New Curriculum Third Term Livestock Farming examination for JSS 1

Class: JSS 1
Term: Third Term
Subject: Livestock Farming
Time: 2 hours
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. An entrepreneur is someone who ________. (a) only buys goods for private use    (b) only receives wages from a public employer    (c) avoids taking any business decisions    (d) organises resources to start and run a venture
2. Money is commonly used as a ________. (a) measure of temperature    (b) method of germination    (c) medium of exchange    (d) tool for electrical insulation
3. The first sensible step in starting a livestock production enterprise is to ________. (a) purchase expensive equipment without research    (b) identify a need and prepare a practical business plan    (c) hire workers before deciding what to sell    (d) borrow money without calculating costs
4. Marketing includes activities used to ________. (a) record only staff attendance    (b) identify customers and promote appropriate products or services    (c) replace product quality with advertising    (d) avoid calculating prices
5. The main aim of operating a sustainable livestock production business is to ________. (a) meet customer needs while earning enough to continue operating    (b) buy tools without serving customers    (c) avoid recording income and costs    (d) sell goods without considering quality
6. Which function of money allows the prices of goods to be compared? (a) Storage of rainfall    (b) Source of sunlight    (c) Measure of soil texture    (d) Unit of account
7. A business plan should include ________. (a) only the chosen shop colour    (b) only the founder’s age    (c) customers, costs, resources and expected income    (d) only competitors’ slogans
8. Which activity is an example of promotion? (a) Recording a private stock count    (b) Repairing an internal storage shelf    (c) Advertising poultry, rabbit, sheep and goat products to prospective customers    (d) Completing a cashbook entry
9. A business opportunity exists when ________. (a) all potential customers are ignored    (b) a customer need can be met through a product or service    (c) equipment is purchased without a purpose    (d) records are destroyed
10. Which practice demonstrates responsible handling of business money? (a) Separating personal spending from business funds    (b) Spending customer deposits as private gifts    (c) Ignoring unpaid bills    (d) Giving cash away without records
11. Start-up capital refers to ________. (a) profit earned after ten years    (b) only wages paid by customers    (c) an advertisement displayed after opening    (d) money and resources needed to establish a business
12. Why should products be priced carefully? (a) Price should always be below material cost.    (b) Customers must never know the price.    (c) Every product must have the same price.    (d) Price must consider costs and customer expectations.
13. Which behaviour best supports an entrepreneur’s reputation? (a) Changing agreed prices after work    (b) Hiding defects deliberately    (c) Honest dealing with customers    (d) Ignoring reasonable complaints
14. An advantage of saving business income is that it ________. (a) eliminates the cost of all materials    (b) provides funds for later costs and emergencies    (c) guarantees sales during every season    (d) prevents all equipment damage
15. Which purchase is a start-up equipment cost? (a) Acquiring feeders and livestock equipment    (b) Receiving customer payment    (c) Collecting sales income    (d) Refunding a deposit
16. Customer feedback helps a business ________. (a) identify areas for improvement    (b) avoid listening to customers    (c) guarantee identical prices everywhere    (d) eliminate the need to supply goods
17. A suitable response to a small business problem is to ________. (a) discard all business records    (b) stop listening to customer feedback    (c) guess without examining the problem    (d) identify its cause and compare practical solutions
18. The amount received from selling goods or services is called ________. (a) operating loss    (b) loan repayment    (c) sales revenue    (d) stock shortage
19. A feasibility study mainly checks ________. (a) how to skip all safety practices    (b) whether the proposed business is likely to be practical    (c) whether customers can be ignored    (d) how to avoid keeping records
