Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1 / SSS 1)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 1
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Garment Making
Curriculum Theme: Trade
Previous Lesson: .
Topic: FACING AND INTERFACINGS: Types and functions of facings.
Subject Matter: Types of facings, Identification of interfacing fabrics, Functions of interfacings

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define facing and interfacing.
List three types of facings.
State at least three functions of interfacings.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of using facings and interfacings in garment construction.
Show interest in learning different garment construction techniques.

Psychomotor Domain:

Identify different samples of interfacing fabrics.
Differentiate between various types of facings.

Collaborate with peers to identify and discuss facing and interfacing samples.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Home Economics (Senior Secondary Education).
State Unified Scheme of Work for Garment Making (SSS 1).
Adelaja, F.K. (2018). Garment Making for Senior Secondary Schools Book 1. Learn Africa Plc.
https://www.textilelearner.net/facing-types-and-its-application/
https://blog.fabrics-store.com/2021/04/09/interfacing-guide-what-is-it-and-when-to-use-it/

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Samples of different types of facings (e.g., shaped, extended, bias).
Samples of various interfacing fabrics (e.g., fusible, non-fusible, woven, non-woven).
Whiteboard and markers.
Charts showing diagrams of facings and interfacings.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand important techniques used to finish garment edges neatly and add shape and support. Knowing about facings and interfacings enables pupils to construct durable and professional-looking garments, which is valuable for personal use and potential entrepreneurship in fashion.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of garment parts and simple sewing techniques.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

FACING AND INTERFACINGS

What is a Facing?

A facing is a piece of fabric used to finish a raw edge of a garment, such as a neckline, armhole, or opening. It is cut in the same shape as the edge it finishes, then sewn to the garment and turned to the inside, providing a neat and clean finish.

Types of Facings

The following are common types of facings:

Shaped Facing: This type of facing is cut to precisely match the shape of the garment edge it finishes. It is often used for necklines and armholes.
Extended Facing: An extended facing is cut as an extension of the garment piece itself, forming a continuous part of the main garment section. It is commonly used for front openings or plackets.
Bias Facing: A bias facing is a strip of fabric cut on the bias grain (45 degrees to the selvage). It is flexible and can be used to finish curved or straight edges, especially when a shaped facing is impractical.

What is an Interfacing?

Interfacing is a material used between two layers of fabric in a garment to provide support, stability, shape, and crispness. It helps to reinforce certain areas and prevent stretching or sagging.

Identification of Interfacing Fabrics

Interfacing fabrics can be identified by their characteristics, which include:

Fusible Interfacing: This type has an adhesive coating on one side that bonds to the fabric when heat and pressure are applied with an iron. It comes in various weights and can be woven or non-woven.
Non-Fusible Interfacing: This type is sewn into the garment layers without adhesive. It is attached by stitching it to the fabric. It is also available in different weights and materials.
Woven Interfacing: Made from woven fabric, it has a distinct grainline and provides stable support.
Non-Woven Interfacing: Made from compressed fibers, it has no grainline and is often used for its versatility and ease of use.
Knit Interfacing: Made from knitted fabric, it offers stretch and is suitable for knit garments.

Functions of Interfacings

Interfacings perform several important functions in garment construction:

They provide shape and body to specific garment areas, such as collars, cuffs, and waistbands.
They prevent stretching and sagging of fabric, especially in stress areas like buttonholes and pockets.
They add crispness and firmness to edges and details.
They reinforce fabric and make it more durable.
They help to stabilize fabric for easier sewing.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to observe the finishing around the necklines and armholes of their uniforms. The teacher then asks what they think gives these areas a neat and firm finish.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the questions and share their observations.
Learning Point: Pupils are introduced to the concept of facings and interfacings and their role in garment finishing.

Step 2: Explanation of Facing

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines facing and explains its purpose in garment construction. The teacher then presents samples of garments or garment parts with different types of facings, pointing out how each is applied.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, observe the samples, and ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what a facing is and its general application.

Step 3: Types of Facings

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Listing
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses and demonstrates the three main types of facings: shaped, extended, and bias facings, using the prepared samples. The teacher explains where each type is commonly used.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the samples, compare the different types, and take notes.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and differentiate between shaped, extended, and bias facings.

Step 4: Explanation of Interfacing

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines interfacing and explains why it is used in garment making, highlighting its role in adding support and shape.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and note the definition and purpose of interfacing.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the concept and general use of interfacing.

Step 5: Identification of Interfacing Fabrics

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Identification
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents various samples of interfacing fabrics (e.g., fusible, non-fusible, woven, non-woven) and guides pupils to identify their characteristics by touch and observation. The teacher explains how each type is applied.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils handle the samples, feel their textures, observe their properties, and identify different types of interfacing fabrics.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and distinguish between different types of interfacing fabrics.

Step 6: Functions of Interfacings

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Elaboration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher leads a discussion on the various functions of interfacings, asking pupils to suggest areas in garments where they might be used for support or shape. The teacher consolidates their responses.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils contribute to the discussion, suggest examples, and listen to the teacher’s explanations.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the specific functions and benefits of using interfacings in garment construction.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define facing and interfacing.
List three types of facings.
Mention at least three functions of interfacings.
Describe how you would identify a fusible interfacing.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of facings and interfacings for professional garment finishing. The teacher then assigns homework, asking pupils to bring any garment part (e.g., collar, cuff) that uses facing or interfacing.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and note down the homework.
Learning Point: Pupils recall the main concepts of the lesson and prepare for practical application.

Lesson Keywords

Facing – A piece of fabric used to finish a raw edge of a garment.
Interfacing – A material placed between layers of fabric to provide shape, support, and stability.
Shaped Facing – A facing cut to match the exact shape of the garment edge.
Extended Facing – A facing that is an extension of the main garment piece.
Bias Facing – A strip of fabric cut on the bias grain, used for flexible finishing.
Fusible Interfacing – Interfacing with an adhesive that bonds with heat.
Non-Fusible Interfacing – Interfacing sewn into the garment layers without adhesive.

Differentiation

For visual learners, the teacher will use charts and real-life samples of garments. Kinesthetic learners will benefit from handling and identifying the different interfacing fabrics. Auditory learners will engage through discussions and explanations. Pupils requiring additional support will be paired with more advanced learners for peer discussion and identification exercises.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure a good variety of facing and interfacing samples are available for pupils to touch and examine. Real garment examples (e.g., a shirt collar, a dress neckline) showing the finished effect of facings and interfacings will greatly enhance understanding. Encourage pupils to ask questions and share their observations.