First Term Chemistry revision for SS 1

Class: SS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 11
Age: 15 years
Duration: 60 minutes
Subject: Chemistry
Curriculum Theme: Revision
Focal competence: Integration of the term’s curriculum competencies
Key competencies/values: Critical Thinking; Communication
Skills:

• Curriculum skills covered in Weeks 1-10

Previous Lesson: Atomic Structure, Valency,
Topic: Revision and Consolidation
Subject Matter: core term topics, taught skills, common misconceptions, revision exercises

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Recall the key concepts taught during the term.
• Apply the term’s knowledge and skills in written or oral tasks.

Affective Domain

• Engage in critical thinking when solving chemical problems.
• Communicate chemical ideas clearly and accurately.

Psychomotor Domain

• Perform simple practical tasks related to the term’s topics (where applicable).

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 New Revised Senior Secondary Education Curriculum (SSEC)
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• A suitable Chemistry textbook for SS 1
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of work For The New Revised Senior Secondary Education Curriculum (SSEC)

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Class notes and approved textbooks
• Past questions/revision exercises
• Whiteboard/chalkboard
• Markers/chalk

Rationale for the Lesson

This revision lesson is essential for students to consolidate their understanding of the fundamental Chemistry concepts covered throughout the first term. It provides an opportunity to reinforce learned skills, address common misconceptions, and prepare students for upcoming assessments. A strong grasp of these foundational topics is crucial for success in subsequent Chemistry studies.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students should have covered all Chemistry topics for SS 1 First Term (Weeks 1-10) and possess a basic understanding of key chemical concepts.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Revision and Consolidation

1. Introduction to Chemistry

1. Definition of Chemistry: Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter.
2. Branches of Chemistry:
   1. Organic Chemistry: Study of carbon compounds.
   2. Inorganic Chemistry: Study of all elements and their compounds, except carbon compounds.
   3. Physical Chemistry: Study of the physical properties of matter and the relationship between energy and matter.
   4. Analytical Chemistry: Study of the identification, separation, and quantification of chemical components.
   5. Biochemistry: Study of chemical processes within living organisms.
3. Importance of Chemistry: Chemistry is vital in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental protection.

2. Basic Laboratory Operations and Safety

1. Laboratory Apparatus: Examples include test tubes, beakers, conical flasks, measuring cylinders, burettes, pipettes, retort stands, Bunsen burners, funnels.
2. Laboratory Safety Rules:
   1. Always wear safety goggles.
   2. Do not eat, drink, or chew gum in the lab.
   3. Report all accidents, spills, or breakages immediately.
   4. Handle chemicals with care and read labels.
   5. Know the location of safety equipment (fire extinguisher, first aid kit).
   6. Dispose of chemical waste properly.
3. Separation Techniques:
   1. Decantation: Separating immiscible liquids or a liquid from a solid.
   2. Filtration: Separating insoluble solids from liquids using a filter medium.
   3. Evaporation: Separating a soluble solid from a liquid by heating.
   4. Distillation: Separating a liquid from a dissolved solid or separating two miscible liquids with different boiling points.
   5. Chromatography: Separating components of a mixture based on their differential movement through a stationary phase.
   6. Sublimation: Separating a solid that sublimes from one that does not.

3. Nature of Matter

1. States of Matter:
   1. Solids: Have definite shape and volume, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.
   2. Liquids: Have definite volume but no definite shape, particles are close but can move past each other.
   3. Gases: Have no definite shape or volume, particles are far apart and move randomly.
2. Classification of Matter:
   1. Pure Substances:
      1. Elements: Cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means (e.g., Oxygen, Iron).
      2. Compounds: Formed when two or more elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio (e.g., Water, Carbon Dioxide).
   2. Mixtures: Formed when two or more substances are physically combined and can be separated by physical means.
      1. Homogeneous Mixtures: Have uniform composition throughout (e.g., Salt solution, Air).
      2. Heterogeneous Mixtures: Have non-uniform composition, with distinct phases (e.g., Sand and water, Oil and water).

4. Atomic Structure

1. Dalton’s Atomic Theory:
   1. Matter is made of indivisible atoms.
   2. Atoms of the same element are identical.
   3. Atoms of different elements are different.
   4. Atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.
   5. Atoms are rearranged in chemical reactions.
2. Sub-atomic Particles:
   1. Protons: Positively charged particles in the nucleus.
   2. Neutrons: Neutral particles in the nucleus.
   3. Electrons: Negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus.
3. Atomic Number (Z): The number of protons in an atom. It determines the identity of an element.
4. Mass Number (A): The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.
5. Isotopes: Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers (due to different numbers of neutrons). E.g., (^{12}_{6}C) and (^{14}_{6}C).

