Class: Primary 6
Term: 1st Term
Week: 9
Age: 11 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Yoruba
Curriculum Theme: Nigerian Languages
Previous Lesson: Ona Ibara Ẹni Soro, Ara Ti A N Lo and Ohun Elo Afojuri.
Topic: ÌTÀN DÒWE
Subject Matter: Ìtúmò ìtàndòwe, Àpẹẹrẹ ìtàndòwe, Àwọn òwe onítàn, Irú ìtàn tí ó bí irú òwe, Àpẹẹrẹ ìtàn ìjàpá àti ìgbín pẹ̀lú òwe inú rè

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define ìtàndòwe.
State at least three examples of ìtàndòwe.
Explain how a story can become a proverb.
Identify different types of stories that lead to proverbs.

Affective Domain:

Listen attentively to the teacher’s explanations.
Appreciate the cultural significance of Yoruba proverbs and their origins.

Psychomotor Domain:

Narrate a simple story that gives birth to a known proverb.
Correctly use a given ìtàndòwe in a sentence.

Share examples of ìtàndòwe with their classmates.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Yoruba Language.
Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work for Primary 6.
Àkọ́mọlédè Yoruba fun ilé-iwé Alákọ̀bẹ́rẹ̀ 6.
https://www.waecdirect.org/
https://www.neco.gov.ng/

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Storybooks (ìwé itan)
Proverb cards (kaadi òwe)
Pictures of tortoise (awòrán ijapa)
Whiteboard/Chalkboard (pátákó ìkòwé)
Chalk/Markers

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand the origins and deeper meanings of proverbs in Yoruba culture. This knowledge enables them to use proverbs correctly and appreciate the richness of their language and heritage, fostering a deeper connection to their cultural identity.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with basic Yoruba proverbs (òwe) and have listened to or read simple Yoruba stories (ìtàn) before.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

ÌTÀN DÒWE

Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe (Meaning of Ìtàndòwe)

Ìtàndòwe jẹ́ òwe tí ó ní ìpìlẹ̀ láti inú ìtàn tí gbogbo ènìyàn mọ̀. Kí ìtàn tó di òwe, ó gbọ́dọ̀ jẹ́ ìtàn tí ó ní ẹ̀kọ́ tó jinlẹ̀, tí a sì lè fi kọ́ni ní ìwà rere.

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe (Examples of Ìtàndòwe)

Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìtàndòwe ni àwọn wọ̀nyí:

“Bí ọbá ṣe ń ṣe ìkà, bẹ́ẹ̀ ni àwọn ìjọbá rẹ̀ ń tẹ̀lé.”
“Ìjàpá ni ó ní kí a máa fi ìgbín ṣe àwójú.”
“Ẹni tí ó wọ àṣọ funfun kò gbọ́dọ̀ gbẹ́nú igi.”

Àwọn Òwe Onítàn (Proverbs with Stories)

Àwọn òwe onítàn ni àwọn òwe tí a kò lè fi àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ wọn ṣe àlàyé láì sọ ìtàn tí ó bí wọn. Ìtàn ni ó ń ṣàlàyé ìtumọ̀ wọn.

Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe (Types of Stories that Birth Proverbs)

Àwọn irú ìtàn tí ó máa ń bí òwe ni àwọn wọ̀nyí:

Àróso (Fables/Folktales): Ìtàn àwọn ẹranko tí wọ́n ń hu ìwà bí ènìyàn.
Àgbàtana (Myths/Legends): Ìtàn àwọn ọlọ́run, àwọn àgbàlagbà akọni, àti bí ayé ṣe dálẹ̀.
Ìtàn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ (Historical Accounts): Ìtàn nipa àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ tèlẹ̀ rí.

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín pẹ̀lú Òwe Inú rè (Example Story of Tortoise and Snail with its Proverb)

Ìtàn sọ pé ní ọjọ́ kan, ìjàpá àti ìgbín lọ sí oko. Ìjàpá ń yára lọ, ó sì ń fẹ̀yìn wo ìgbín tí ó ń rìn lọ́rà. Nígbà tí ìjàpá dé oko, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí jẹun lọ́wọ́ọ́wọ́ láì ranti pé ìgbín ń bọ̀. Nígbà tí ìgbín dé, kò rí èyíkéyìí tó kù. Ìgbín wá bínú, ó sì sọ pé, “Ìjàpá ni ó ní kí a máa fi ìgbín ṣe àwójú.”

Òwe inú ìtàn: “Ìjàpá ni ó ní kí a máa fi ìgbín ṣe àwójú.”

Ìtumọ̀ òwe: Máṣé fi ẹni tí kò tí ì dé ṣe àwójú (àpẹẹrẹ) fún ohun tí ó fẹ́ ṣe. (Do not take an absent person as a reference for what you are about to do).

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Set Induction

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and reviews the previous lesson briefly. The teacher then asks pupils if they know any Yoruba proverbs and if they know the stories behind any of them. The teacher introduces the topic “ÌTÀN DÒWE” (Proverbs from Stories).

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, recall the previous lesson, share known proverbs, and listen to the introduction of the new topic.

Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and connect new knowledge to prior learning.

Step 2: Àlàyé Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Lecture

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of Ìtàndòwe, defining it as a proverb that originates from a well-known story with a moral lesson. The teacher writes the definition on the board.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, ask questions for clarification, and copy the definition from the board.

Learning Point: Pupils understand the definition of ìtàndòwe.

