Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1 / SSS 1)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 6
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Printing Craft
Curriculum Theme: Trade
Previous Lesson: Safety In Binding And Finishing Workshop: Guillotine Use And Fire Safety.
Topic: MAINTENANCE OF MACHINES, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENTS IN PRINTING WORKSHOP
Subject Matter: Naming tools and equipment in printing workshop, Maintenance procedures for tools, Cleaning and inspection routines, Proper storage of equipment, Basic lubrication and care practices

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Name at least five tools and equipment used in a printing workshop.
State three reasons for maintaining printing tools and equipment.
Explain basic maintenance procedures for printing tools.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of proper care and maintenance of workshop tools.
Develop a sense of responsibility towards handling printing equipment.

Psychomotor Domain:

Demonstrate simple cleaning routines for printing tools.
Identify correctly stored and improperly stored tools.

Discuss the collective benefits of maintaining a clean and organised workshop.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Printing Craft.
State Unified Scheme of Work for Senior Secondary Schools.
Printing Craft for Senior Secondary Schools by O. A. Adebayo.

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Cleaning cloth
Lubricant oil
Tool box
Brush
Maintenance checklist
Charts showing various printing tools and equipment

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand why it is important to take care of tools and machines in a printing workshop. Proper maintenance ensures the tools last longer, work efficiently, and helps prevent accidents, which is essential for any pupil working with equipment.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of common tools and equipment used in a printing workshop.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

MAINTENANCE OF MACHINES, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENT IN PRINTING WORKSHOP

Naming Tools and Equipment in a Printing Workshop

A printing workshop uses various tools and equipment to carry out different tasks. Knowing these tools is the first step to proper maintenance.

Examples of tools and equipment include:

Cutting machines (e.g., guillotine)
Printing presses (e.g., offset press, screen printing press)
Paper drills
Staplers and binders
Hand tools (e.g., screwdrivers, wrenches, pliers, measuring tapes)
Ink mixing tools
Cleaning brushes and cloths

Importance of Maintenance of Tools and Equipment

Maintaining tools and equipment is important for several reasons:

It extends the lifespan of the tools and machines.
It ensures the equipment functions efficiently and produces quality work.
It prevents breakdowns and costly repairs.
It promotes safety in the workshop by reducing the risk of accidents.
It helps in keeping the workshop organised and clean.

Maintenance Procedures for Tools and Equipment

General maintenance procedures involve regular cleaning, inspection, lubrication, and proper storage.

Key maintenance procedures include:

Regular cleaning after use.
Inspecting for wear and tear.
Lubricating moving parts.
Sharpening cutting tools when dull.
Tightening loose parts.
Storing tools correctly.

Cleaning and Inspection Routines

Cleaning and inspection should be done regularly.

Cleaning routines:

Wipe down surfaces with a clean cloth to remove dust and ink.
Use appropriate cleaning agents for specific materials (e.g., solvent for ink).
Brush off debris from intricate parts.

Inspection routines:

Check for damaged or worn-out parts.
Look for loose screws or connections.
Identify any unusual noises or vibrations during operation.
Ensure safety guards are in place and functional.

Proper Storage of Equipment

Correct storage protects tools from damage and makes them easy to find.

Ways to ensure proper storage:

Store tools in designated places (e.g., toolboxes, racks, cabinets).
Keep sharp tools covered or in protective sheaths.
Store heavy equipment on sturdy shelves or on the floor.
Ensure the storage area is clean, dry, and free from moisture.

Basic Lubrication and Care Practices

Lubrication reduces friction and prevents rust on moving parts.

Basic lubrication and care practices:

Apply lubricant oil or grease to moving parts as specified by the manufacturer.
Do not over-lubricate, as this can attract dust and dirt.
Use the correct type of lubricant for each machine.
Regularly check oil levels in machines that require it.
Protect tools from rust by applying a thin layer of oil if storing for a long time.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to name some tools they use at home or in school and how they take care of them. The teacher then links their responses to the importance of taking care of tools in a printing workshop.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively.
Learning Point: Pupils are introduced to the concept of tool maintenance and its relevance.

Step 2: Naming Tools and Equipment in a Printing Workshop

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Identification/Recall
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays charts showing various printing tools and equipment. The teacher then asks pupils to identify and name them, providing corrections and additional names where necessary.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify and name the tools and equipment shown on the charts.
Learning Point: Pupils recall and identify common tools and equipment used in a printing workshop.

Step 3: Importance of Maintenance

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the importance of maintaining tools and equipment, highlighting reasons such as extended lifespan, efficiency, safety, and cost saving. The teacher encourages pupils to contribute their ideas.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, ask questions, and contribute to the discussion on why maintenance is important.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the reasons for maintaining printing tools and equipment.

Step 4: Maintenance Procedures for Tools and Equipment

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Elucidation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the general maintenance procedures, including cleaning, inspection, lubrication, and proper storage. The teacher uses simple examples for clarity.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and take notes on the various maintenance procedures.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the basic steps involved in maintaining workshop tools.

Step 5: Cleaning and Inspection Routines

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates simple cleaning routines using a cleaning cloth and brush on a sample tool. The teacher also explains what to look for during inspection, such as loose parts or wear.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration and ask questions about cleaning and inspection.
Learning Point: Pupils understand how to perform basic cleaning and inspection of tools.

Step 6: Proper Storage and Basic Lubrication

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Application/Guidance
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the importance of proper storage and demonstrates how to apply lubricant oil to a moving part of a tool (if available). The teacher also shows examples of proper tool storage using a toolbox.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and learn about proper storage methods and basic lubrication practices.
Learning Point: Pupils grasp the concepts of proper tool storage and basic lubrication.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Mention three tools or equipment found in a printing workshop.
State two reasons why tools and equipment should be maintained.
List three common maintenance procedures for tools.
Explain the importance of proper storage for printing tools.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises the key points of the lesson, re-emphasising the importance of regular maintenance for safety, efficiency, and longevity of tools and equipment. The teacher then gives pupils an assignment to draw five printing tools and write one maintenance tip for each.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy down the assignment.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their understanding of the lesson and receive homework.

Lesson Keywords

Maintenance – The process of preserving tools and equipment in good working condition.
Lubrication – The application of oil or grease to reduce friction and wear between moving parts.
Inspection – The act of carefully examining tools and equipment for damage or wear.
Storage – The act of keeping tools and equipment in a safe and organised place when not in use.
Guillotine – A machine used for cutting large stacks of paper.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can ask them to research specific maintenance schedules for different types of printing machines. For those who need more support, the teacher can provide visual aids with labels and simple step-by-step instructions for cleaning a tool.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure they have actual tools or clear pictures to demonstrate cleaning and lubrication. Emphasise safety precautions when handling any workshop equipment. Encourage pupils to actively participate in identifying tools and discussing maintenance practices.