5. Chemical Bonding and Periodic Table

1. Chemical Bonding: The force that holds atoms together in molecules or compounds.
   1. Ionic Bond: Formed by the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, typically between a metal and a non-metal (e.g., NaCl).
   2. Covalent Bond: Formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms, typically between two non-metals (e.g., H(_2)O).
2. Periodic Table: An arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number.
   1. Groups: Vertical columns (1-18), elements in the same group have similar chemical properties due to the same number of valence electrons.
   2. Periods: Horizontal rows (1-7), elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Question and Answer, Explanation, Guided Practice, Problem Solving

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Activating Prior Knowledge

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and explains that today’s lesson is a revision of key topics covered in the first term. The teacher asks students to recall some of the major topics they have learned.

Pupils’ Activity: Students respond by mentioning topics like “atomic structure,” “states of matter,” and “laboratory safety.”

Learning Point: Term topics recall

Step 2: Review of Introduction to Chemistry

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Questioning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher leads a discussion on the definition of Chemistry, its branches, and its importance in everyday life, asking targeted questions to check understanding. The teacher highlights common misconceptions about the scope of Chemistry.

Pupils’ Activity: Students define Chemistry, list its branches, and discuss its importance, correcting any misconceptions with teacher guidance.

Learning Point: Chemistry fundamentals review

Step 3: Review of Basic Laboratory Operations and Safety

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Discussion/Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher reviews common laboratory apparatus and safety rules. The teacher also discusses various separation techniques, providing examples and asking students to identify the best method for specific mixtures.

Pupils’ Activity: Students identify laboratory apparatus, state safety rules, and explain different separation techniques with examples.

Learning Point: Lab safety and techniques

Step 4: Review of Nature of Matter

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Categorization

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher revises the three states of matter and their properties. The teacher then guides students through the classification of matter into elements, compounds, and mixtures, emphasizing the differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Pupils’ Activity: Students describe the states of matter and classify various substances as elements, compounds, or mixtures.

Learning Point: Matter classification review

Step 5: Review of Atomic Structure

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Concept Reinforcement

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher reviews Dalton’s Atomic Theory, the sub-atomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons), and the concepts of atomic number, mass number, and isotopes. The teacher provides examples for calculation of sub-atomic particles.

Pupils’ Activity: Students recall the components of atomic structure and explain related terms like isotopes, solving simple problems.

Learning Point: Atomic structure concepts

Step 6: Review of Chemical Bonding and Periodic Table

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarization/Comparison

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly revisits ionic and covalent bonding, highlighting their differences. The teacher also reviews the basic structure of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods.

Pupils’ Activity: Students differentiate between ionic and covalent bonds and describe the organization of the Periodic Table.

Learning Point: Bonding and periodicity

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Define Chemistry and mention two of its branches.
2. State three important laboratory safety rules.
3. Differentiate between an element and a compound.
4. An atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Term concepts assessment

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Consolidation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key areas revised, encourages students to continue studying their notes and textbooks, and wishes them success in their upcoming examinations. The teacher also addresses any final questions or misconceptions.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen attentively and ask clarifying questions.

Learning Point: Lesson summary and encouragement

Lesson Keywords

• Chemistry – The study of matter and its properties.
• Matter – Anything that has mass and occupies space.
• Atom – The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element.
• Element – A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom.
• Compound – A pure substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine.
• Mixture – A substance containing two or more substances physically combined.
• Bonding – The force holding atoms together.
• Periodic Table – An organized chart of all known chemical elements.
• Isotope – Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
• Separation – Techniques used to separate components of a mixture.

Differentiation

Support for struggling learners: The teacher will provide simplified revision notes and focus on one-on-one or small-group explanations for challenging concepts. Visual aids and practical examples will be used to make abstract ideas more concrete.
Extension for advanced learners: Advanced students will be challenged with more complex revision questions, requiring deeper analytical thinking. They may also be encouraged to research specific applications of the revised concepts in real-world scenarios or prepare short presentations on a chosen topic.

Suggested Lesson Videos

YouTube search for SS1 Chemistry First Term Revision Nigeria
YouTube search for Basic Chemistry Concepts SS1