Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1 / SSS 1)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 6
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Garment Making
Curriculum Theme: Trade
Previous Lesson: Fastening: Methods Of Attaching Zips.
Topic: PATTERNS
Subject Matter: Definition of patterns, Pattern drafting, Advantages of patterns, Drafting tools

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define pattern.
Explain the process of pattern drafting.
State at least three advantages of using patterns.
Identify various tools used for pattern drafting.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of patterns in garment construction.
Show interest in learning pattern drafting techniques.

Psychomotor Domain:

Demonstrate the correct use of at least two pattern drafting tools.
Attempt a simple pattern drafting exercise.

Participate actively in discussions about patterns and their uses.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Home Economics (Senior Secondary Education).
State Unified Scheme of Work for Garment Making (Senior Secondary).
Anyanwu, A. C. (2010). Clothing and Textile for Senior Secondary Schools. Ibadan: Evans Brothers Publishers.

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Various pattern drafting tools (rulers, French curve, hip curve, measuring tape, tailor’s chalk, tracing wheel, pattern master, scissors).
Sample paper patterns (e.g., for a basic bodice or skirt).
Chart showing different pattern drafting tools.
Chalkboard and chalk.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand the foundational step of pattern making in garment construction. It enables them to appreciate how patterns ensure accuracy and consistency in sewing, which are important skills for anyone interested in fashion design or tailoring.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of sewing, garment parts, and simple measurements from previous lessons.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

PATTERNS

Definition of Patterns

A pattern in garment making is a template from which parts of a garment are traced onto fabric before being cut out and assembled. It serves as a guide for cutting fabric accurately to ensure the garment fits correctly.

Pattern Drafting

Pattern drafting is the process of creating a pattern from scratch using body measurements, design specifications, and drafting tools. It involves drawing basic blocks and then manipulating them to create different styles.

Advantages of Using Patterns

The following are advantages of using patterns:

It ensures accuracy in cutting and fitting garments.
It saves time as the pattern can be reused multiple times for similar designs.
It helps to conserve fabric by optimizing layout before cutting.
It allows for consistency in garment production, especially when making multiple pieces of the same design.
It helps to identify and correct design flaws before cutting the actual fabric.

Tools for Pattern Drafting

The following are tools used for pattern drafting:

Pattern Paper: Large sheets of paper used to draw patterns.
Measuring Tape: Used for taking body measurements and marking lengths on paper.
Rulers (Straight, L-square): Used for drawing straight lines and right angles.
French Curve: Used for drawing various curved lines like necklines and armholes.
Hip Curve: Used for drawing curved lines for hips and waist.
Pencils/Markers: For drawing and marking lines on pattern paper.
Eraser: For correcting mistakes.
Scissors (Paper): For cutting out drafted patterns.
Tracing Wheel: Used to transfer pattern markings or duplicate patterns.
Pattern Master: A multi-purpose tool combining various curves and rulers.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them what they think is the first step after taking measurements when making a garment. The teacher then introduces the topic “PATTERNS”.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the question and listen attentively to the introduction of the topic.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and understand the lesson’s focus.

Step 2: Definition of Patterns

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines what a pattern is in garment making, using simple terms and showing a sample pattern. The teacher explains its role as a template.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the sample pattern, and contribute their understanding.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the basic definition of a pattern.

Step 3: Pattern Drafting

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the concept of pattern drafting as the process of creating these templates from measurements. The teacher briefly demonstrates a simple aspect of drafting (e.g., drawing a straight line or a basic curve) on pattern paper.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration and ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils grasp the idea of creating patterns from scratch.

Step 4: Advantages of Patterns

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Elaboration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses the various advantages of using patterns in garment making, emphasizing accuracy, time-saving, and fabric conservation.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and list the advantages as discussed by the teacher.
Learning Point: Pupils understand why patterns are important for efficient and accurate garment construction.

Step 5: Tools for Pattern Drafting

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Identification/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays various pattern drafting tools (e.g., rulers, curves, measuring tape) and explains the function of each. The teacher also shows a chart with images of these tools.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify the tools, state their uses, and ask questions.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and state the uses of common pattern drafting tools.

Step 6: Class Activity/Practice

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Application/Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher provides small pieces of paper and asks pupils to practice drawing a simple straight line and a basic curve using a ruler and a French curve (if available in groups).
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils attempt to draw lines and curves under the teacher’s guidance.
Learning Point: Pupils gain practical experience with some drafting tools.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What is a pattern in garment making?
Explain what pattern drafting means.
Mention three advantages of using patterns.
List four tools used for pattern drafting.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, reiterating the importance of patterns and pattern drafting in garment making. The teacher assigns homework: “Draw and label any three pattern drafting tools.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy down the homework.
Learning Point: The lesson is reinforced, and pupils have follow-up tasks.

Lesson Keywords

Pattern – A template used to cut fabric for a garment.
Drafting – The act of drawing a pattern from measurements.
French Curve – A tool used for drawing smooth curved lines.
Tracing Wheel – A tool with teeth used to transfer pattern markings.

Differentiation

For visual learners, the teacher will use charts, diagrams, and actual pattern samples. Kinesthetic learners will benefit from the practical demonstration and guided practice with drafting tools. Struggling learners will receive additional support and simpler tasks during the activity, while advanced learners can be challenged to identify more complex curves or discuss pattern alterations.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure a variety of drafting tools are available for pupils to see and handle, if possible. Emphasize safety when demonstrating the use of sharp tools like scissors. Encourage pupils to ask questions and participate actively in discussions. Practical application, even on a small scale, helps solidify understanding.