Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS1, JSS 1)
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 4
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
Previous Lesson: Types and Uses of Drawing Instruments
Topic: Care Of Drawing Instruments
Subject Matter: Care Of Drawing Instruments

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Identify common drawing instruments used in Basic Technology.
(b) Explain ways of caring for and maintaining drawing instruments.
Affective Domain:
(a) Appreciate the importance of keeping drawing instruments clean and in good condition.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Demonstrate proper handling, cleaning, and storage of drawing instruments.
Social Domain:
(a) Work cooperatively with classmates while practicing care of drawing instruments.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
Matcite – Drawing instruments and materials
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Real drawing instruments (set squares, compasses, rulers, protractors, T-square, etc.)
Chart showing different drawing instruments and their uses
Storage box or drawing instrument case
Cleaning materials (soft cloth, eraser, sharpener, etc.)
Whiteboard and marker

Rationale for the Lesson

To help pupils understand how to properly maintain and care for drawing instruments to ensure their accuracy, durability, and effective use during technical drawing activities.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have already been introduced to basic drawing instruments and their uses in previous lessons and can identify some of them by name and function.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Care of Drawing Instruments

Drawing instruments are important tools used for preparing neat, accurate, and well-structured technical drawings. To ensure that these instruments last long and remain useful, they must be properly cared for and maintained.

Reasons for Caring for Drawing Instruments

Caring for drawing instruments keeps them in good working condition and ensures accuracy in drawing.

The following are the reasons for caring for drawing instruments:

To maintain the accuracy and precision of instruments.
To prevent rust, damage, or wear.
To ensure smooth operation and ease of use.
To extend the lifespan of the instruments.
To reduce the cost of frequent replacement.

General Care and Maintenance of Drawing Instruments

Proper care involves daily, weekly, and long-term maintenance practices. Pupils must handle instruments gently and keep them clean at all times.

The following are general ways to care for drawing instruments:

Always clean instruments after use with a soft dry cloth.
Avoid dropping instruments to prevent breakage or damage.
Keep instruments away from water or moisture to prevent rust.
Use each instrument for its correct purpose only.
Store instruments properly in a case or box after use.
Sharpen pencils carefully with a good sharpener.
Do not press too hard when using instruments to avoid bending or damaging them.
Replace worn-out or broken parts immediately.

Specific Care for Common Drawing Instruments

Each drawing instrument has its own specific care methods that keep it functional and reliable.

The following are specific care methods for some common instruments:

Ruler and Set Squares: Wipe clean after use and avoid scratching or bending.
Compass and Dividers: Apply a drop of oil to the joints occasionally and store with points covered.
T-square: Hang vertically or keep flat to avoid warping.
Protractor: Keep away from heat to prevent distortion.
Drawing Board: Do not write or scratch on the surface; clean with a soft cloth.
Drawing Pencils: Sharpen properly and keep in a pencil case.

Storage of Drawing Instruments

Proper storage prevents damage and ensures readiness for future use.

The following are proper storage practices:

Keep all instruments in a protective case or tool box.
Arrange instruments neatly after cleaning.
Avoid placing heavy objects on top of instruments.
Store in a dry, cool place to prevent rust or warping.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Discussion, Explanation, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Group Work, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays some dirty or damaged drawing instruments and asks pupils what went wrong and how they can be cared for.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by giving possible causes and solutions.
Learning Point: Pupils realize the need to care for and maintain drawing instruments.

Step 2: Reasons for Caring for Drawing Instruments

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains reasons for caring for drawing instruments using real examples.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and take notes.
Learning Point: Pupils understand why drawing instruments should be cared for.

Step 3: General and Specific Care Methods

Time: 12 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to clean, store, and handle instruments properly.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and practice cleaning and arranging instruments.
Learning Point: Pupils learn practical care and handling of drawing instruments.

Step 4: Storage of Drawing Instruments

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher shows pupils how to arrange drawing instruments in their cases and where to store them safely.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils arrange instruments correctly in a storage box.
Learning Point: Pupils understand correct storage practices for drawing instruments.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher dictates or writes the board summary for pupils to copy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes neatly into their notebooks.
Learning Point: Pupils have complete notes for revision.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

State two reasons for caring for drawing instruments.
Mention four general ways of caring for drawing instruments.
Explain how to care for a compass and a T-square.
What are two proper storage practices for drawing instruments?
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer the questions orally.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of how to care for and maintain drawing instruments.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summary
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the lesson and encourages pupils to practice daily care of their drawing tools.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and ask final questions.
Learning Point: Pupils appreciate the importance of maintaining their drawing instruments.

Home Task: Record two correct examples of Care Of Drawing Instruments from the lesson or home environment and explain each in your own words.

Lesson Keywords

Maintenance – the act of keeping something in good condition.
Rust – a reddish-brown coating formed on metal due to moisture.
Storage – keeping instruments safely for future use.
Precision – accuracy and exactness in measurement or drawing.
Instrument – a tool or device used to perform a specific task.

Differentiation

Provide guided demonstrations for slower learners and allow advanced learners to lead small group cleaning and arrangement exercises.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Encourage pupils to handle instruments gently and return them to their proper places after use. Reinforce the culture of cleanliness, accuracy, and organization in practical lessons.