فورحلا ىلع ةرسكلاو ةحتفلا for Primary 1

Class: Primary One

Term: First Term

Week: 9

Age: 6 years

Duration: 40 minutes

Subject: Arabic Language

Curriculum Theme: ةيبرعلا تاِرحلا (Arabic Vowels)

Focal competence: قُ طْ ُّنلا اهَ عِ اوَنَْأِب ةِ َّيِبرَ َعلْا تِ اَِ رَ حَ لْاِب (Pronouncing Arabic vowels with their types)

Key competencies/values: ةِ َّيِبرَ َعلْا ةِ َغُّللاِب ُديفِمُ لْا لُ صُ اوَ َّتلا (Effective communication in the Arabic language)

Skills:

• قطنلاو عامتسلاا (Pronunciation and Listening)

Previous Lesson: ١ نم ةيبرعلا ماقرلأاب ةبوتكملا دادعلأا.١٠ ىلإ

Topic: ُ ةرَ سْ كَ لْاوَ ُةحَ ْتَفلْا:ُةرَ يصِ َقلْا تُ اَِ رَ حَ لْا (Fathah and Kasrah: The Short Vowels)

Subject Matter: فورحلا ىلع ةرسكلاو ةحتفلا (Fathah and Kasrah on the letters)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Identify the signs for Fathah (َ ةحَ ْتَفلْا) and Kasrah (َ ةرَ سْ كَ لْا).
• State the sound produced by Fathah and Kasrah.
• Pronounce Arabic letters correctly with Fathah and Kasrah.

Psychomotor Domain

• Read Arabic letters that are marked with Fathah.
• Read Arabic letters that are marked with Kasrah.

Social Domain

• Participate actively in group and individual practice of pronouncing letters with Fathah and Kasrah.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Arabic Language (Primary 1)
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work for Arabic Language
• Approved Primary 1 Arabic Language Textbook

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• ض رْ عَ زُ اهَ جِ (Projector)
• وْ َأ ٌةرَ وَّصَ مُ تٌ اَقاطَ ِب (Illustrated cards)
• م ُّلَعَت تُ اَقاطَ ِب (Learning cards)
• Whiteboard or chalkboard
• Markers or chalk
• Flashcards with individual Arabic letters
• Flashcards with Fathah and Kasrah signs

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because Fathah and Kasrah are fundamental short vowels in Arabic. Mastering them helps pupils correctly pronounce and read Arabic words, which is essential for building a strong foundation in the language and understanding the Quran.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils should be able to recognise and identify individual Arabic letters (حروف الهجاء).

Lesson Content/Board Summary

الحَرَكَاتُ القَصِيرَةُ: الفَتْحَةُ وَالكَسْرَةُ (Fathah and Kasrah)

Short vowels are small marks placed above or below Arabic letters to show short vowel sounds. Fathah and Kasrah are two short vowels.

1. َ ةحَ ْتَفلْا (Fathah)

• What is Fathah? Fathah is a small diagonal line placed *above* an Arabic letter.
• What sound does Fathah make? It makes a short ‘a’ sound, a short a sound.
• How to pronounce letters with Fathah: Fathah gives the letter a short a sound.
• Examples:
  • بَ (ba)
  • تَ (ta)
  • جَ (ja)
  • دَ (da)

2. َ ةرَ سْ كَ لْا (Kasrah)

• What is Kasrah? Kasrah is a small diagonal line placed *below* an Arabic letter.
• What sound does Kasrah make? It makes a short ‘i’ sound, like the ‘i’ in “sit” or “pin”.
• How to pronounce letters with Kasrah: When Kasrah is under a letter, you lower your jaw slightly and make a short ‘i’ sound.
• Examples:
  • بِ (bi)
  • تِ (ti)
  • جِ (ji)
  • دِ (di)

Letters with Fathah and Kasrah

• بَ (ba) – بِ (bi)
• تَ (ta) – تِ (ti)
• ثَ (tha) – ثِ (thi)
• جَ (ja) – جِ (ji)
• حَ (ha) – حِ (hi)
• خَ (kha) – خِ (khi)

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Question and Answer, Explanation, Observation, Individual Practice, Pair Work.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Greet and Review

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils in Arabic (السلام عليكم) and asks them to respond. The teacher then quickly reviews the previous lesson on identifying individual Arabic letters by showing some flashcards and asking pupils to name the letters.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the greeting and identify the Arabic letters shown by the teacher.

