Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SSS 1)
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Carpentry And Joinery
Curriculum Theme: Entrepreneurship Trade Subjects
Previous Lesson: General Workshop Safety and Tool Handling.
Topic: FIRST AID – First Aid Materials in a Workshop
Subject Matter: meaning of first aid, types of first aid materials, uses of first aid materials in workshop

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define first aid.
List at least five types of first aid materials.
State the uses of various first aid materials in a workshop setting.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of having a first aid box in a workshop.
Show willingness to learn how to use basic first aid materials.

Psychomotor Domain:

Identify common first aid materials.
Demonstrate the basic use of one or two first aid materials.

Promote a culture of safety and preparedness in the workshop.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Trade Subjects.
State Unified Scheme of Work for Carpentry and Joinery.
Carpentry and Joinery for Senior Secondary Schools by a relevant author/publisher.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/first-aid

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A complete first aid box
Charts showing different first aid materials and their uses
Pictures of common workshop injuries

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand the immediate steps to take when accidents occur in a workshop. It enables them to recognize and use basic first aid materials, which is important for ensuring safety and preventing minor injuries from becoming serious.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils may have a general understanding of safety measures in a workshop and some basic knowledge of personal hygiene.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

FIRST AID AND FIRST AID MATERIALS IN A WORKSHOP

Meaning of First Aid

First aid refers to the immediate care given to an injured or sick person before professional medical help arrives. It aims to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, and promote recovery.

Types of First Aid Materials

The following are common types of first aid materials found in a workshop:

Gauze: Used to cover wounds and absorb blood.
Cotton Wool: Used for cleaning wounds or applying antiseptics.
Bandages (e.g., crepe, triangular): Used to hold dressings in place, provide support, or control bleeding.
Adhesive Plaster/Band-Aids: Used for covering small cuts and abrasions.
Antiseptic Wipes/Solution (e.g., Dettol, Savlon): Used to clean wounds and prevent infection.
Surgical Spirit/Alcohol Swabs: Used for cleaning skin around wounds before treatment.
Sterile Gloves: Worn to protect the first aider and the injured person from infection.
Pain Relievers (e.g., paracetamol): For mild pain relief (to be administered by a qualified person).
Scissors: For cutting bandages or clothing.
Safety Pins: For securing bandages.
Tweezers: For removing splinters or small debris from wounds.
Thermometer: To measure body temperature.
First Aid Manual: Contains instructions on how to administer first aid for various injuries.

Uses of First Aid Materials in a Workshop

First aid materials are used in a workshop for:

Cleaning and dressing cuts, scrapes, and minor wounds.
Stopping bleeding from minor injuries.
Protecting wounds from infection.
Immobilizing sprains or strains with bandages.
Removing splinters or foreign objects from skin.
Providing temporary relief from pain.
Attending to minor burns (e.g., with cool water or burn gel).

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to mention some common accidents that can occur in a carpentry workshop. The teacher then introduces the topic, “First Aid – First Aid Materials in a Workshop,” explaining its importance for safety.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the questions and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and understand its relevance to workshop safety.

Step 2: Meaning of First Aid

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines first aid and explains its primary goals (preserve life, prevent worsening, promote recovery). The teacher emphasizes that first aid is immediate, temporary care.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, take notes, and ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the meaning and purpose of first aid.

Step 3: Types of First Aid Materials

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Listing/Identification
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays the first aid box and charts. The teacher then lists and shows various first aid materials, asking pupils to identify them where possible. The teacher ensures pupils can recognize each item.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify the materials displayed and note their names.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify common first aid materials.

Step 4: Uses of First Aid Materials

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the specific uses of each first aid material, particularly in the context of a carpentry workshop. The teacher may briefly demonstrate the basic use of a bandage or how to apply an antiseptic wipe.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the demonstration, and ask questions about the uses of the materials.
Learning Point: Pupils understand how to use various first aid materials for different injuries.

Step 5: Class Discussion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Engagement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher facilitates a short discussion, asking pupils about scenarios where specific first aid materials would be needed in the workshop. The teacher encourages pupils to share their thoughts and correct misconceptions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in the discussion, sharing ideas and asking further questions.
Learning Point: Pupils reinforce their understanding through interactive discussion.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define first aid.
Mention five types of first aid materials.
State one use for each of the following: gauze, antiseptic, and bandage.
Why is it important to have a first aid box in a carpentry workshop?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, reiterating the importance of first aid preparedness in the workshop. The teacher assigns homework: “List five potential accidents in a carpentry workshop and suggest which first aid materials would be needed for each.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the homework assignment.
Learning Point: Pupils recall the main concepts and are given an opportunity to apply their knowledge.

Lesson Keywords

First Aid – Immediate care given to an injured or sick person before professional medical help.
Workshop – A place where manual work or industrial processes are carried out.
Antiseptic – A substance that stops or slows down the growth of microorganisms.
Bandage – A strip of material used to bind up a wound or to protect an injured part of the body.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can ask them to research more advanced first aid techniques or common workshop injuries. For pupils requiring more support, the teacher will provide additional visual aids and simplified explanations, focusing on identifying the most common materials and their basic uses.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure that the first aid box used for demonstration is well-stocked and that all materials are clearly visible. Practical demonstration of simple first aid procedures (e.g., bandaging a finger) can greatly enhance learning. Emphasize that severe injuries always require professional medical attention.