Uses of shampoo and conditioner and Basic Ingredients for making shampoo for JSS 1

Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 8
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Beauty and Cosmetology
Curriculum Theme: Hair care practices
Focal competence: Create a basic hair product, such as a shampoo and conditioner
Key competencies/values: Collaboration; Creativity and innovation
Skills:

• Producing shampoo and condition

Previous Lesson: Meaning of shampoo and conditioner and Types of shampoo and conditioner
Topic: Production Of Shampoo And Conditioner: Uses Of Shampoo And Conditioner
Subject Matter: Uses of shampoo and conditioner, Basic Ingredients for making shampoo

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• State the uses of shampoo and conditioner.
• Explain the uses of shampoo and conditioner.
• Identify the basic ingredients for making shampoo.
• Explain what shampoo and conditioner are, and mention common types.

Affective Domain

• Appreciate the importance of using shampoo and conditioner for hair hygiene.
• Collaborate effectively with peers during group activities.

Psychomotor Domain

• Demonstrate the basic identification of shampoo ingredients.
• Participate in creating a simple formulation of shampoo.

Social Domain

• Work cooperatively with peers during brainstorming and practical formulation tasks.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 Revised 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• Cosmetic Formulation: Principles and Practice by: Ernest W. Flick
• Online Resources: Local Production of Shampoo and Conditioner by: SoapMakingEssentials.com
• Video: Local Production of Shampoo and Conditioner by Soap Making Tutorials.
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• 100g of Nitro sol
• Sodium Lauryl Sulfates (S.L.S.) – 150 grams
• Distilled water
• Humectants
• Emollient
• PH adjustment stabilizer
• Functional laptop
• TV set
• Internet access
• Samples of different shampoos and conditioners

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important as it provides students with foundational knowledge about hair care products they use daily. Understanding the uses of shampoo and conditioner helps them make informed choices for hair hygiene, while learning about basic ingredients introduces them to the practical aspects of product formulation, fostering creativity and a deeper appreciation for cosmetology.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students should have basic knowledge of personal hygiene and the importance of cleanliness, especially regarding hair care.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Production Of Shampoo And Conditioner: Uses Of Shampoo And Conditioner

What is Shampoo?

Shampoo is a hair care product, typically in liquid form, used for cleaning the hair and scalp. It works by removing dirt, oil, skin particles, dandruff, and environmental pollutants that gradually accumulate on the hair.

What is Conditioner?

Conditioner is a hair care product used to improve the feel, appearance, and manageability of hair. It is typically applied after shampooing to moisturize, detangle, and protect the hair strands.

Common Types of Shampoo and Conditioner

Shampoos and conditioners come in various types designed for different hair needs, such as:

1. Moisturizing Shampoo/Conditioner: For dry or damaged hair.
2. Volumizing Shampoo/Conditioner: For fine or limp hair.
3. Clarifying Shampoo: To remove product buildup.
4. Anti-dandruff Shampoo: To treat flaky scalp conditions.
5. Colour-safe Shampoo/Conditioner: To protect treated hair colour.

Uses of Shampoo

Shampoo serves several important purposes for hair care:

1. Cleansing: It removes dirt, excess oil (sebum), sweat, dead skin cells, and product buildup from the hair and scalp.
2. Scalp Health: Regular shampooing helps maintain a healthy scalp by preventing conditions like dandruff and itching caused by buildup.
3. Hair Freshness: It leaves hair feeling clean, light, and refreshed.
4. Preparation for Styling: Clean hair is easier to style and allows styling products to work more effectively.
5. Treating Hair Issues: Specialised shampoos can address specific concerns like dandruff, hair loss, or oily scalp.

Uses of Conditioner

Conditioner complements shampoo by providing additional benefits to the hair:

1. Moisturizing: It replenishes moisture in the hair strands, preventing dryness and brittleness.
2. Detangling: Conditioner smooths the hair cuticle, making it easier to comb through and reduce tangles.
3. Shine and Softness: It improves the hair’s texture, making it softer, smoother, and shinier.
4. Protection: It forms a protective layer on the hair, guarding against environmental damage, heat styling, and breakage.
5. Reduces Frizz: By sealing the hair cuticle, conditioner helps to reduce frizz and flyaways.

Basic Ingredients for Making Shampoo and Their Functions

Making shampoo involves combining several ingredients, each with a specific role:

1. Distilled Water: This is the main base or solvent for the shampoo. It ensures purity and prevents contamination from tap water impurities.
2. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) or Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES): These are primary surfactants (cleansing agents) that create lather and remove oil and dirt from the hair.
3. Nitro sol (Thickener): This ingredient is used to increase the viscosity (thickness) of the shampoo, giving it a desirable consistency.
4. Humectants (e.g., Glycerin): These ingredients attract and retain moisture from the air, helping to keep the hair hydrated.
5. Emollients (e.g., Oils, Silicones): These ingredients provide a softening and smoothing effect on the hair, making it feel softer and look shinier.
6. pH Adjustment Stabiliser (e.g., Citric Acid): This is used to adjust the pH level of the shampoo to be suitable for the hair and scalp, typically slightly acidic, to prevent irritation and maintain hair health.
7. Preservatives: These are added in small amounts to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and mould, extending the shelf life of the shampoo.
8. Fragrance/Colour: Added for aesthetic appeal, giving the shampoo a pleasant scent and desired colour.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Question and Answer, Explanation, Observation, Group Work, Practical Activity.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Activating prior knowledge

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and asks them questions about their daily hair care routines and the products they use. The teacher then introduces the topic: “Uses of Shampoo and Conditioner and Basic Ingredients for Making Shampoo.”