20. Which marketing practice is unethical? (a) Describing the actual product clearly    (b) Making claims known to be false    (c) Displaying an honest price    (d) Giving accurate service information
21. A person who starts a livestock production enterprise is most directly engaging in ________. (a) entrepreneurship    (b) private consumption only    (c) compulsory government service    (d) unpaid examination practice
22. When total business expenses exceed revenue, the business records a ________. (a) profit    (b) surplus    (c) discount    (d) loss
23. A business owner should estimate regular expenses such as ________. (a) customer compliments    (b) finished products already sold    (c) rent and utility bills    (d) available credit sales
24. Which method can support local promotion of poultry, rabbit, sheep and goat products? (a) A private stockroom lock    (b) An unpublished cashbook entry    (c) A clearly written community advertisement    (d) An internal safety checklist
25. A good business decision should consider ________. (a) only the number of tools owned    (b) costs, expected income and customer demand    (c) only a competitor’s shop colour    (d) only the weather on the launch day
26. Which source may provide start-up funding? (a) Personal savings    (b) A blank invoice    (c) An unsigned delivery note    (d) An expired warranty card
27. Which action is safest before buying second-hand business equipment? (a) Pay before asking about faults    (b) Ignore missing accessories    (c) Assume used equipment cannot fail    (d) Inspect and test its condition
28. Market research helps an owner understand ________. (a) the private habits of every pupil    (b) only the owner’s favourite meal    (c) how to avoid all planning    (d) customer needs and competing offers
29. A challenge commonly faced by small businesses in Nigeria is ________. (a) a guarantee of constant electricity    (b) an absence of all competition    (c) limited access to start-up finance    (d) automatic free equipment
30. An agreed bank loan differs from a personal gift because a loan ________. (a) can never involve a written agreement    (b) normally must be repaid    (c) must always be free of interest    (d) is recorded as sales revenue
31. A supplier is a person or business that ________. (a) provides goods or materials to an enterprise    (b) always buys the finished product    (c) must be an employee of the enterprise    (d) keeps every customer payment
32. When a customer complains about a faulty poultry or rabbit products, the best response is to ________. (a) listen, check the issue and propose a fair remedy    (b) ignore all evidence and refuse discussion    (c) blame the customer without inspection    (d) delete the original receipt
33. A business that repeatedly fails to meet customer expectations may lose ________. (a) the need to pay rent    (b) every operating expense    (c) the need for records    (d) patronage and trust
34. A cash balance shows ________. (a) the number of customers without purchases    (b) the estimated equipment lifespan    (c) the money remaining after recorded receipts and payments    (d) the total area of a workroom
35. Which factor helps decide the amount of initial stock to buy? (a) Only the size of the shop sign    (b) Expected demand and available funds    (c) Only the owner’s birthday    (d) The number of old receipts
36. A good product description should provide ________. (a) unverified promises of perfect performance    (b) accurate features and relevant use information    (c) only the shop owner’s nickname    (d) a deliberately misleading photograph
37. Which measure can help an entrepreneur manage competition? (a) Improve quality and customer service    (b) Ignore product defects    (c) Offer misleading information    (d) Refuse to calculate costs
38. What should a trader do before paying for supplies? (a) Pay without checking the quantity    (b) Ignore the terms of sale    (c) Assume all suppliers charge equally    (d) Compare the cost with the available budget
39. A safety plan for a new livestock production business should identify ________. (a) only business slogans    (b) only social media followers    (c) risks, safe procedures and suitable protective equipment    (d) only the owner’s chosen brand name
40. An entrepreneur should assess sales performance by comparing ________. (a) only logo designs    (b) only the number of online likes    (c) sales results with targets and costs    (d) only the calendar date

