Grammar: Indicating Plurals with “We Are” and “You Are” for Primary 2

Class: Primary 2
Term: First Term
Week: 2
Age: 7 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: English Studies
Curriculum Theme: Grammatical Accuracy
Previous Lesson: Reading: Structure Patterns, Past Actions and Question-and-Answer Passages
Topic: Grammar: Indicating Plurals with “We Are” and “You Are”
Subject Matter: Indicating plurals, using the structure: “We are”, “You are”. -Indicating plurals using nouns: (i) We are boys/girls (ii) They are teachers

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify plural nouns in sentences.
• Construct simple sentences using “We are” with plural nouns.
• Construct simple sentences using “You are” with plural nouns.
• Construct simple sentences using “They are” with plural nouns.

Affective Domain

• Participate actively in sentence-making activities.
• Appreciate the importance of correct grammar in communication.

Psychomotor Domain

• Write sentences correctly using “We are”, “You are”, and “They are” with plural nouns.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2014 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• Primary 2 English Language Textbook
• NAPPS/FCT ERC  Scheme of work for Primary 2

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Chart showing examples of plural sentences
• Flash cards with singular and plural nouns
• Pupils’ notebooks
• English Language textbook

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because it builds a foundational understanding of plural forms in English, which is essential for clear and accurate communication. Mastering the use of “We are”, “You are”, and “They are” with plural nouns helps pupils construct grammatically correct sentences from an early age. This skill supports their writing and speaking abilities across all subjects.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils should have a basic understanding of singular nouns and simple sentence structures. They should also be able to identify common nouns.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Grammar: Indicating Plurals with “We Are” and “You Are”

Understanding Plurals

Plurals mean more than one of something. We often add ‘s’ or ‘es’ to nouns to make them plural.

Examples:

1. Boy – Boys
2. Girl – Girls
3. Teacher – Teachers
4. Book – Books

Indicating Plurals with “We Are”

We use “We are” when talking about ourselves and one or more other people. It is always followed by a plural noun.

Examples:

1. We are pupils.
2. We are friends.
3. We are happy children.
4. We are Nigerians.

Indicating Plurals with “You Are”

We use “You are” when talking to one or more people. When talking to more than one person, it is followed by a plural noun.

Examples:

1. You are good students.
2. You are smart boys.
3. You are kind girls.
4. You are helpful neighbours.

Indicating Plurals with “They Are”

We use “They are” when talking about two or more people or things that are not us or the person we are talking to. It is always followed by a plural noun.

Examples:

1. They are teachers.
2. They are doctors.
3. They are playing children.
4. They are new books.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Explanation, Question and Answer, Guided Practice, Individual Practice, Demonstration.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Activating prior knowledge

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and reminds them about singular nouns (e.g., a boy, a girl). The teacher then asks pupils to say what they think “plural” means.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the greetings and share their ideas about plurals.

Learning Point: Introduction to plurals

Step 2: Explanation of Plurals

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains that plurals mean “more than one”. The teacher writes examples of singular and plural nouns on the board (e.g., boy/boys, girl/girls, teacher/teachers) and uses flashcards to demonstrate.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, repeat the words, and observe the flashcards.

Learning Point: Meaning of plurals

Step 3: Introducing “We Are”

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces “We are” by pointing to themselves and a group of pupils, saying “We are pupils.” The teacher explains that “We are” is used when talking about themselves and others, followed by a plural noun. The teacher writes examples on the board.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils repeat the sentences and identify themselves as part of “we”.

Learning Point: Using “We are”

Step 4: Practicing “We Are”

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to make sentences using “We are” with different plural nouns (e.g., “We are friends,” “We are children”). The teacher encourages pupils to create their own sentences.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils make sentences with “We are” and plural nouns.

Learning Point: Constructing “We are” sentences

Step 5: Introducing “You Are”

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces “You are” by pointing to a group of pupils and saying, “You are good students.” The teacher explains that “You are” is used when talking to more than one person, followed by a plural noun. The teacher writes examples on the board.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and repeat the sentences, understanding “you” refers to them as a group.

Learning Point: Using “You are”

Step 6: Practicing “You Are” and “They Are”

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to make sentences using “You are” (e.g., “You are smart boys”). The teacher then introduces “They are” by pointing to another group or pictures of people (e.g., “They are teachers”) and guides pupils to make sentences with “They are” and plural nouns.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils make sentences using “You are” and “They are” with plural nouns.

Learning Point: Constructing “You are” and “They are” sentences

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What does “plural” mean?
2. Make a sentence using “We are” with a plural noun.
3. Make a sentence using “You are” with a plural noun.
4. Make a sentence using “They are” with a plural noun.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Assessment of plural indication

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to copy the essential Board Summary notes on indicating plurals with “We are”, “You are”, and “They are” into their notebooks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson notes

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Consolidation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly reminds pupils that “We are,” “You are,” and “They are” are used when talking about more than one person or thing. The teacher praises pupils for their participation.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and acknowledge the summary.

Learning Point: Reinforcement of plurals

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: Complete the following sentences using “We are”, “You are”, or “They are” with a suitable plural noun.

1. My friends and I __________.
2. (Talking to your classmates) __________ good pupils.
3. The boys and girls in the next class __________.
4. My mother and father __________.
5. (Talking to your siblings) __________ playing together.

Lesson Keywords

• Plural – More than one.
• We are – Used when talking about ourselves and others.
• You are – Used when talking to more than one person.
• They are – Used when talking about other people or things (more than one).
• Nouns – Naming words.

Differentiation

For weaker learners: Provide more direct examples and sentence starters. Use visual aids like flashcards with pictures of groups of people/objects. Encourage choral repetition and pair work for sentence construction.

For faster learners: Challenge them to create more complex sentences using adjectives before the plural nouns (e.g., “We are intelligent pupils”). Ask them to write short paragraphs using the learned structures.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For further understanding, search on YouTube for:
Primary 2 grammar we are you are plurals

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Before the lesson, prepare charts with examples of plural nouns and sentences using “We are,” “You are,” and “They are.” Have flashcards ready for singular and plural nouns. Begin by reviewing singular nouns to build a bridge to the concept of plurals. Clearly explain that “plural” means “more than one.” When introducing “We are,” ensure you include yourself in the group you are referring to. For “You are,” address the entire class or a group of pupils. For “They are,” refer to a group not directly involved in the conversation, perhaps using pictures or pointing to another class. Encourage active participation by having pupils create sentences orally before writing. During note-taking (Step 8), ensure pupils copy the Board Summary accurately. Pay close attention to common errors such as using a singular noun after “We are” or “You are” and provide immediate, gentle correction. The continuous assessment task should reinforce the lesson’s main objective.