Class: Junior Secondary School 2 (JSS2, JSS 2)
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 2
Age: 13 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
Previous Lesson: Quadrilaterals – Definition, Types and Construction
Topic: Polygons
Subject Matter: Definition of polygons, Types and sketches, Construction of polygons

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:
(a) Define polygons and describe their properties.
(b) Identify and classify different types of polygons.
(c) Draw simple polygons using geometric tools.
Affective Domain:
(a) Show interest in constructing polygons accurately.
(b) Appreciate the use of polygons in everyday life.
Psychomotor Domain:
(a) Construct polygons using ruler, protractor, and compass.
(b) Sketch different polygons with correct number of sides.
Social Domain:
(a) Work collaboratively in groups to draw polygons.
(b) Share ideas and assist peers in constructing accurate polygons.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Junior Secondary Schools
Math is Fun – Polygons: https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/polygons
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Ruler and protractor
Compass
Chalkboard and chalk
Visual charts showing different polygons
Drawing paper and pencils
Multimedia presentation showing polygon constructions

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson will help pupils understand the concept of polygons, recognize their types, and develop practical skills in geometric constructions.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils should be familiar with basic geometric shapes, straight lines, and the concept of angles from previous lessons in Basic Science and Technology.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Polygons

Definition of Polygons

A polygon is a closed plane figure made up of straight lines. The lines meet end to end, forming vertices, and the figure has at least three sides.

The following are key points about polygons:

Polygons are two-dimensional shapes.
Each side intersects exactly two other sides at its endpoints.
Polygons are named according to the number of sides they have.

Types of Polygons

Polygons are classified based on the number of sides and their properties.

These include:

Triangle – A polygon with 3 sides.
Quadrilateral – A polygon with 4 sides (e.g., square, rectangle).
Pentagon – A polygon with 5 sides.
Hexagon – A polygon with 6 sides.
Heptagon – A polygon with 7 sides.
Octagon – A polygon with 8 sides.
Nonagon – A polygon with 9 sides.
Decagon – A polygon with 10 sides.

Sketches of Polygons

Polygons can be represented visually to understand their shapes and properties.

Examples include:

Sketching a triangle with different types of angles.
Drawing quadrilaterals such as squares, rectangles, rhombuses, and parallelograms.
Illustrating polygons with more than four sides accurately using a ruler and protractor.

Construction of Polygons

Constructing polygons involves drawing them with correct measurements and angles.

The following are the steps to construct a polygon:

Determine the number of sides of the polygon.
Measure and draw equal sides using a ruler.
Use a protractor to measure interior angles accurately.
Connect the sides to form a closed figure.
Label the vertices of the polygon.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Lecture, Discussion, Demonstration, Explanation, Visual Aids, Group Work, Question and Answer

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher reviews previous knowledge on geometric shapes and asks pupils questions about basic polygons.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to questions and recall prior knowledge.
Learning Point: Activation of prior knowledge on geometric figures.

Step 2: Definition of Polygons

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Define polygons and explain their properties using visual aids.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen and note the definition and properties.
Learning Point: Understand what polygons are and their features.

Step 3: Types of Polygons

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Present different types of polygons with sketches on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Identify and classify polygons based on the number of sides.
Learning Point: Recognize various types of polygons.

Step 4: Sketches of Polygons

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Visual Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Demonstrate drawing polygons on the board and guide pupils in sketching.
Pupils’ Activity: Draw different polygons in their notebooks.
Learning Point: Ability to sketch polygons accurately.

Step 5: Construction of Polygons

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Show steps to construct polygons using ruler, protractor, and compass.
Pupils’ Activity: Construct polygons individually or in groups.
Learning Point: Develop psychomotor skills in constructing polygons.

Step 6: Note-Taking

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: Ask pupils to copy the main points from the board into their notebooks.
Pupils’ Activity: Write notes neatly and accurately.
Learning Point: Consolidation of key concepts.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define a polygon.
List three types of polygons.
Sketch a hexagon.
Describe the steps to construct a pentagon.
Pupils’ Activity: Answer questions and demonstrate construction if required.
Learning Point: Assess understanding and mastery of lesson objectives.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize key points and emphasize the importance of polygons in everyday life.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively and ask clarifying questions if any.
Learning Point: Retain understanding of polygons and their applications.

Lesson Keywords

Polygon – closed plane figure
Vertex – corner point of a polygon
Sides – straight lines forming the polygon
Triangle – 3-sided polygon
Quadrilateral – 4-sided polygon
Construction – accurate drawing using tools

Differentiation

Provide additional visual aids and guided practice for slower learners while challenging advanced learners to construct polygons with more than six sides.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure each pupil has access to drawing tools. Encourage peer collaboration for better understanding. Use real-life objects to illustrate polygons.