Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2 / SSS2)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 9
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Electricity
Curriculum Theme: Electrical Installations
Previous Lesson: Installation of Conduit System: Making Out, Preparing Conduit, Termination and Cable Drawing.
Topic: TRUNKING AND DUCTING
Subject Matter: Meaning of trunking and ducting (definition), types of trunking and ducting, types of trunking and ducting fittings, area of application of trunking and ducting.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define trunking and ducting.
List different types of trunking and ducting.
Identify various trunking and ducting fittings.
State the areas where trunking and ducting are applied.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of proper cable management in electrical installations.
Value the safety aspects provided by using trunking and ducting.

Psychomotor Domain:

Identify actual samples of trunking and ducting.
Distinguish between different types of trunking and ducting fittings.

Participate in discussions about safe wiring practices.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Basic Electricity for Senior Secondary Schools, by A.O. Adelakun.
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2021/07/electrical-trunking-ducting.html
https://www.theengineerspost.com/electrical-trunking/

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Samples of PVC trunking.
Samples of metal trunking.
Various trunking fittings (e.g., bends, tees, couplers).
Diagrams illustrating different types of trunking and ducting.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand important methods of protecting electrical cables and wires in buildings. Knowing about trunking and ducting ensures electrical safety and neatness in installations, which is essential for future electricians and for general home safety.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of electrical wiring and the need for protecting electrical conductors.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

TRUNKING AND DUCTING

Meaning of Trunking and Ducting

Trunking is a system used in electrical installations to enclose and protect electrical cables. It is typically a rectangular or square channel made of PVC or metal, designed to run along walls or ceilings, providing a neat and safe way to route multiple cables.

Ducting refers to larger channels or conduits, often embedded in floors or walls, used for routing a larger number of cables or for more robust protection. It can be made of PVC, metal, or concrete and is commonly used in commercial or industrial settings.

Types of Trunking and Ducting

The following are common types of trunking and ducting:

PVC Trunking: Made from polyvinyl chloride, lightweight, easy to install, resistant to corrosion, and commonly used in domestic and office environments.
Metal Trunking: Made from galvanized steel or aluminum, offers greater mechanical protection and is used in industrial settings or where fire resistance is required.
Floor Trunking: Designed to be installed on or within floors, often with a cover that blends with the floor finish.
Skirting Trunking: Integrated into skirting boards, providing a discreet way to route cables around a room.
Underground Ducting: Large pipes or channels buried underground to protect power and communication cables.
Perforated Trunking: Has holes for ventilation and easy cable branching.

Types of Trunking and Ducting Fittings

The following are common fittings used with trunking and ducting:

Couplers/Connectors: Used to join two lengths of trunking or ducting together.
Flat Bends: Used to change the direction of the trunking by 90 degrees on a flat surface.
Internal/External Bends: Used for corners where the trunking runs along an internal or external wall corner.
Tees: Used when a branch cable needs to be taken off the main run at a 90-degree angle.
Reducers: Used to connect trunking of different sizes.
End Caps: Used to close off the open ends of trunking runs.
Dividers: Used inside trunking to separate different types of cables (e.g., power from data).

Area of Application of Trunking and Ducting

The following are common areas where trunking and ducting are applied:

Residential Buildings: For surface wiring, protecting cables along walls and skirting boards.
Commercial Offices: For routing power, data, and communication cables discreetly.
Industrial Facilities: For robust protection of power cables in factories and workshops.
Hospitals and Laboratories: For managing complex wiring systems while maintaining hygiene and safety.
Data Centers: For organizing vast numbers of network and power cables.
Outdoor Installations: Underground ducting for protecting buried electrical and communication lines.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them how electrical wires are protected in their homes or schools. The teacher then introduces the topic: Trunking and Ducting.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the questions and listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils recall previous knowledge about electrical wiring and are introduced to the lesson topic.

Step 2: Meaning of Trunking and Ducting

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines trunking and ducting, explaining their primary purpose in electrical installations with simple examples.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, take notes, and ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the definitions of trunking and ducting.

Step 3: Types of Trunking and Ducting

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Illustration/Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains different types of trunking and ducting (e.g., PVC, metal, floor, skirting), using diagrams or actual samples if available.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the diagrams/samples, identify the types, and note their characteristics.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify and describe various types of trunking and ducting.

Step 4: Types of Trunking and Ducting Fittings

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays various trunking fittings (e.g., couplers, bends, tees, end caps) and explains their functions and how they are used.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the fittings, ask questions about their usage, and identify them.
Learning Point: Pupils recognize and understand the purpose of common trunking and ducting fittings.

Step 5: Area of Application of Trunking and Ducting

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Discussion
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher describes the various areas where trunking and ducting are applied, such as residential, commercial, and industrial settings.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and contribute examples of where they have seen trunking or ducting used.
Learning Point: Pupils can identify practical applications of trunking and ducting.

Step 6: Practical Demonstration/Visual Aid

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practical Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses the available trunking samples to demonstrate how cables are laid inside and how fittings are connected.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration and ask practical questions.
Learning Point: Pupils gain a practical understanding of how trunking and ducting systems work.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define trunking and ducting.
Mention two types of trunking.
List three common fittings used with trunking.
State two areas where trunking and ducting are applied.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of trunking and ducting for safety and neatness in electrical wiring. The teacher then gives pupils homework to draw and label two types of trunking.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the homework assignment.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their understanding of the lesson.

Lesson Keywords

Trunking – A channel used to enclose and protect electrical cables.
Ducting – Larger channels or conduits for routing multiple cables, often embedded in structures.
Fittings – Accessories like bends, tees, and couplers used to join or change the direction of trunking.
PVC – Polyvinyl chloride, a common material for trunking.
Cable management – The organization and protection of electrical cables.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp concepts quickly, the teacher can challenge them to research specialized trunking systems (e.g., fire-rated trunking). For those needing more support, the teacher will provide additional visual aids and simplified explanations, ensuring they can identify basic types and applications.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure to bring actual samples of different types of trunking and fittings if possible, as visual and tactile learning significantly enhances understanding for this topic. Encourage pupils to share examples from their own observations to make the lesson more relatable. Emphasize the safety aspects of proper cable protection.