural practices and traditions.
Tarihi – History and past events of a people.

Differentiation

Pupils who need support will be given picture-based prompts and a short list to choose from when stating examples. Pupils who learn faster will write a short paragraph explaining the historical lesson from a selected game or kingship festival.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Use familiar examples of cultural games and kingship practices that pupils can relate to, and keep board work focused on definitions and lists. Encourage respectful discussion of different cultures while guiding pupils to identify clear historical lessons from each example.