Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SSS 2 / SS2)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 10
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Visual Art
Curriculum Theme: Art Techniques and Processes
Previous Lesson: Computer Graphic Design Practical.
Topic: TEXTILE DESIGN AND PRINTING PROCESSES
Subject Matter: Meaning of textile printing (transferring designs onto fabric or material), textile printing processes (relief, silk screen, intaglio, planography)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define textile printing.
List and briefly explain different textile printing processes.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the artistic and commercial importance of textile printing.
Show interest in exploring different printing techniques.

Psychomotor Domain:

Identify materials and tools used in various printing processes.
Sketch simple patterns suitable for textile printing.

Participate actively in class discussions about textile printing.
Collaborate with peers to identify printing examples.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
W.K. Awoyemi (2018). Comprehensive Visual Art for Senior Secondary Schools. Ado-Ekiti: Fagbamigbe Publishers.

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Paper
Pro-film
Blankets
Table
Lacquer
Newsprint
Printing ink
Frame
Squeeze
Silk
Thinner
Tape
Examples of printed fabrics

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand how designs are transferred onto fabric, which is important for appreciating textile art and its practical applications. It enables pupils to identify various printing methods used in everyday items around them.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of art and design principles, and they might have seen examples of printed fabrics in their daily lives.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

TEXTILE DESIGN AND PRINTING PROCESSES

Meaning of Textile Printing

Textile printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in definite patterns or designs. It is essentially local dyeing, where colour is applied to specific areas of the fabric to create a desired pattern, rather than dyeing the whole fabric.

Textile Printing Processes

The main textile printing processes include:

Relief Printing: In this method, the raised surface of the printing block carries the design. Ink is applied to this raised surface, and then pressed onto the fabric. Examples include woodcut and linocut.
Silk Screen Printing: This technique uses a mesh screen, typically made of silk or synthetic fabric, stretched over a frame. A stencil is created on the screen, blocking ink from passing through certain areas. Ink is then forced through the open areas of the mesh onto the fabric using a squeegee.
Intaglio Printing: Opposite to relief printing, in intaglio printing, the design is incised or etched into the surface of the printing plate. Ink fills these recessed lines, and the surface is wiped clean. When pressed, the ink from the incised lines transfers to the fabric. Examples include engraving and etching.
Planography (Lithography): This method involves printing from a flat surface, where the image area and non-image area are on the same plane. It relies on the principle that oil and water do not mix. The image area is made oleophilic (oil-attracting), and the non-image area is made hydrophilic (water-attracting).

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to mention different ways designs are put on clothes or fabrics. The teacher then introduces the topic: Textile Design and Printing Processes.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the new lesson and relate it to their prior knowledge.

Step 2: Meaning of Textile Printing

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of textile printing as the process of transferring designs onto fabric or material, showing examples of printed fabrics.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the examples, and define textile printing in their own words.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the core concept of textile printing.

Step 3: Relief Printing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains relief printing, highlighting that the raised parts of the printing surface carry the ink. The teacher can use a simple stamp as an analogy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and identify the key characteristic of relief printing.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the principle of relief printing.

Step 4: Silk Screen Printing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Visual Aid
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains silk screen printing, describing the use of a mesh screen and stencil. The teacher can show a small screen or a picture of one.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and grasp the concept of silk screen printing.
Learning Point: Pupils learn about the silk screen printing method.

Step 5: Intaglio Printing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Comparison
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains intaglio printing as the opposite of relief printing, where the recessed lines hold the ink.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and differentiate intaglio from relief printing.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the principle of intaglio printing.

Step 6: Planography

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains planography (lithography), emphasizing the flat printing surface and the oil-water repulsion principle.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and understand the concept of planographic printing.
Learning Point: Pupils learn about planographic printing.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What is textile printing?
Mention two materials used in textile printing.
List three different textile printing processes.
Briefly explain one of the printing processes you have learned.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Assignment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson and assigns homework: “Draw and label a simple pattern suitable for screen printing.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy the homework and ask any remaining questions.
Learning Point: The lesson is concluded, and pupils have a task to reinforce learning.

Lesson Keywords

Textile printing – Applying colour to fabric in specific patterns.
Relief printing – Printing from a raised surface.
Silk screen printing – Printing using a mesh screen and stencil.
Intaglio printing – Printing from incised or recessed lines.
Planography – Printing from a flat surface based on oil and water repulsion.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can encourage them to research practical examples of each printing method. For pupils needing more support, the teacher will provide clearer visual aids and simplified explanations, ensuring they can at least define textile printing and identify one process.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure they have visual aids or actual examples of printed fabrics and, if possible, simple tools for demonstration of at least one printing technique (e.g., a basic stamp for relief printing). Encourage pupils to discuss how these processes are used in everyday items like t-shirts, curtains, or traditional fabrics.