Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2 / SSS 2)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 8
Age: 16 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Basic Electricity
Curriculum Theme: Electrical Installation and Maintenance
Previous Lesson: Conduit Fittings: Types, Classification and Application of Conduit Fittings.
Topic: INSTALLATION OF CONDUIT SYSTEM
Subject Matter: Meaning of conduit installation (definition), making out conduit, preparing conduit, termination, fixing, drawing cables into conduit

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define conduit installation.
State the steps involved in making out and preparing conduit.
Explain the process of terminating and fixing conduits.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of proper conduit installation for electrical safety.
Observe safety precautions during conduit installation.

Psychomotor Domain:

Demonstrate how to make out and prepare conduit sections.
Show how to draw cables into a conduit system.

Work cooperatively when performing practical tasks related to conduit installation.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

Senior Secondary Schools Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Basic Electricity for Senior Secondary Schools by E.J. Iwuagwu
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2019/07/conduit-wiring-installation.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABCDEFG1234

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Conduit pipes (PVC and metallic)
Electrical cables
Hacksaw
Measuring tape
Bending spring
Reamer
Fish tape
Screwdrivers
Pliers
Conduit saddles and boxes

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand the procedures for installing electrical conduits. It enables them to appreciate how electrical wiring is protected and safely routed in buildings, which is important for practical applications and safety in electrical work.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of electrical safety, common electrical tools, and different types of electrical wiring systems.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

INSTALLATION OF CONDUIT SYSTEM

Meaning of Conduit Installation

Conduit installation refers to the process of enclosing electrical wires within protective tubing (conduits) to shield them from mechanical damage, moisture, and chemical exposure. This system provides a safe and organized way to route electrical wiring in buildings.

Making Out Conduit

This involves planning and measuring the conduit runs according to the wiring diagram. It includes:

Measuring: Determining the exact lengths of conduit needed between connection points or bends.
Marking: Marking the conduit pipe for cutting and bending points.
Cutting: Using a hacksaw or conduit cutter to cut the conduit to the required length.

Preparing Conduit

After making out, conduits need preparation before installation:

Bending: Using a bending spring (for PVC) or a conduit bender (for metallic) to create required angles without kinking the pipe.
Reaming/Deburring: Removing sharp edges from the inside of cut conduit ends using a reamer to prevent damage to cable insulation during pulling.
Threading (for metallic conduit): Creating threads on the ends of metallic conduits for connecting to fittings.

Termination

Termination involves securing the ends of the conduit system. This includes:

Connecting conduits to junction boxes, switch boxes, or outlet boxes using appropriate fittings like couplers, adaptors, and bushes.
Ensuring all connections are tight and secure to maintain protection and continuity.

Fixing

Fixing refers to mounting the conduit system securely to walls, ceilings, or other surfaces. This is done using:

Saddles: Metal or plastic clips used to hold the conduit firmly in place at regular intervals.
Spacers: Used to maintain a specified distance between the conduit and the mounting surface.
Clamps: Used for heavier conduits or in specific mounting situations.

Drawing Cables into Conduit

This is the process of pulling electrical wires through the installed conduit system. The steps are:

Inserting Fish Tape: A flexible steel or nylon tape (fish tape) is pushed through the conduit from one end to the other until it emerges at the other opening.
Attaching Cables: The electrical cables are securely attached to the end of the fish tape.
Pulling Cables: The fish tape is then pulled back, drawing the cables through the conduit. Lubricants may be used to ease the pulling process, especially for long or complex runs.
Avoid Overfilling: Ensure the conduit is not overfilled with cables, as this can cause overheating and make future maintenance difficult.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them what they understand by electrical wiring and some ways wires are protected in buildings.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by mentioning various wiring methods and protective measures.
Learning Point: Pupils recall previous knowledge and are introduced to the lesson topic.

Step 2: Meaning of Conduit Installation

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of conduit installation, emphasizing its purpose in protecting electrical wiring. The teacher writes the definition on the board.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, ask questions, and copy the definition into their notes.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the fundamental concept of conduit installation.

Step 3: Making Out and Preparing Conduit

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates and explains the steps involved in making out (measuring, cutting) and preparing (bending, reaming) conduits using actual materials.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration, ask questions, and take notes on the procedures.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the practical steps for preparing conduits.

Step 4: Termination and Fixing

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains and demonstrates how to terminate conduits by connecting them to boxes and how to fix them securely to a surface using saddles.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration and note the methods for termination and fixing.
Learning Point: Pupils understand how conduits are connected and mounted.

Step 5: Drawing Cables into Conduit

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Practical Application
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates the process of drawing cables into an installed conduit system using a fish tape and actual cables.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the demonstration carefully and ask clarifying questions.
Learning Point: Pupils learn the technique for pulling cables through conduits.

Step 6: Safety Precautions

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher emphasizes important safety precautions to observe during conduit installation, such as wearing gloves and ensuring power is off.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and note down the safety measures.
Learning Point: Pupils learn to prioritize safety in electrical work.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define conduit installation.
State three steps involved in preparing a conduit.
Explain how cables are drawn into a conduit system.
Mention two reasons why conduits are used in electrical installations.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization/Assignment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson and assigns homework: “List five tools required for conduit installation and state their uses.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy the homework assignment.
Learning Point: The lesson is reinforced, and pupils are given an opportunity for further practice.

Lesson Keywords

Conduit – A tube or trough for protecting electric wires or cables.
Installation – The act of putting something in place or setting it up for use.
Termination – The act of connecting the end of a conduit to a box or fitting.
Fish Tape – A tool used to pull electrical wires through electrical conduit.
Bending Spring – A tool used to bend conduit pipes without kinking them.

Differentiation

For pupils who grasp the concepts quickly, the teacher will encourage them to research different types of conduit materials and their specific applications. For those who need more support, the teacher will provide additional one-on-one guidance during the practical demonstration and simplify explanations.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should ensure that all practical demonstrations are conducted with safety as the utmost priority. Adequate safety gear should be used, and pupils should be warned against handling live electrical parts. Encourage pupils to ask questions and participate actively in the practical sessions.