Tools, Materials and Equipment for Fabric Printing for SS 3

Class: SS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 9
Age: 17 years
Duration: 60 minutes
Subject: Dyeing and Bleaching
Curriculum Theme: Textile Arts and Production
Previous Lesson: Printing and printing techniques
Topic: PRINTING CONT-;
Subject Matter: Tools, materials and equipments for printing

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify various tools used in fabric printing.
• List common materials required for fabric printing.
• Describe the function of different equipment and protective gear for fabric printing.

Affective Domain

• Appreciate the importance of using appropriate tools and materials for quality printing.
• Recognise the need for safety precautions when handling printing materials.

Psychomotor Domain

• Handle printing tools and materials correctly under supervision.
• Demonstrate basic safety practices related to fabric printing.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2014 Senior Secondary Education Curriculum (SSEC)
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• A suitable Dyeing and Bleaching textbook for SS 3
• FCT ERC/NAPPS Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Actual samples or clear pictures/charts of a printing table
• Screen printing frame
• Mesh
• Squeegee
• Textile ink
• Turpentine
• Lacquer/varnish
• Rubber gloves

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important as it equips students with practical knowledge of the essential items needed for fabric printing. Understanding the tools, materials, and equipment ensures students can effectively and safely engage in printing activities. This foundational knowledge is crucial for producing high-quality printed fabrics and for their overall practical experience in textile design.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students should have a basic understanding of fabric types and general textile processes.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

PRINTING CONT-;

Tools, Materials and Equipment for Fabric Printing

Fabric printing involves the use of specific tools, materials, and equipment to transfer designs onto fabric. Knowledge of these items is essential for successful and safe printing.

Tools for Fabric Printing

These are instruments used manually to aid the printing process.

1. Printing Table: A flat, smooth, and stable surface, often padded and covered with a fabric or rubber sheet, used to lay out the fabric for printing. It provides a firm base for applying pressure during printing.
2. Screen Printing Frame: A wooden or metal frame onto which a mesh screen is stretched. It holds the design stencil and provides the structure for the printing screen.
3. Mesh: A fine fabric (usually polyester or nylon) stretched tightly over the screen printing frame. It holds the stencil and allows ink to pass through the open areas of the design. Mesh count varies depending on the detail of the design and type of ink.
4. Squeegee: A tool with a rubber blade attached to a handle, used to pull ink across the mesh screen. It forces the ink through the open areas of the stencil onto the fabric below.

Materials for Fabric Printing

These are the consumables used up during the printing process.

1. Textile Ink: Special inks formulated for printing on fabric. They are designed to be durable, washable, and resistant to fading once cured. They come in various colours and types (e.g., water-based, plastisol).
2. Turpentine: A solvent used for thinning oil-based inks and for cleaning tools and screens after use. It helps to remove stubborn ink residues.
3. Lacquer/Varnish: Used as a screen filler or block-out medium to create stencils on the mesh. It blocks areas of the screen where ink is not intended to pass through.

Equipment and Protective Gear for Fabric Printing

These are items that facilitate the printing process or protect the user.

1. Rubber Gloves: Essential personal protective equipment (PPE) worn to protect hands from direct contact with inks, solvents, and cleaning agents. They prevent skin irritation and contamination.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Question and Answer, Explanation, Observation, Practical Activity

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining/Questioning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and reviews the previous lesson briefly. The teacher then introduces the topic by asking students what they think is needed to print a design on fabric, linking their responses to the idea of tools, materials, and equipment.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction of the new topic.

Learning Point: Introduction to printing essentials

Step 2: Identification of Printing Tools

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Identification

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays actual examples or clear pictures of printing tools such as the printing table, screen printing frame, mesh, and squeegee. The teacher names each tool and briefly explains its primary function in fabric printing.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the displayed tools, listen to their names and functions, and identify them.

Learning Point: Printing tools identification

Step 3: Identification of Printing Materials

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Display

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays samples or pictures of printing materials like textile ink, turpentine, and lacquer/varnish. The teacher names each material and explains its role and importance in the printing process, including safety notes for solvents.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the materials, listen to their uses, and note safety precautions.

Learning Point: Printing materials identification

Step 4: Identification of Equipment and Protective Gear

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Emphasis

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays rubber gloves and explains their importance as protective equipment during fabric printing. The teacher stresses the need for safety when handling chemicals and inks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the protective gear and understand its importance for safety.

Learning Point: Safety equipment importance

Step 5: Guided Observation and Handling

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Practical Guidance

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher allows students to carefully observe and, where safe and appropriate, handle the displayed tools and materials (e.g., frame, squeegee, empty ink containers, gloves). The teacher guides them on correct handling techniques.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the materials and tools closely, handle them as guided, and ask questions for clarification.

Learning Point: Correct tool handling

Step 6: Discussion and Clarification

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Question and Answer

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher facilitates a brief discussion, encouraging students to ask any questions they have about the tools, materials, or equipment. The teacher provides clear and concise answers to address misconceptions.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils ask questions and participate in the discussion, seeking clarification on any unclear points.

Learning Point: Understanding printing items

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Name three tools used in fabric printing.
2. List two materials essential for fabric printing.
3. Why are rubber gloves important when printing fabric?
4. Describe the function of a squeegee.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Identification of printing items

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils/students to copy the essential Board Summary notes on tools, materials, and equipment for fabric printing into their notebooks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils/students copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson content

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Consolidation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises the key points of the lesson, reiterating the importance of knowing and safely using the correct tools, materials, and equipment for fabric printing. The teacher encourages students to continue exploring fabric printing techniques.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and prepare for the next lesson.

Learning Point: Lesson recap and reinforcement

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework/Research

Instruction: Answer the following questions in your notebook:

1. Research and write a short paragraph on two different types of textile inks and their specific applications.
2. Explain the process of preparing a screen printing frame with mesh.
3. Identify and list three safety precautions to observe when working with fabric printing materials in a workshop.

Lesson Keywords

• Printing Table – A flat surface for laying fabric during printing.
• Screen Printing Frame – A frame holding the mesh for printing.
• Mesh – The fine fabric stretched on a frame, holding the stencil.
• Squeegee – A tool with a rubber blade for spreading ink across the screen.
• Textile Ink – Special ink for printing on fabric.
• Turpentine – A solvent for thinning inks and cleaning tools.
• Lacquer – A material used to block out areas on a screen.
• Rubber Gloves – Protective gear for hands.

Differentiation

For students who grasp the concepts quickly, encourage them to research different types of screen printing meshes and their uses. For students needing additional support, provide labelled diagrams of the tools and materials and allow for peer-assisted learning during the observation and handling activity.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For visual demonstrations of fabric printing tools and materials, search on YouTube for: “fabric printing tools materials SS3 nigeria”