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer Question 1 and any other TWO questions. Each question carries 10 marks.

1. Entrepreneurship and money
(a) Define entrepreneurship. (2 marks)
(b) State two functions of money. (4 marks)
(c) Explain two qualities of a successful entrepreneur. (4 marks)

2. Bookkeeping and start-up planning
(a) Explain start-up capital. (2 marks)
(b) List four costs to consider when establishing a livestock production business. (4 marks)
(c) Give two reasons for keeping breeding and sales records. (4 marks)

3. Start-up resources and business safety
(a) State three important items in a simple business plan. (6 marks)
(b) Explain two safety or quality measures relevant to poultry, rabbit, sheep and goat products. (4 marks)

4. Marketing and customer care
(a) Define marketing. (2 marks)
(b) State two ways of promoting poultry, rabbit, sheep and goat products. (4 marks)
(c) Explain two reasons for good customer service. (4 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme
Question 1 – ✅ (d) organises resources to start and run a venture
Question 2 – ✅ (c) medium of exchange
Question 3 – ✅ (b) identify a need and prepare a practical business plan
Question 4 – ✅ (b) identify customers and promote appropriate products or services
Question 5 – ✅ (a) meet customer needs while earning enough to continue operating
Question 6 – ✅ (d) Unit of account
Question 7 – ✅ (c) customers, costs, resources and expected income
Question 8 – ✅ (c) Advertising poultry, rabbit, sheep and goat products to prospective customers
Question 9 – ✅ (b) a customer need can be met through a product or service
Question 10 – ✅ (a) Separating personal spending from business funds
Question 11 – ✅ (d) money and resources needed to establish a business
Question 12 – ✅ (d) Price must consider costs and customer expectations.
Question 13 – ✅ (c) Honest dealing with customers
Question 14 – ✅ (b) provides funds for later costs and emergencies
Question 15 – ✅ (a) Acquiring feeders and livestock equipment
Question 16 – ✅ (a) identify areas for improvement
Question 17 – ✅ (d) identify its cause and compare practical solutions
Question 18 – ✅ (c) sales revenue
Question 19 – ✅ (b) whether the proposed business is likely to be practical
Question 20 – ✅ (b) Making claims known to be false
Question 21 – ✅ (a) entrepreneurship
Question 22 – ✅ (d) loss
Question 23 – ✅ (c) rent and utility bills
Question 24 – ✅ (c) A clearly written community advertisement
Question 25 – ✅ (b) costs, expected income and customer demand
Question 26 – ✅ (a) Personal savings
Question 27 – ✅ (d) Inspect and test its condition
Question 28 – ✅ (d) customer needs and competing offers
Question 29 – ✅ (c) limited access to start-up finance
Question 30 – ✅ (b) normally must be repaid
Question 31 – ✅ (a) provides goods or materials to an enterprise
Question 32 – ✅ (a) listen, check the issue and propose a fair remedy
Question 33 – ✅ (d) patronage and trust
Question 34 – ✅ (c) the money remaining after recorded receipts and payments
Question 35 – ✅ (b) Expected demand and available funds
Question 36 – ✅ (b) accurate features and relevant use information
Question 37 – ✅ (a) Improve quality and customer service
Question 38 – ✅ (d) Compare the cost with the available budget
Question 39 – ✅ (c) risks, safe procedures and suitable protective equipment
Question 40 – ✅ (c) sales results with targets and costs

Theory Marking Scheme
Question 1: (a) Entrepreneurship is identifying an opportunity and organising resources to provide goods or services. (b) Money is a medium of exchange and unit of account/store of value. (c) Initiative, honesty, planning and sound judgement; explain any two.
Question 2: (a) Start-up capital is the initial financial/resources requirement of a business. (b) Include equipment, materials/stock, premises, utilities, training, transport and basic promotion as applicable (any four). (c) Breeding records help monitor reproduction and performance; sales records show income and customer transactions.
Question 3: (a) Customers/market, costs, resources/equipment, product/service, location and expected revenue (any three). (b) Accept two relevant, practical risk controls and service quality checks.
Question 4: (a) Marketing means identifying and meeting customers’ needs through products, pricing, distribution and promotion. (b) Local advertising, fair price displays, community referrals or appropriate digital listings (any two). (c) Trust, repeat business, reputation and complaints resolution (any two explained).
Award credit for other correct relevant points within the taught scope; follow the stated subpart marks.