New Curriculum Second Term Beauty and Cosmetology examination for SS 1

Class: SS 1
Term: Second Term
Subject: Beauty and Cosmetology
Time: 2 hours
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all 40 questions. Each question carries 1 mark. Choose the best option (a), (b), (c) or (d).

1. ________ requires the cosmetologist to keep a client's personal information confidential. (a) Equipment depreciation    (b) Salon price display    (c) Product promotion    (d) Professional ethics
2. A salon worker discusses a customer's private condition with other customers. The primary ethical failure is ________. (a) breach of confidentiality    (b) incorrect advertising of a service    (c) absence of advertising    (d) slow stock turnover
3. Which action best combines honesty and professional competence? (a) Claim qualifications the worker does not possess.    (b) Conceal a reaction to a product.    (c) Promise an outcome the service cannot deliver.    (d) Explain the limitations of a service before seeking informed consent.
4. A client asks for a procedure outside the practitioner's training. The most defensible decision: (a) improvise with unlabelled materials    (b) perform it because the client is paying    (c) dismiss all concerns without explanation    (d) explain the limitation and refer to someone competent
5. Which of these is NOT a reliable infection-prevention practice? (a) Reusing disposable materials if they look clean    (b) Proper processing of reusable instruments    (c) Hand hygiene before and after treatment    (d) Separation of clean and contaminated supplies
6. In relation to cosmetology, bacteriology is ________. (a) the classification of business funding sources    (b) the measurement of customer spending    (c) the comparison of skin tones for advertising    (d) the study of bacteria and their relevance to hygiene and infection
7. A worker notices inflamed skin suspected to be infected. What response protects both worker and client? (a) Share towels after perfuming them.    (b) Attempt to drain the condition with salon scissors.    (c) Avoid the affected procedure and recommend suitable assessment.    (d) Cover the area and use the same equipment on others.
8. A shared instrument can carry microorganisms if not properly cleaned. Which is the most effective salon control? (a) Rinse the instrument in the customer's drinking water.    (b) Store used tools together with cleaned ones.    (c) Follow appropriate cleaning and disinfection between users.    (d) Apply more fragrance to the instrument.
9. When a product causes unexpected stinging, the correct step; select the correct procedure: (a) insist discomfort proves the service is effective    (b) stop its use and respond according to safety guidance    (c) apply a second strong product to neutralise it blindly    (d) conceal the reaction until payment is made
10. All of these promote client and practitioner safety except: (a) applying an unknown chemical without reading its label    (b) maintaining a tidy workstation    (c) following relevant protective measures    (d) checking tool cleanliness
11. During a manicure, a trainee drops a cleaned instrument on the dirty floor. What should happen next? (a) Remove it from service until it is properly reprocessed.    (b) Return it to the clean instruments tray unchanged.    (c) Wipe it on the client's clothing.    (d) Use it immediately if no dust is visible.
12. The main reason for seeking a client's consent before a treatment is to ________. (a) make record keeping unnecessary    (b) transfer all safety duties to the client    (c) remove the need to check skin sensitivity    (d) ensure the client understands and agrees to the proposed service
13. A worker uses a clean uniform but handles food and salon tools with dirty hands. Which statement is correct? (a) Clothing alone prevents cross-contamination.    (b) Personal hygiene matters only at closing time.    (c) A clean uniform does not replace appropriate hand hygiene.    (d) Only customers need to wash their hands.
14. A cosmetologist with an uncovered cut on the hand wants to work on a customer. The safest initial decision is to ________. (a) manage the wound appropriately and assess whether service can proceed safely    (b) ignore the cut because hands will be washed later    (c) expose the wound during the procedure    (d) use the customer's towel as a dressing
15. The ________ used for handwashing should not be confused with a surface disinfectant. (a) unlabelled solvent    (b) furniture polish    (c) equipment lubricant    (d) personal hygiene material such as soap
16. Which example best shows that personal hygiene is an ongoing practice? (a) Bathing once a week and relying on perfume    (b) Washing only after a customer complains    (c) Cleaning hands at relevant points throughout the working day    (d) Reusing dirty uniforms as long as they look fashionable
17. Which habit does NOT uphold personal hygiene in professional beauty practice? (a) Cleaning reusable items as required    (b) Maintaining clean hands    (c) Wearing suitably clean work clothes    (d) Keeping long, dirty fingernails while handling clients
18. For personal hygiene rules to be effective in a busy salon, workers should ________. (a) substitute air freshener for cleaning    (b) follow them consistently even during peak service hours    (c) rely on clients to inspect every item    (d) suspend them when the queue becomes long
19. Why must used personal towels be separated from unused towels? (a) To avoid having to wash the towels    (b) To make laundering less frequent    (c) To increase the salon's utility bill    (d) To limit the spread of contamination between customers