Learning Point: Recall of prior knowledge

Step 2: Introduction to Fathah

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation and Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces the topic: “Fathah and Kasrah: The Short Vowels”. The teacher explains what Fathah is, shows its sign (َ) on the board, and demonstrates how it changes the sound of a letter, making a short ‘a’ sound. The teacher pronounces letters like بَ, تَ, جَ slowly and clearly.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, observe the Fathah sign, and repeat the sounds after the teacher individually and in groups.

Learning Point: Fathah sign and sound

Step 3: Guided Practice with Fathah

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher writes more letters with Fathah on the board (e.g., دَ, ذَ, رَ, زَ) and guides pupils to pronounce them. The teacher corrects any mispronunciations.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice pronouncing the letters with Fathah, first as a class, then in pairs, and finally individually.

Learning Point: Correct Fathah pronunciation

Step 4: Introduction to Kasrah

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation and Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces Kasrah, shows its sign (ِ) on the board, and explains that it is placed *below* the letter. The teacher demonstrates how it changes the sound of a letter, making a short ‘i’ sound. The teacher pronounces letters like بِ, تِ, جِ slowly and clearly.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, observe the Kasrah sign, and repeat the sounds after the teacher individually and in groups.

Learning Point: Kasrah sign and sound

Step 5: Guided Practice with Kasrah

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher writes more letters with Kasrah on the board (e.g., دِ, ذِ, رِ, زِ) and guides pupils to pronounce them. The teacher corrects any mispronunciations.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice pronouncing the letters with Kasrah, first as a class, then in pairs, and finally individually.

Learning Point: Correct Kasrah pronunciation

Step 6: Combined Practice and Application

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Application and Reinforcement

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays flashcards with various letters carrying either Fathah or Kasrah (e.g., بَ, بِ, تَ, تِ, جَ, جِ). The teacher asks pupils to pronounce them, paying attention to the vowel sign. The teacher encourages pupils to differentiate between the sounds.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils take turns pronouncing the letters with Fathah and Kasrah, focusing on distinguishing the sounds correctly.

Learning Point: Fathah and Kasrah distinction

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What is the name of the short vowel sign placed above a letter?
2. What sound does Fathah make?
3. What is the name of the short vowel sign placed below a letter?
4. What sound does Kasrah make?
5. Pronounce the letter ب with Fathah and then with Kasrah.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Demonstration of lesson mastery

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarizing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises the lesson by reiterating the importance of Fathah and Kasrah for reading Arabic. The teacher assigns homework, asking pupils to practice pronouncing 5 different letters with Fathah and 5 different letters with Kasrah at home.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy down their homework assignment.

Learning Point: Consolidation of key learning

Lesson Keywords

• ةحَ ْتَفلْا (Fathah) – A short ‘a’ vowel sound, placed above a letter.
• ةرَ سْ كَ لْا (Kasrah) – A short ‘i’ vowel sound, placed below a letter.
• حروف (Huruf) – Letters.
• ةيبرعلا (Al-Arabiyyah) – Arabic.

Differentiation

Support for weaker learners: Provide flashcards with large, clear Arabic letters and vowel signs. Give extra individual attention, guiding them to place their fingers on the vowel sign and then the letter as they pronounce. Use exaggerated mouth movements to demonstrate the sounds. Pair them with stronger learners for peer support.

Extension for faster learners: Challenge them to identify and pronounce letters with Fathah and Kasrah in simple Arabic words (e.g., بَطَ (bata), بِنت (bint)). Ask them to write down letters with both Fathah and Kasrah independently.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For additional visual learning, search on YouTube for: arabic fathah kasrah for kids primary 1

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have a variety of Arabic letter flashcards and separate flashcards for the Fathah and Kasrah signs. If a projector is available, prepare a simple presentation showing the vowel signs and examples. Begin by reviewing letter recognition to ensure pupils have the necessary foundation. Introduce Fathah first, demonstrating its placement above the letter and its ‘a’ sound. Use clear, slow pronunciation and encourage repetition. Provide ample guided practice before moving to Kasrah. Follow the same clear demonstration and practice for Kasrah, emphasizing its placement below the letter and its ‘i’ sound. During combined practice, use flashcards to randomly present letters with either Fathah or Kasrah, prompting pupils to identify the vowel and pronounce the letter correctly. Pay close attention to common errors like confusing the sounds or misplacing the vowel signs. Encourage pupils to listen carefully to their own pronunciation and that of their classmates. The Board Summary can be written on the board during the lesson, allowing pupils to copy it towards the end of the lesson or as homework, reinforcing their learning. For classroom management, ensure all pupils are actively participating by calling on different individuals and encouraging group responses.