Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS1, JSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 10
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Pre Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
Previous Lesson: Effects of Unhealthy Feeding Practices and Food Activities
Topic: Healthy Feeding And Eating Practices (Part 3)
Subject Matter: Food Contaminants Harmful Substances that should not be consumed, e.g. banned additives, spoilt fruits, undercooked food, etc, Meaning of Drug Abuse, Effect of Drug Abuse in the Body.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Identify harmful substances and food contaminants that should not be consumed.
(b) Explain the meaning of drug abuse.
(c) State the effects of drug abuse in the human body.
Affective Domain:
(a) Show concern for personal health by avoiding harmful substances.
(b) Develop a positive attitude towards proper feeding and safe health practices.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Demonstrate how to identify spoilt or contaminated food items.
(b) Participate in role-play or skits showing rejection of drug abuse.
Social Domain:
(a) Work in groups to discuss dangers of consuming harmful substances and drug abuse.
(b) Encourage peers to adopt safe eating and healthy living habits.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
WHO – “Food Safety” (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety)
UNODC – “What is Drug Abuse?” (https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/drug-prevention-and-treatment/index.html)
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Samples/pictures of spoilt fruits and food items
Chart showing banned additives and harmful substances
Flashcards with definitions of drug abuse
Short video or posters on dangers of drug abuse
Whiteboard and markers

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because it guides students to avoid harmful food substances and understand the dangers of drug abuse, promoting healthy living and safety.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils already know basic healthy feeding and eating practices from previous lessons and have some experience identifying good and bad food items at home.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Healthy Feeding and Eating Practices

Food Contaminants and Harmful Substances

Food contaminants are unwanted substances in food that can make it unsafe for human consumption. They may come from poor storage, processing, or preparation. Eating contaminated food can cause sickness and even death.

The following are harmful substances and food contaminants that should not be consumed:

Banned food additives such as dangerous colorings and preservatives.
Spoilt or rotten fruits and vegetables.
Undercooked or raw food that may contain harmful germs.
Expired packaged foods.
Food stored in dirty or rusted containers.
Food exposed to flies, dust, or unclean environments.

Meaning of Drug Abuse

Drug abuse means the misuse of drugs by taking them without a doctor’s prescription, taking more than the required dose, or using illegal drugs. It is a harmful practice that can damage the body and mind.

Examples include:

Taking medicines without doctor’s instructions.
Using hard drugs like cocaine, heroin, and cannabis.
Overusing common drugs like cough syrups or painkillers.
Mixing drugs with alcohol.

Effects of Drug Abuse in the Body

Drug abuse has serious effects on health and behavior. It affects the brain, the body, and even relationships with others.

The following are effects of drug abuse in the body:

Damage to the brain, liver, kidney, and heart.
Weakness and loss of appetite.
Poor memory and lack of concentration.
Aggressive or violent behavior.
Addiction and dependence on drugs.
Risk of accidents and death.
Breakdown of family and social relationships.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Discussion, Lecture, Explanation, Demonstration, Storytelling, Group Work, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher asks pupils questions on how they recognize spoilt food at home or markets, linking it to today’s lesson.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils share answers based on their experiences.
Learning Point: Pupils are connected to the new lesson through familiar experiences.

Step 2: Food Contaminants and Harmful Substances

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains food contaminants and shows samples/pictures of spoilt food and banned additives.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe, take notes, and mention other examples they know.
Learning Point: Pupils identify food contaminants and harmful substances that should be avoided.

Step 3: Meaning of Drug Abuse

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Storytelling/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains drug abuse with real-life examples and uses flashcards with simple definitions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, read flashcards, and repeat meanings.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what drug abuse means.

Step 4: Effects of Drug Abuse in the Body

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher discusses the effects of drug abuse with pupils and displays charts or posters of its dangers.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate by contributing what they know and give examples.
Learning Point: Pupils recognize the harmful effects of drug abuse on the body and life.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher writes the board summary for pupils to copy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the notes into their exercise books.
Learning Point: Pupils have a written summary of the lesson.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mention three harmful food contaminants.
What is drug abuse?
State three effects of drug abuse in the body.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally to the questions.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the key points of the lesson.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher summarizes the lesson, reinforces the dangers of harmful food and drug abuse, and advises pupils to practice safe health habits.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively.
Learning Point: Pupils are encouraged to avoid harmful substances and drug abuse.

Home Task: List four lesson examples connected with Healthy Feeding And Eating Practices (Part 3) and add one correct use, step or safety rule.

Lesson Keywords

Contaminant – an unwanted or harmful substance in food
Additive – chemical substance added to food for preservation or color
Drug Abuse – misuse of medicine or illegal drugs
Addiction – dependence on drugs or harmful substances
Prescription – instructions given by a doctor on how to take medicine

Differentiation

The teacher uses visual aids and simple demonstrations for slower learners, while advanced learners can lead group discussions or give examples from current events.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Be sensitive when discussing drug abuse. Avoid stigmatizing pupils who may know people affected. Emphasize prevention and healthy lifestyle choices.