Places That Need Sanitation and How to Keep Them Clean for Pre-School Level 4

Class: Pre-School Level 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 3
Age: 5 years
Duration: 30 minutes
Subject: Health Habits
Curriculum Theme: Health Habits
Previous Lesson: Not separately stated in the scheme.
Topic: Places That Need Sanitation and How to Keep Them Clean
Subject Matter: Sanitation – Places that need to be sanitised. Weekly focus: Places That Need Sanitation and How to Keep Them Clean.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify at least three places in school or at home that need to be kept clean.
• Name simple tools used for cleaning, such as a broom and dustpan.

Affective Domain

• Show willingness to participate in keeping their environment clean.
• Appreciate the importance of a clean environment for good health.

Psychomotor Domain

• Demonstrate simple actions of cleaning, like sweeping or picking up litter.
• Practise putting rubbish in a dustbin.

Social Domain

• Work together with classmates to tidy the classroom.

Reference Materials

• NAPPS National Unified Teaching Scheme for Pre-School Level 4
• Relevant Early Childhood Care and Education resources
• Pictures and charts showing clean and dirty environments

Instructional Materials

• Pictures/charts of different places (classroom, home, toilet, playground) showing clean and dirty states
• Real broom and dustpan (child-sized if available)
• Dustbin
• Small pieces of paper/litter for demonstration
• MP4 player or tablet/phone for video display

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important for 5-year-olds as it teaches them practical ways to maintain hygiene in their immediate surroundings, both at school and at home. Understanding sanitation at this age helps them develop healthy habits early, promoting their well-being and preventing the spread of germs and sickness.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can identify different parts of their school and home. They have been taught simple health habits like washing hands and keeping themselves clean.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Places That Need Sanitation and How to Keep Them Clean

Sanitation means keeping places clean and healthy. When places are clean, we stay healthy and happy!

Places that need to be sanitised:

• Our Classroom: This is where we learn and play. The floor, desks, and shelves need to be clean.
• Our Home: Our living room, bedroom, kitchen, and bathroom need to be clean.
• School Compound/Playground: The area outside our classroom and where we play needs to be free of litter.
• Toilets/Latrines: These places must be kept very clean to stop germs from spreading.

How to keep these places clean:

• Sweeping: Use a broom to sweep dirt and dust from the floor.
• Dusting: Use a cloth to wipe dust from tables, chairs, and shelves.
• Picking up litter: Always pick up rubbish and put it in the dustbin. Do not throw things on the ground.
• Arranging things: Put toys, books, and other items back in their proper places.
• Flushing the toilet: After using the toilet, always flush it properly.
• Washing hands: Always wash hands with soap and water after using the toilet and before eating.

What the Teacher Should Show or Draw

• Display pictures of a clean classroom and a dirty classroom.
• Show pictures of a clean toilet and a dirty toilet.
• Demonstrate how to sweep with a broom and dustpan.
• Demonstrate how to pick up litter and put it in a dustbin.

Clean-Up Song

Tune: “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”

Lyrics:

Clean up, clean up, everyone,
Let’s make our classroom bright like sun.
Sweep the floor and dust the shelf,
Help to keep it clean yourself.
Clean up, clean up, everyone,
Keeping clean is lots of fun!

Actions: Pupils can pretend to sweep, dust, and point to different parts of the classroom as they sing. They can clap hands on “lots of fun!”

How to use the rhyme: Sing the song together while demonstrating cleaning actions. Encourage pupils to join in with the actions.

Watch and Practise

Let’s watch a video about cleaning up and keeping our places tidy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o04_rN82b54

Key Words

• Sanitation – keeping places clean and healthy.
• Clean – free from dirt, dust, or germs.
• Dustbin – a container for rubbish.
• Broom – a tool for sweeping floors.
• Dustpan – a pan used to collect swept dirt.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Play-based Learning, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Songs and Rhymes, Picture Talk, Question and Answer, Practical Activity, Repetition.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engaging/Recalling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them what they remember about keeping themselves clean. The teacher then introduces the topic: “Today, we will learn about places that need cleaning and how to keep them clean.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction.