20. An employee sneezes into a hand while arranging cleaned tools. Which action is needed before continuing? (a) Perform hand hygiene and protect the clean tools.    (b) Continue immediately because no customer saw it.    (c) Apply extra nail varnish to the hands.    (d) Move the tools closer to the sink without washing.
21. A trained beautician plans to offer a paid manicure service with personal savings. This is an example of ________. (a) a charity grant    (b) entrepreneurship    (c) a household subsidy    (d) compulsory employment
22. The main economic benefit of running a viable small salon is the ability; select the appropriate action: (a) guarantee sales without any client care    (b) avoid budgeting because earnings are daily    (c) eliminate all operating costs    (d) earn income by meeting customer needs sustainably
23. A salon offers ten appointments daily but regularly turns customers away. A responsible entrepreneur should first: (a) promise unlimited appointments without scheduling    (b) examine staff capacity, service quality and costs before expanding    (c) lower hygiene standards to shorten appointments    (d) buy equipment without estimating demand
24. Which of the following best distinguishes entrepreneurship from mere ownership of equipment? (a) Waiting for another person to plan every activity    (b) Purchasing tools for planned future use without yet organising a service    (c) Organising resources and taking calculated risks to supply a service    (d) Buying products for private use only
25. The ________ who improves products and processes inside an existing organisation differs from an independent entrepreneur. (a) intrapreneur    (b) creditor    (c) wholesaler    (d) occasional client
26. A worker has excellent practical ability but cannot calculate service costs. Which entrepreneurial competence should be developed? (a) Hair length measurement only    (b) Uniform selection alone    (c) Basic costing and financial planning    (d) Product knowledge without budgeting skills
27. Which challenge can affect a start-up despite strong customer demand? (a) Maintaining honest client records    (b) Having clearly written service standards    (c) Planning adequate staff training    (d) Limited access to suitable funding and reliable infrastructure
28. A salon has skilled staff but suffers repeated power interruptions. The immediate business risk is ________. (a) disappearance of the need for backup planning    (b) disruption of scheduled services and increased operating costs    (c) guaranteed customer loyalty regardless of delays    (d) automatic improvement of service consistency
29. A customer compares the prices of two services listed in naira. In this transaction, money functions as: (a) a disinfectant for tools    (b) an employer's reference    (c) a unit of account    (d) a hair styling material
30. Before money was commonly used, direct exchange of services for goods was known as: (a) barter    (b) personal saving    (c) invoicing    (d) banking
31. When customers pay for salon services using cash, money chiefly serves as ________. (a) a free source of business capital    (b) a replacement for safety procedures    (c) a medium of exchange    (d) an assurance of business profit
32. Which problem of barter is reduced by using an accepted currency? (a) The risk of product allergy    (b) The need for each trader to want exactly what the other offers    (c) The need to keep service records    (d) The need for equipment maintenance
33. The main reason for separating business savings from daily spending; identify the underlying reason: (a) to make every deposit an immediate profit    (b) to retain funds for future needs and emergencies    (c) to prevent the business from recording expenses    (d) to eliminate the cost of replacing tools
34. A salon receives ₦80,000 in service payments and spends ₦55,000 on business costs. If the owner sets aside ₦15,000, the amount remaining is ________. (a) ₦40,000    (b) ₦25,000    (c) ₦10,000    (d) ₦15,000
35. Which savings method gives the clearest record of deposits for an emerging salon? (a) Loose cash mixed permanently with personal spending    (b) Unrecorded withdrawals from the sales drawer    (c) A dedicated account with transaction records    (d) Giving money to any customer who promises to hold it
36. A worker saves ₦2,500 at the end of each of eight weeks. The total accumulated without interest; calculate the required result: (a) ₦20,000    (b) ₦25,000    (c) ₦22,500    (d) ₦16,000
37. All of these can reduce the amount of start-up funding needed except: (a) comparing equipment prices    (b) purchasing unrelated luxury fittings before basic tools    (c) starting with an affordable service range    (d) using suitable existing equipment safely
38. Which source is primarily personal rather than family funding? (a) The trainee's own accumulated savings    (b) A documented gift from an aunt    (c) A loan from a sibling    (d) A contribution from a parent
39. Before accepting a family loan to buy equipment, the owner; select the appropriate action: (a) spend the money before checking costs    (b) agree clearly on repayment terms and affordability    (c) conceal the arrangement from the lender    (d) assume that no repayment is ever expected
40. A start-up needs ₦150,000. The trainee has saved ₦90,000 and receives ₦30,000 from family. The funding gap is ________. (a) ₦60,000    (b) ₦30,000    (c) ₦120,000    (d) ₦90,000

