Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 11
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Carpentry And Joinery
Curriculum Theme: Entrepreneurship Trade Subjects
Previous Lesson: Paring and Sharpening Tools.
Topic: HAND TOOLS – Holding and Supporting Tools
Subject Matter: types of holding tools, types of supporting tools, uses of holding and supporting tools

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define holding and supporting tools.
List at least four types of holding tools.
State at least three types of supporting tools.
Explain the uses of various holding and supporting tools.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of using appropriate holding and supporting tools in carpentry.
Show interest in identifying and using different hand tools safely.

Psychomotor Domain:

Identify different holding and supporting tools when presented.
Demonstrate the correct way to hold a workpiece using a holding tool.

Work cooperatively with peers during practical identification of tools.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Basic Technology (JSS 1-3) & Senior Secondary Education Curriculum for Trade Subjects (SSS 1-3)
State Unified Scheme of Work for Carpentry and Joinery SSS 1
Carpentry and Joinery for Senior Secondary Schools by E.O. Adekunle
https://www.woodworkweb.com/woodwork-topics/woodworking-tools/holding-and-clamping-tools.html
https://www.thesprucecrafts.com/woodworking-clamps-and-holding-devices-3536848

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Actual examples of hand tools (bench vice, G-clamp, saw horse, bench hook)
Posters showing various holding and supporting tools
Pictures or diagrams of tools and their applications

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because it enables pupils to understand the essential tools used to secure workpieces, which is fundamental for safe and accurate work in carpentry. Learning about these tools helps pupils develop practical skills necessary for various woodworking tasks.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of carpentry hand tools and have identified some basic cutting and measuring tools in previous lessons.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

HAND TOOLS – Holding and Supporting Tools

Holding Tools

Holding tools are used to hold or grip a workpiece firmly in place while it is being worked on. They prevent movement and ensure accuracy and safety.

The following are types of holding tools:

Bench Vice: A heavy-duty tool bolted to a workbench, used for holding wood or metal firmly.
G-Clamp (C-Clamp): A portable clamp shaped like the letter ‘G’, used for holding smaller workpieces to a bench or to each other.
Hand Vice: A small vice held in the hand, used for holding small workpieces for filing, drilling, or other light operations.
Mitre Clamp: Used specifically for holding pieces of wood at a 90-degree angle for joining, especially in picture frames.
Pliers: Hand tools with two jaws and handles, used for gripping, bending, or cutting small objects.

Supporting Tools

Supporting tools are used to provide a stable base or platform for workpieces during various operations, making work easier and safer.

The following are types of supporting tools:

Workbench: A sturdy, purpose-built table where carpentry operations are performed, often incorporating vices.
Saw Horse: A portable frame, typically X-shaped or trestle-shaped, used to support long pieces of wood for sawing.
Bench Hook: A simple wooden device hooked over the edge of a workbench, used to hold small workpieces while sawing or chiselling.
Bench Stop: A metal or wooden peg inserted into holes on a workbench, used to brace a workpiece against for planing.

Uses of Holding and Supporting Tools

The following are the uses of holding and supporting tools:

To secure workpieces for sawing, chiselling, planing, or drilling.
To prevent workpieces from moving during operations, ensuring accuracy.
To hold glued joints together while the adhesive dries.
To provide a stable and safe working surface for various carpentry tasks.
To protect the workpiece from damage by holding it firmly without marring.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to recall some hand tools they learned in previous lessons. The teacher then introduces the topic “HAND TOOLS – Holding and Supporting Tools” and explains that these tools are essential for securing workpieces.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the new lesson and understand its relevance.

Step 2: Explanation of Holding Tools

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines holding tools and explains their purpose. The teacher then lists and shows examples of various holding tools such as the bench vice, G-clamp, hand vice, and mitre clamp, explaining the specific use of each with actual tools or posters.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the tools, and take notes. They may ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what holding tools are and can identify different types.

Step 3: Discussion on Uses of Holding Tools

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher engages pupils in a discussion about why it is important to use holding tools and asks them to state specific uses for the tools demonstrated in Step 2.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils contribute to the discussion, state the uses of holding tools, and answer questions.
Learning Point: Pupils can explain the practical applications and importance of holding tools.

Step 4: Explanation of Supporting Tools

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines supporting tools and explains their function. The teacher then presents and demonstrates supporting tools like the workbench, saw horse, bench hook, and bench stop, explaining how each is used to support workpieces.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils pay attention, observe the tools, and note down key points.
Learning Point: Pupils understand what supporting tools are and can identify different types.

Step 5: Discussion on Uses of Supporting Tools

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher leads a discussion on the importance of supporting tools in carpentry and prompts pupils to explain the uses of the tools discussed.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in the discussion, explaining the uses and benefits of supporting tools.
Learning Point: Pupils can explain the practical applications and importance of supporting tools.

Step 6: Class Activity – Tool Identification

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practical Application
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents a mix of holding and supporting tools (or their pictures/posters) and asks pupils to identify them and state their category (holding or supporting) and a primary use.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify the tools, categorize them, and state their uses.
Learning Point: Pupils reinforce their ability to identify and categorize holding and supporting tools.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

What are holding tools used for in carpentry?
List three types of holding tools.
Mention two examples of supporting tools.
Explain how a bench hook is used.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Assignment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of using the correct tools for safety and efficiency. The teacher then gives an assignment for pupils to draw and label two holding tools and two supporting tools.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the assignment.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their learning and are given a task to reinforce understanding.

Lesson Keywords

Holding Tools – Devices used to secure a workpiece in place.
Supporting Tools – Equipment that provides a stable base or platform for work.
Bench Vice – A heavy tool for gripping work, bolted to a workbench.
G-Clamp – A portable clamp for holding smaller workpieces.
Saw Horse – A frame used to support long timber for sawing.
Bench Hook – A device hooked over a bench to hold small pieces for cutting.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher may ask them to research other types of specialized holding or supporting tools. For pupils needing more support, the teacher will provide additional visual aids and guided practice in identifying the tools.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure that actual tools are available for demonstration, as hands-on experience is vital in carpentry. Emphasize safety precautions when handling and using all tools. Encourage pupils to ask questions and share their observations.