Step 3: Sísọ Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Illustration/Questioning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher provides several examples of ìtàndòwe, such as “Ìjàpá ni ó ní kí a máa fi ìgbín ṣe àwójú” and “Bí ọbá ṣe ń ṣe ìkà, bẹ́ẹ̀ ni àwọn ìjọbá rẹ̀ ń tẹ̀lé.” The teacher encourages pupils to mention other examples they know.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the examples, identify them, and attempt to provide their own examples of ìtàndòwe.

Learning Point: Pupils can identify and recall various examples of ìtàndòwe.

Step 4: Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Categorization

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the different types of stories that typically give birth to proverbs, such as Àróso (fables), Àgbàtana (myths/legends), and Ìtàn Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ (historical accounts). The teacher gives brief examples for each type.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and identify the different categories of stories and their characteristics.

Learning Point: Pupils understand that proverbs can originate from various types of stories.

Step 5: Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Storytelling/Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher narrates the story of Ìjàpá (Tortoise) and Ìgbín (Snail) and clearly explains how the proverb “Ìjàpá ni ó ní kí a máa fi ìgbín ṣe àwójú” originated from it. The teacher uses visual aids like pictures of tortoise if available.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the story, pay attention to how the proverb is derived, and understand its meaning and moral lesson.

Learning Point: Pupils grasp the connection between a specific story and its corresponding proverb.

Step 6: Ìṣeṣé Nínú Kilasì

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Group Work/Application

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher divides pupils into small groups and gives each group a simple proverb. They are asked to briefly discuss what kind of story might have given birth to it, or if they know the actual story.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils work in groups, discuss the proverbs, and share their ideas with the class.

Learning Point: Pupils apply their understanding of ìtàndòwe to new examples.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Kí ni ìtàndòwe? (What is ìtàndòwe?)
Sọ àpẹẹrẹ méjì tí o mọ̀. (Mention two examples you know.)
Báwo ni ìtàn ṣe lè di òwe? (How can a story become a proverb?)
Darukọ irú ìtàn kan tí ó máa ń bí òwe. (Name one type of story that often gives birth to proverbs.)

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarization/Assignment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of understanding the origins of proverbs. The teacher gives an assignment: “Wá ìtàn mìíràn tí ó bí òwe kan, kí o sì kọ ọ́ sínú ìwé àṣeṣé rẹ.” (Find another story that gave birth to a proverb and write it in your exercise book.)

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy down their assignment.

Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their learning and prepare for further exploration.

Lesson Keywords

Ìtàndòwe – Òwe tí ó ní ìpìlẹ̀ láti inú ìtàn (A proverb that originates from a story).
Òwe – Ọ̀rọ̀ àwọn àgbà tí ó ní ìtumọ̀ jinlẹ̀ (A wise saying or proverb).
Ìtàn – Àkọsílẹ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan (A story or account of an event).
Àpẹẹrẹ – Ohun tí a lè fi kọ́ni (An example).

Differentiation

For pupils who are struggling, the teacher will provide simpler proverbs and stories, offering more direct guidance and one-on-one support. For advanced learners, the teacher will encourage them to research and present more complex ìtàndòwe and their origins to the class, fostering deeper engagement and critical thinking.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure that the Yoruba pronunciations are clear and correct throughout the lesson. Encourage pupils to use their mother tongue in discussions. Use varied storytelling techniques to keep pupils engaged. Be prepared to share personal anecdotes or local stories that have led to proverbs to make the lesson more relatable. Emphasize the moral lessons embedded in the ìtàndòwe.

Itan Dòwe, Itumo, Apeere and Itan Ti O Di Owe for Primary 6

Specific Objectives

Cognitive Domain:

Affective Domain:

Psychomotor Domain:

Reference Materials

Instructional Materials

Rationale for the Lesson

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Lesson Content/Board Summary

ÌTÀN DÒWE

Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe (Meaning of Ìtàndòwe)

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe (Examples of Ìtàndòwe)

Àwọn Òwe Onítàn (Proverbs with Stories)

Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe (Types of Stories that Birth Proverbs)

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín pẹ̀lú Òwe Inú rè (Example Story of Tortoise and Snail with its Proverb)

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Step 2: Àlàyé Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe

Step 3: Sísọ Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe

Step 4: Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe

Step 5: Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín

Step 6: Ìṣeṣé Nínú Kilasì

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Step 8: Conclusion

Lesson Keywords

Differentiation

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Royal Alikor

Specific Objectives

Cognitive Domain:

Affective Domain:

Psychomotor Domain:

Social Domain:

Reference Materials

Instructional Materials

Rationale for the Lesson

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Lesson Content/Board Summary

ÌTÀN DÒWE

Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe (Meaning of Ìtàndòwe)

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe (Examples of Ìtàndòwe)

Àwọn Òwe Onítàn (Proverbs with Stories)

Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe (Types of Stories that Birth Proverbs)

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín pẹ̀lú Òwe Inú rè (Example Story of Tortoise and Snail with its Proverb)

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Step 2: Àlàyé Ìtúmò Ìtàndòwe

Step 3: Sísọ Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàndòwe

Step 4: Irú Ìtàn tí ó Bí Irú Òwe

Step 5: Àpẹẹrẹ Ìtàn Ìjàpá àti Ìgbín

Step 6: Ìṣeṣé Nínú Kilasì

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Step 8: Conclusion

Lesson Keywords

Differentiation

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Royal Alikor