Class: Primary One
Term: Third Term
Subject: Basic Science adn Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
Previous Lesson: Uses of Light Energy
Topic: Local Instruments That Produce Sound
Content/Learning Area: What are local musical instruments?, examples Of local Instruments That Produce Sound
Time Allocation: 40 minutes

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Cognitive domain: List at least two local instruments that produce sound.
• Affective Domain: Show thankfulness for local culture and the diversity of musical instruments.
• Psychomotor Domain: Work in groups to list local instruments and discuss their importance in cultural events.
• Social Domain: Participate actively in group discussions about local musical instruments.

Reference Materials

• 9 – years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja educational Resource Center Scheme of Work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• online Data
• Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will use the following materials:

• Pictures of various local musical instruments.
• whiteboard or chart paper.
• Markers.

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding local musical instruments fosters gratitude for cultural heritage and promotes creativity. This lesson lays a foundation for future music appreciation and understanding of cultural diversity.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with different types of sounds they hear in their habitat.

Lesson Content

What are local musical instruments?

Local musical instruments are traditional musical tools made by people within a specific community. They are frequently enough made from materials like wood, metal, or animal skin and are used for music, dancing, and celebrations.

Examples Of Local Instruments That Produce Sound

Many different types of local instruments produce sound, made from various materials. The following are examples:

1. Drums:

– Talking Drum: Made from wood, metal, or animal skin; played by hitting with sticks or hands.
– Bata: A set of Yoruba drums played in religious and cultural ceremonies.- Gangan: A type of drum.
– Udu: A clay pot drum played by tapping or hitting, mostly used in eastern Nigeria.
– Ekwe: A wooden slit drum played by hitting with sticks, used by the Igbo people.- Ikoro: A large wooden drum used for interaction in villages.
– Sakara Drum: A round, shallow drum made from clay and goatskin.
– Bendir: A frame drum used in North African music, frequently enough with snares.
– Ashiko: A cone-shaped drum from West Africa, played with hands.

1. Wind Instruments:

– Flute: A wind instrument made from bamboo or wood; played by blowing air. Examples include the Oja (Igbo flute) and Fulani Flute.
– Kakaki: A long metal trumpet used in northern Nigeria for royal ceremonies.
– Fife: A small flute, often used in processions and ceremonies.
– Algaita: A double reed wind instrument used in Northern Nigeria.
– Horn: Made from animal horns,blown to produce sound for signaling or ceremonies.

1. Percussion Instruments:

– Shekere: Made from a dried gourd covered with beads; played by shaking.
– Mbira (Thumb Piano): A small instrument with metal keys; played by plucking the keys with thumbs.
– Agogo (Gong): A metal instrument struck with a stick.
– Aja: A rattle made from metal rings or nuts, shaken to produce sound.
– Maracas: Shakers made from gourds or plastic filled with beans or beads.
– Claves: A pair of wooden sticks struck together to produce a sharp sound.

1. String Instruments:

– Goje: A traditional string instrument similar to a violin, used by the Hausa people.
– Kalangu: A talking drum shaped like an hourglass, played with sticks.
– kora: A stringed harp-like instrument played by plucking the strings.
– Molo: A plucked lute from Northeastern Nigeria.
– Kontigi: A plucked lute from Northern nigeria.

1. Other Instruments:

– Ogene: A metal gong popular among the Igbo people.
– Gourd Rattle: A rattle made from a dried gourd filled with seeds or pebbles.
– Metal Bells: Small bells attached to clothing or worn on ankles to create rhythmic sounds.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: Discussion, group work, Visual aids

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Asks pupils about sounds they hear, introduces the topic of local instruments.
Pupils’ Activity: Respond to teacher’s questions, listen attentively.

Step 2: Explanation of Key Concepts

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Explains what local musical instruments are,using clear and simple language.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively, ask clarifying questions.

Step 3: Demonstration/Guided Practice

time: 10 minutes
teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Shows pictures of different instruments, describes how they are played and the materials used.
Pupils’ Activity: Observe, listen, and participate in discussions.

Step 4: Autonomous Practice

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Group Work
Teacher’s Activity: Divides pupils into groups to list local instruments they know.
Pupils’ Activity: Work in groups, brainstorm, and share their findings.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Note-Taking
Teacher’s Activity: Guides pupils in summarizing key points on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Copy notes, ask questions for clarification.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Review
Teacher’s Activity: Asks review questions to assess understanding.
Pupils’ Activity: Answer questions, participate in discussions.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: Summarizes the key points of the lesson.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively.

Lesson Keywords

• Local Instruments – Traditional musical tools made within a community.
• Sound – A vibration that travels through the air and can be heard.
• Culture – The customs, arts, and social institutions of a particular group.
• Music – Vocal or instrumental sounds combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion.
• Traditional – Existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established.

lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. Name two local instruments that produce sound.
2. What material is the Shekere made from?
3. Why is it crucial to know about our local instruments?
4. What are some other local instruments you know?
5. How are local instruments used in our culture?

Assignment/Homework

1. Draw and label one local instrument that produces sound.
2. Ask your parents or grandparents about other local instruments they know and write them down.

Differentiation

• For slower learners: Provide one-on-one assistance and use simpler language.
• For advanced learners: Encourage them to research and present information on additional local instruments.
• For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use pictures, play recordings of the instruments, and allow them to handle and play simple instruments.

note for Teachers

Ensure to bring visual aids or real local instruments to class to enhance pupils’ understanding and engagement. Encourage pupils to share their personal experiences with local music and instruments.