Class: Junior Secondary School 3 (JSS3, JSS 3)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 10
Age: 14 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Business Studies
Curriculum Theme: Business Studies
Previous Lesson: Setting Simple Business Goals and SWOT Analysis
Topic: Simple Single Business Plan
Subject Matter: Simple Single Business Plan – Procedures for drawing up simple single business plan.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Identify the main parts of a simple single business plan.
(b) Explain the steps involved in preparing a simple business plan.
Affective Domain:
(a) Appreciate the importance of planning before starting a business.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Develop a simple single business plan for a small-scale business idea.
Social Domain:
(a) Work cooperatively in groups to discuss and present a sample business plan.

Reference Materials

The following resources was used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
Small Business Administration – “Write your business plan” (https://www.sba.gov/business-guide/plan-your-business/write-your-business-plan)
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Sample business plan format or template
Chart showing sections of a business plan
Flash cards with business terms
Whiteboard and markers
Pictures or posters of small businesses

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson will help pupils understand how to prepare a simple business plan, which is essential for starting and managing any business successfully.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have previously learned about meaning, features, and types of business, and can mention examples of small-scale businesses in their environment.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Simple Single Business Plan

A simple single business plan is a short and clear written document that shows how a person intends to start and manage a small business successfully. It helps an entrepreneur to plan and control business activities effectively.

Procedures for Drawing up a Simple Single Business Plan

To draw up a simple single business plan, the following steps or procedures are followed:

Title Page: This contains the business name, logo, address, and owner’s details.
Executive Summary: This gives a brief overview of the business, including its purpose, objectives, and target market.
Description of the Business: This explains what the business does, the type of product or service offered, and the ownership structure.
Marketing Plan: This shows how the business intends to attract and keep customers. It includes details of pricing, promotion, and distribution.
Production or Operational Plan: This explains how goods or services will be produced, equipment to be used, and sources of raw materials.
Management and Organizational Plan: This outlines the business structure, major positions, and responsibilities of workers.
Financial Plan: This contains estimated cost of starting the business, expected income, and profit projections.
Conclusion: This summarizes the business idea and states why it will succeed.

Importance of Preparing a Business Plan

Preparing a business plan is necessary for effective business operation.

The following are the importance of a business plan:

It helps the owner to set clear goals and objectives.
It assists in managing business resources wisely.
It helps in identifying possible challenges and ways to solve them.
It serves as a guide for business operations.
It helps in securing financial support or loans from banks.
It provides a standard for measuring progress.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques:

Lecture, Discussion, Explanation, Demonstration, Group Work, Question and Answer, Use of Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher asks pupils if they have ever seen or heard of a written business plan and leads them to recall what was taught about business ownership.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by sharing ideas about small businesses in their environment.
Learning Point: Pupils are made ready to learn about business planning.

Step 2: Explanation of a Simple Single Business Plan

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains what a simple single business plan is and its role in small business management.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and ask questions for better understanding.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the meaning and purpose of a simple single business plan.

Step 3: Procedures for Drawing up a Business Plan

Time: 15 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher explains each step in drawing up a simple business plan using a chart and real-life examples.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in group discussions and identify each section of the business plan.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the procedures for preparing a simple business plan.

Step 4: Group Exercise

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher guides pupils to form groups and develop a brief plan for a small business idea like a school canteen or stationery shop.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils work in groups to create a short plan and present to the class.
Learning Point: Pupils apply what they have learned by developing a simple business plan.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher writes and dictates the lesson content summary for pupils to copy.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils write notes neatly into their books.
Learning Point: Pupils have written notes for future reference.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

State five procedures for preparing a simple single business plan.
Mention three importance of a business plan.
What information is found in the title page of a business plan?
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the evaluation questions.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of lesson objectives.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: Teacher summarizes the lesson and encourages pupils to always plan before starting any business.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and ask relevant questions.
Learning Point: Pupils appreciate the importance of business planning.

Lesson Keywords

Business Plan – a written document that outlines business goals and strategies.
Executive Summary – short description of the entire business plan.
Marketing Plan – strategy for promoting and selling products or services.
Financial Plan – estimated cost, income, and profit forecast.
Entrepreneur – a person who starts and manages a business.

Differentiation

Teacher supports slower learners with guided examples and templates, while advanced learners develop extended versions of a business plan or present orally.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Encourage creativity when pupils prepare their sample plans. Make the class practical by relating examples to local small businesses familiar to pupils.