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer Question 1 and any other TWO questions. Each question carries 10 marks. Answer THREE questions only.

Question 1. A worker discovers that a colleague discusses clients openly and sometimes accepts services beyond their training.
(a) Identify two professional ethical duties. (2 marks)
(b) Analyse two possible harms arising from the colleague's conduct. (4 marks)
(c) Outline two practical workplace controls that a manager should introduce. (4 marks)

Question 2. An unwashed salon instrument is passed between customers after contact with irritated skin.
(a) Define bacteriology in the salon context. (2 marks)
(b) Explain two ways unsafe handling may affect worker and client safety. (4 marks)
(c) Describe two immediate and two longer-term hygiene measures. (4 marks)

Question 3. A trainee plans a home-based manicure enterprise but faces unreliable power supply and weak budgeting skills.
(a) Explain entrepreneurship as used in this example. (2 marks)
(b) Analyse two risks of starting without a practical plan. (4 marks)
(c) Propose two viable improvements to the business plan. (4 marks)

Question 4. A prospective salon owner needs ₦180,000 and has ₦85,000 personal savings and ₦45,000 family support.
(a) Calculate the remaining funding gap. (2 marks)
(b) Explain two benefits of regular savings for this venture. (4 marks)
(c) Compare two safeguards when relying on personal or family financing. (4 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme
Question 1 – ✅ (d) Professional ethics
Question 2 – ✅ (a) breach of confidentiality
Question 3 – ✅ (d) Explain the limitations of a service before seeking informed consent.
Question 4 – ✅ (d) explain the limitation and refer to someone competent
Question 5 – ✅ (a) Reusing disposable materials if they look clean
Question 6 – ✅ (d) the study of bacteria and their relevance to hygiene and infection
Question 7 – ✅ (c) Avoid the affected procedure and recommend suitable assessment.
Question 8 – ✅ (c) Follow appropriate cleaning and disinfection between users.
Question 9 – ✅ (b) stop its use and respond according to safety guidance
Question 10 – ✅ (a) applying an unknown chemical without reading its label
Question 11 – ✅ (a) Remove it from service until it is properly reprocessed.
Question 12 – ✅ (d) ensure the client understands and agrees to the proposed service
Question 13 – ✅ (c) A clean uniform does not replace appropriate hand hygiene.
Question 14 – ✅ (a) manage the wound appropriately and assess whether service can proceed safely
Question 15 – ✅ (d) personal hygiene material such as soap
Question 16 – ✅ (c) Cleaning hands at relevant points throughout the working day
Question 17 – ✅ (d) Keeping long, dirty fingernails while handling clients
Question 18 – ✅ (b) follow them consistently even during peak service hours
Question 19 – ✅ (d) To limit the spread of contamination between customers
Question 20 – ✅ (a) Perform hand hygiene and protect the clean tools.
Question 21 – ✅ (b) entrepreneurship
Question 22 – ✅ (d) earn income by meeting customer needs sustainably
Question 23 – ✅ (b) examine staff capacity, service quality and costs before expanding
Question 24 – ✅ (c) Organising resources and taking calculated risks to supply a service
Question 25 – ✅ (a) intrapreneur
Question 26 – ✅ (c) Basic costing and financial planning
Question 27 – ✅ (d) Limited access to suitable funding and reliable infrastructure
Question 28 – ✅ (b) disruption of scheduled services and increased operating costs
Question 29 – ✅ (c) a unit of account
Question 30 – ✅ (a) barter
Question 31 – ✅ (c) a medium of exchange
Question 32 – ✅ (b) The need for each trader to want exactly what the other offers
Question 33 – ✅ (b) to retain funds for future needs and emergencies
Question 34 – ✅ (c) ₦10,000
Question 35 – ✅ (c) A dedicated account with transaction records
Question 36 – ✅ (a) ₦20,000
Question 37 – ✅ (b) purchasing unrelated luxury fittings before basic tools
Question 38 – ✅ (a) The trainee's own accumulated savings
Question 39 – ✅ (b) agree clearly on repayment terms and affordability
Question 40 – ✅ (b) ₦30,000

Theory Marking Scheme

Question 1
(a) Confidentiality, honesty, competence or informed consent (1+1).
(b) Privacy breach, reputational damage, avoidable harm, loss of trust; any two analysed (2+2).
(c) Confidential records, clear service boundaries, staff training and supervision, complaints procedure; any two explained (2+2).

Question 2
(a) Study of bacteria and their relevance to infection control (2).
(b) Risk of transfer of microorganisms and cross-infection or worsening irritation, with explanations (2+2).
(c) Immediately stop using and reprocess tools, clean hands; maintain routine disinfection, separation, records/training; four valid points (1 each).

Question 3
(a) Organising resources and taking calculated risk to offer a service (2).
(b) Power interruptions and cost/reliability; poor price costing/insufficient cash; any two developed (2+2).
(c) Choose feasible services/tools; budget startup/operating costs; train in accounts; arrange safe backup procedures; any two explained (2+2).

Question 4
(a) ₦180,000 − ₦85,000 − ₦45,000 = ₦50,000 (2).
(b) Reserve for equipment and emergencies; reduced borrowing; cash flow discipline; any two explained (2+2).
(c) Clear repayment understanding for family money; separating personal and business funds/financial records; any two explained (2+2).