Class: Junior Secondary School 1 (JSS1, JSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Business Studies
Curriculum Theme: Business Studies
Previous Lesson: Introduction to Commerce, Importance and Activities Aiding Commerce
Topic: Division Of Commerce
Subject Matter: Classify Commerce, Differences between Home and Foreign Trades, Meaning of Import and Export Trades, Products involved in Home Trade, Products involved in Foreign Trade

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Classify commerce into trade and aids to trade.
(b) Differentiate between home and foreign trades.
(c) Explain the meaning of import and export trade.
(d) Identify products involved in both home and foreign trade.
Affective Domain:
(a) Appreciate the importance of commerce in linking producers and consumers.
(b) Develop interest in understanding how goods and services move from one place to another.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Draw a simple chart showing the division of commerce.
(b) Match given products to either home trade or foreign trade.
Social Domain:
(a) Work in groups to discuss examples of products exchanged locally and internationally.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
Wikipedia – Trade
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Chart showing the classification of commerce
Pictures of local and foreign products
Flash cards for product matching activities
Whiteboard and marker
A world map or globe

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because it helps students understand how commerce is divided, how goods move within and outside a country, and its role in promoting economic growth.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils already know that commerce deals with buying, selling, and distribution of goods and services from earlier lessons and can mention examples of goods they buy in their environment.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Division of Commerce

Commerce is divided into two main parts: Trade and Aids to Trade. Trade involves buying and selling of goods and services, while Aids to Trade are activities that support trade.

The following are the divisions of commerce:

Trade – buying and selling of goods and services.
Aids to Trade – services such as banking, insurance, transportation, communication, and warehousing that make trade easier.

Differences Between Home and Foreign Trade

Trade can be carried out within a country or between countries. Home trade is carried out inside the country, while foreign trade involves other nations.

The following are the differences between home and foreign trade:

Home trade takes place within the boundaries of one country, while foreign trade takes place across countries.
Home trade uses the local currency, while foreign trade involves foreign currencies.
Home trade does not require customs duties, while foreign trade involves tariffs and customs checks.
Home trade often has faster delivery, while foreign trade may take longer due to distance.

Meaning of Import and Export Trades

Foreign trade is divided into import and export. Import trade is bringing goods into a country from another, while export trade is sending goods out of a country to another.

The following are the types of foreign trade:

Import trade – buying goods from other countries.
Export trade – selling goods to other countries.

Products Involved in Home Trade

Products involved in home trade are those produced and consumed within the country. They are mostly goods and services needed by local people.

Examples are:

Farm produce like yam, rice, maize, and cassava.
Locally manufactured goods like clothes, furniture, and shoes.
Services like tailoring, barbing, and transport.

Products Involved in Foreign Trade

Foreign trade involves exchange of goods and services between countries. Products are usually those a country cannot easily produce or those in excess supply.

Examples include:

Nigeria exports crude oil, cocoa, and rubber.
Nigeria imports cars, electronics, and machinery.
Other products include foreign clothing and medicines.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Discussion, Lecture, Explanation, Demonstration, Group Work, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher asks pupils how goods like rice or phones reach their markets and relates answers to commerce.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by suggesting sources of goods.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared to learn about the division of commerce.

Step 2: Division of Commerce

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains trade and aids to trade using a chart.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and draw a simple diagram of commerce.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the two divisions of commerce.

Step 3: Differences Between Home and Foreign Trade

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher lists differences between home and foreign trade.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify goods in their environment that are local or foreign.
Learning Point: Pupils know the differences between home and foreign trade.

Step 4: Import, Export, and Products in Trade

Time: 12 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains import and export, and shows examples of products for home and foreign trade.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils classify given products into home or foreign trade.
Learning Point: Pupils can differentiate between import and export and classify products correctly.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher dictates or writes board summary for pupils to copy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy notes neatly into their books.
Learning Point: Pupils have a written record of the lesson.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

State the two major divisions of commerce.
Mention two differences between home and foreign trade.
Explain import and export trade.
Give two examples of products in home trade.
Give two examples of products in foreign trade.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer the questions orally.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher summarizes key points and emphasizes the role of commerce in connecting producers and consumers.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively and ask questions.
Learning Point: Pupils appreciate the importance of commerce.

Home Task: Give three correct examples of Division Of Commerce and explain what each example shows.

Lesson Keywords

Commerce – activities involved in buying, selling, and distribution of goods and services
Trade – the exchange of goods and services
Import – bringing goods into a country from another
Export – sending goods out of a country to another
Foreign trade – trade that takes place between countries

Differentiation

Teacher provides simplified examples and illustrations for weaker learners, while brighter pupils are asked to classify more challenging products into home or foreign trade.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Use real-life examples of goods around pupils to explain commerce. Encourage group discussion and participation. Ensure pupils can relate foreign trade examples to everyday products they know.