Speech: Asking and Answering What Things Are Made Of for Primary 2

Class: Primary 2
Term: First Term
Week: 3
Age: 7 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: English Studies
Curriculum Theme: Speech
Previous Lesson: Writing: Structure Patterns, Past Actions and Question-and-Answer Passages
Topic: Speech: Asking and Answering What Things Are Made Of
Subject Matter: Expressing what things are made of Question – What are shoes made of? Answer – They are made of leather etc.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify common materials like leather, wood, glass, and plastic.
• Ask questions using “What is/are… made of?”
• Answer questions using “It is/They are made of…”

Affective Domain

• Participate actively in class discussions.
• Show interest in learning new vocabulary related to materials.

Psychomotor Domain

• Pronounce words for materials clearly and correctly.
• Form simple sentences accurately when asking and answering.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2014 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• FCT ERC/NAPPS Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Chart showing pictures of items and their materials
• Real objects: a shoe, a wooden pencil, a glass cup, a plastic bottle, a metal spoon, a piece of cloth
• Textbook
• Notebook

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important as it equips pupils with essential language skills to communicate about everyday objects. It helps them expand their vocabulary and develop correct sentence structures for practical conversations. Understanding how to describe what things are made of enables pupils to better describe their environment.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can identify some common objects around them. They can also form simple sentences in English.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Speech: Asking and Answering What Things Are Made Of

Asking Questions About Materials

To ask what one thing is made of, we say:

1. What is (item) made of?

To ask what many things are made of, we say:

1. What are (items) made of?

Answering Questions About Materials

For one thing:

1. It is made of (material).

For many things:

1. They are made of (material).

Examples of Items and Materials

1. Shoes are made of leather.
2. Tables are made of wood.
3. Windows are made of glass.
4. Bottles are made of plastic.
5. Spoons are made of metal.
6. Clothes are made of fabric.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Question and Answer, Explanation, Observation, Pair Work.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Activating Prior Knowledge

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils warmly. The teacher then shows a shoe and asks, “What is this?” followed by, “What do you think it is made of?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, identify the shoe, and offer their initial guesses about its material.

Learning Point: Activating prior knowledge

Step 2: Presentation of Materials

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents various real items or pictures (e.g., shoe, wooden pencil, glass cup, plastic bottle, metal spoon, piece of cloth). For each item, the teacher clearly states what it is made of, for example, “This shoe is made of leather.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively and observe the items and the materials they are made of.

Learning Point: Identifying common materials

Step 3: Modelling Questions and Answers

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Modelling/Repetition

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher models how to ask and answer questions about the items. For example, “What is this shoe made of? It is made of leather.” The teacher also demonstrates for plural items: “What are these shoes made of? They are made of leather.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen carefully and repeat the questions and answers after the teacher, focusing on correct pronunciation.

Learning Point: Correct question and answer forms

Step 4: Guided Practice – Asking Questions

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher points to different items and prompts pupils to form the correct question, “What is/are… made of?” The teacher provides support and correction as needed.

Pupils’ Activity: Individually and in chorus, pupils practice asking the correct question for each item shown by the teacher.

Learning Point: Forming questions about materials

Step 5: Guided Practice – Answering Questions

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Question and Answer

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils the question “What is/are… made of?” for various items and guides them to provide the correct answers using “It is/They are made of…”

Pupils’ Activity: Individually and in chorus, pupils answer the questions, stating the material each item is made of.

Learning Point: Answering questions about materials

Step 6: Role-Play/Pair Work

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Collaborative Learning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher divides pupils into pairs. One pupil asks about an item, and the other answers. The teacher moves around the classroom, offering support and correcting errors.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice asking and answering questions about items and their materials with their partners.

Learning Point: Practical application of speech

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What is a table made of?
2. What are windows made of?
3. Ask your friend what a spoon is made of.
4. What is your school bag made of?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Assessing material identification

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to copy the essential Board Summary notes about asking and answering what things are made of into their notebooks, emphasizing correct spelling.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson content

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute

Teaching Skill: Consolidation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly summarizes the main points of the lesson, reminding pupils how to correctly ask and answer questions about what things are made of.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and confirm their understanding of the lesson.

Learning Point: Consolidating lesson understanding

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: Ask your parents or guardians what five different items in your house are made of. Write down the questions and answers in your notebook.

1. What is your bed made of?
2. What is your door made of?
3. What is your TV screen made of?
4. What is your cooking pot made of?
5. What are your clothes made of?

Lesson Keywords

• What – Used for asking for information about something
• Made of – Used to describe the material or substance from which something is constructed
• Leather – A material made from the skin of an animal
• Wood – The hard, fibrous material that forms the main substance of the trunk or branches of a tree
• Glass – A hard, brittle, transparent material, typically used for windows and bottles
• Plastic – A synthetic material that can be moulded into various shapes
• Metal – A strong, shiny material that conducts heat and electricity, like iron or gold
• Fabric – Cloth or other material produced by weaving or knitting fibres, used for clothes

Differentiation

For pupils who are struggling, provide flashcards with pictures of items and their corresponding materials. Work with them in small groups, repeating sentences and providing more direct prompts. For fast learners, encourage them to identify more complex items and their materials or to describe simple properties of the materials (e.g., “Wood is hard,” “Glass is smooth”).

Suggested Lesson Videos

Search on YouTube for: “Primary 2 English What things are made of”