Learning Point: Pupils recall previous knowledge and are introduced to the new topic.

Step 2: Identifying Places That Need Sanitation

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Observation/Identification

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays pictures/charts of different places (classroom, home, toilet, playground) and asks pupils if they look clean or dirty. The teacher guides pupils to identify places that need to be cleaned regularly.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the pictures, point to places, and name places that need cleaning (e.g., “Our classroom,” “The toilet,” “My house”).

Learning Point: Pupils identify various places that require sanitation.

Step 3: Discussing How to Keep Places Clean

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Discussion

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses simple ways to keep the identified places clean, using the pictures as prompts (e.g., “What can we do to make this classroom clean?”). The teacher introduces tools like broom, dustpan, and dustbin.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils offer ideas (e.g., “Sweep the floor,” “Put rubbish in the bin”). They name the tools shown by the teacher.

Learning Point: Pupils learn simple methods and tools for cleaning different places.

Step 4: Teacher Demonstration of Cleaning Actions

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates simple cleaning actions:

1. How to sweep with a broom and collect dirt with a dustpan.
2. How to pick up a piece of litter and put it in the dustbin.
3. How to wipe a surface with a cloth (dusting).

The teacher also reminds them about flushing the toilet and washing hands.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the teacher’s demonstrations carefully and listen to the instructions.

Learning Point: Pupils see how to perform basic cleaning tasks.

Step 5: Guided Practice and Song Reinforcement

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice/Reinforcement

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher distributes small pieces of paper (pretend litter) on the floor and guides pupils to pick them up and put them in the dustbin. The teacher then leads the class in singing the “Clean-Up Song” with actions.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils pick up the pretend litter and put it in the dustbin. They sing the “Clean-Up Song” with the teacher, performing the actions.

Learning Point: Pupils practise cleaning actions and reinforce learning through song.

Step 6: Pupil Application (Sanitising the Classroom)

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Application/Supervision

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to participate in a simple classroom clean-up. This could involve sweeping a small area, dusting a desk, or arranging books. The teacher supervises and encourages teamwork.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils actively participate in sanitising the classroom by performing simple tasks as guided by the teacher.

Learning Point: Pupils apply their learning by helping to clean their immediate environment.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher checks pupils’ understanding through short questions and practical tasks.

1. “Name one place in our school that needs to be kept clean.”
2. “Show me how you would sweep the floor.” (Pupils demonstrate with imaginary broom or real one if safe)
3. “What should we do with rubbish?”
4. “Why is it important to keep our places clean?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally and demonstrate the required skill where appropriate.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 1 minute

Teaching Skill: Summarising/Encouragement

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises by reminding pupils that keeping our school, home, and surroundings clean helps us stay healthy. The teacher encourages them to always help keep their environment tidy.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and affirm their commitment to keeping places clean.

Learning Point: Pupils understand the overall importance of sanitation and are encouraged to practise it.

Lesson Keywords

• Sanitation – keeping places clean and healthy.
• Clean – free from dirt.
• Dustbin – a bin for rubbish.
• Broom – a tool for sweeping.
• Dustpan – a tool to collect dirt.

Differentiation

• Support: For pupils who struggle, the teacher can provide more direct physical guidance during cleaning demonstrations (e.g., hand-over-hand for sweeping), use larger pictures, and simplify questions to simple “yes/no” or pointing tasks.
• Extension: For quicker pupils, the teacher can ask them to name more places that need cleaning, identify other cleaning tools, or explain in simple words *why* a particular place needs cleaning (e.g., “The toilet needs cleaning because of germs”).

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have all the instructional materials ready, especially the real broom, dustpan, and dustbin for demonstration. If possible, have child-sized cleaning tools. Prepare small pieces of paper to simulate litter for the guided practice. The video should be pre-loaded and tested. Emphasise the practical aspect of cleaning through demonstration and guided practice. Encourage all pupils to participate actively, even if it’s just picking up one piece of paper. Focus on the idea that everyone has a role in keeping their environment clean. Observable understanding will be pupils’ ability to point to places needing cleaning, name a cleaning tool, and demonstrate a simple cleaning action like putting litter in the bin or pretending to sweep.