Pupils’ Activity: Students respond to questions about hair care and listen attentively to the introduction.

Learning Point: Introduction to hair care products

Step 2: Explanation of Shampoo and Conditioner

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what shampoo and conditioner are, their primary functions, and mentions common types of each. The teacher may show samples of different types of shampoo and conditioner.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen, observe the samples, and ask questions for clarification.

Learning Point: Meaning of shampoo and conditioner

Step 3: Discussion on Uses of Shampoo

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Discussion/Questioning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher leads a discussion on the various uses of shampoo, encouraging students to share their experiences and brainstorm in groups about why they use shampoo. The teacher then summarizes the key uses.

Pupils’ Activity: Students participate in group brainstorming, discuss, and contribute ideas on the uses of shampoo.

Learning Point: Functions of shampoo

Step 4: Discussion on Uses of Conditioner

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Discussion/Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides students to discuss the uses of conditioner, comparing and contrasting its functions with shampoo. The teacher explains how conditioner benefits the hair.

Pupils’ Activity: Students compare and contrast, contributing to the discussion on conditioner uses.

Learning Point: Benefits of conditioner

Step 5: Identification of Basic Shampoo Ingredients

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Identification/Observation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces the basic ingredients for making shampoo (e.g., water, SLS, Nitro sol, humectants, emollients, pH stabiliser). The teacher shows samples of these ingredients where available.

Pupils’ Activity: Students observe the ingredients and identify them as named by the teacher.

Learning Point: Basic shampoo ingredients

Step 6: Explanation of Ingredient Functions

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the specific function of each identified ingredient in the shampoo formulation, clarifying why each is necessary.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen and try to relate each ingredient to its function in shampoo.

Learning Point: Role of shampoo ingredients

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What is shampoo?
2. State two uses of shampoo.
3. What is conditioner?
4. Mention two basic ingredients for making shampoo.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Understanding shampoo and conditioner

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils/students to copy the essential Board Summary notes on the uses of shampoo and conditioner and basic ingredients into their notebooks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils/students copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson information

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Consolidation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly recaps the main points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of proper hair care and the basic components of shampoo and conditioner. The teacher encourages students to pay attention to product labels.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen and ask any final questions.

Learning Point: Summary of lesson

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework/Project

Instruction: Research and observe hair care products at home or in a local store. Answer the following questions:

1. List five different types of shampoo and conditioner you find.
2. For each product, identify its main purpose (e.g., for oily hair, dry hair, anti-dandruff).
3. Try to identify at least one ingredient from the labels that was mentioned in class.
4. Write a short paragraph on why you think it is important to use both shampoo and conditioner.

Lesson Keywords

• Shampoo – A hair care product used for cleaning hair and scalp.
• Conditioner – A hair care product used to moisturize, detangle, and protect hair.
• Surfactant – An ingredient that helps clean by creating lather and removing dirt (e.g., SLS).
• Humectant – An ingredient that attracts and holds moisture.
• Emollient – An ingredient that softens and smooths hair.
• pH Stabiliser – An ingredient used to adjust the acidity or alkalinity of a product.

Differentiation

For slower learners, the teacher will provide simplified definitions and focus on identifying the main uses of shampoo and conditioner. Faster learners can research additional ingredients used in advanced shampoo formulations or explore the environmental impact of certain ingredients.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For further understanding, search on YouTube for: “JSS 1 uses of shampoo and conditioner” or “Basic ingredients for making shampoo for beginners”.

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have samples of different shampoos and conditioners, and if possible, the basic ingredients (water, SLS, Nitro sol) for a visual demonstration. Begin by engaging students with questions about their personal hair care to connect the lesson to their experiences. Clearly explain the definitions and uses of shampoo and conditioner, using the board summary as a guide. When introducing ingredients, show physical samples if available and explain their functions simply. Encourage group discussion for brainstorming uses. For the practical activity mentioned in the curriculum (creating a simple formulation), this lesson focuses on the theoretical identification and understanding of ingredients. A separate practical session with safety guidelines and appropriate supervision would be needed to fully execute the “create a simple formulation” activity. Ensure students copy the Board Summary notes after the main teaching points are covered and understanding is checked through evaluation questions. Provide support to students who struggle with ingredient names or functions, and challenge advanced learners with questions about product formulation variations.