New Curriculum First Term Fashion Design and Garment Making examination for SS 1

Class: SS 1
Term: First Term
Subject: Fashion Design and Garment Making
Time: 2 hours
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all 40 questions. Each question carries 1 mark. Select the best option (a), (b), (c) or (d).

1. Suppose that a boutique needs someone to analyse customer demand and organise the sale of finished clothes. Which specialist is most relevant? (a) Embroidery technician    (b) Garment merchandiser    (c) Pattern cutter    (d) Alterations machinist
2. Suppose that a dress design requires an expensive imported fabric that is unavailable before the wedding. Which revision best respects the design brief? (a) Cancel all measurements because the fabric changed    (b) Keep the original plan despite an impossible supply date    (c) Use any low-cost fabric irrespective of weight    (d) Select a locally available fabric with comparable drape and suitable cost
3. Consider the following situation: A garment cooperative begins to purchase cloth from nearby traders instead of importing every input. This may strengthen the local economy by ________. (a) increasing demand along the local supply chain    (b) removing all production costs    (c) making quality control unnecessary    (d) guaranteeing every garment will be exported
4. Someone receives an electric shock from a sewing machine and may still be touching a live part. Which step is essential before direct contact? (a) Restart the machine to identify the fault    (b) Pour water over the machine    (c) Pull the person away with bare wet hands    (d) Disconnect the electrical supply if it can be done safely and call for help
5. In this case, a needle guard has been removed from a powered sewing machine. What is the safest immediate response? (a) Increase speed to finish before injury occurs    (b) Stop using the machine until the guard is restored    (c) Place a cloth over the moving needle    (d) Ask the next learner to hold the fabric closer
6. What is the best reason to test a design sketch against the wearer's activities before cutting? (a) A garment with a sketch needs no fitting    (b) The client cannot influence the final design    (c) Sketches completely determine fabric durability    (d) Attractive proportions may still fail functional requirements
7. All of the following can influence why people wear a particular garment EXCEPT ________. (a) the cultural expectation of modesty    (b) the desire to express group membership    (c) the designer's inability to name any fibre    (d) the need for protection from weather
8. Which decision best demonstrates customer-focused garment entrepreneurship? (a) Cut the garment before measuring the client    (b) Clarify fitting requirements, price and delivery date before collecting a deposit    (c) Conceal defects discovered during fitting    (d) Change agreed fabric without discussing it
9. A new garment venture creates jobs and offers repairs that make clothes last longer. The social benefit is best described as ________. (a) employment and useful local service    (b) exclusive dependence on foreign garments    (c) a reason to stop maintaining clothing    (d) loss of all consumer choice
10. Suppose that a student chooses tailoring solely because a neighbour earns well. What important career-planning evidence is still missing? (a) Local demand for only one garment style    (b) The neighbouring tailor's highest monthly income    (c) Their own skills, interests and training requirements    (d) The cost of renting a workshop before acquiring a skill
11. Which strategy is most likely to make garment entrepreneurship sustainable? (a) Promise delivery dates without capacity planning    (b) Avoid recording materials consumed    (c) Maintain quality, keep business records and respond to customer feedback    (d) Replace fitting checks with advertising
12. A very large decorative button overwhelms a child's small jacket. Which principle is most clearly violated? (a) Harmony    (b) Balance    (c) Emphasis    (d) Proportion
13. Consider the following situation: A community workshop trains six apprentices who later start businesses. Which economic benefit is most directly illustrated? (a) Elimination of imported textiles    (b) A guarantee of zero market competition    (c) Skills development and employment generation    (d) Permanent price control by the workshop
14. In this case, a worker burns a finger on a hot iron. Which immediate action is appropriate for a minor thermal burn? (a) Break any blisters with a needle    (b) Cool the area under cool running water and seek help when needed    (c) Rub the skin vigorously with fabric    (d) Apply sewing-machine oil to the burn
15. For pupils walking long distances in hot weather, the most suitable uniform specification is ________. (a) A stiff lined fabric chosen only for appearance    (b) A delicate fabric requiring specialist dry-cleaning    (c) A breathable, washable fabric with ease for movement    (d) A heavy dark fabric with tight underarms
16. Two identical pockets are placed symmetrically on the front of a jacket. Which principle is demonstrated? (a) Contrast    (b) Rhythm    (c) Balance    (d) Emphasis
17. A workshop has trailing cables across a busy cutting area. Which control deals most directly with the hazard? (a) Secure and route cables away from walkways    (b) Rely on staff to step over the cable    (c) Increase the lighting over the exposed cable    (d) Cover the cable with an unsecured length of cloth
18. What evidence best supports a claim that a tailoring business benefits its owner's household? (a) The workshop owns many mannequins but makes no sales    (b) The proprietor displays numerous styles without customers    (c) A sewing machine remains unused in storage    (d) Regular net earnings contribute to education, food or rent
19. Two learners open a garment workshop together. The workshop is the enterprise; organising it and bearing risk describes ________. (a) a textile's texture    (b) a garment's proportion    (c) a sewing-machine fault    (d) entrepreneurship
20. Which change is most justified when adapting an adult garment design for a growing child? (a) Scale only the decorative label    (b) Keep identical body measurements    (c) Revise proportions, fastening access and movement allowance    (d) Replace functional openings with permanent seams
21. An entrepreneur estimates costs before accepting an order instead of promising an unrealistically low price. This demonstrates ________. (a) refusal to serve customers    (b) business judgement and financial discipline    (c) the absence of enterprise risk    (d) dependence on fashion trends alone
22. In this case, a designer considers opening a branch because sales are increasing. Which information should be assessed first? (a) Current orders without assessing staffing capacity    (b) Recent sales without a forecast of running costs    (c) Expected rent without evidence of customer demand    (d) Demand, expected expenses, capacity and available finance
23. Consider the following situation: A designer makes an attractive outfit that restricts arm movement during work. Which judgement is most defensible? (a) The wearer should change tasks instead of adjusting the fit    (b) Appearance alone proves the garment is fit for work    (c) The garment fails to meet its functional purpose despite its appearance    (d) A restricted sleeve is acceptable whenever colours match
24. Scenario: A designer wants the collar to be the main feature of a plain shirt. Which modification provides emphasis without destroying harmony? (a) Enlarge every detail until none dominates    (b) Use a controlled contrast on the collar while repeating a related colour elsewhere    (c) Remove all distinction between collar and body    (d) Use unrelated bold colours on every component
25. A trainee receives a small superficial cut from scissors. What should be done first after making the work area safe? (a) Ignore the injury until the end of the day    (b) Apply basic first aid with clean supplies and report the injury    (c) Place contaminated fabric directly over the wound    (d) Continue cutting with the bleeding hand
26. Which item is designed primarily to deal with a small fire at its early stage, when safe to do so? (a) A tracing wheel    (b) A measuring tape    (c) A thimble    (d) A suitable fire extinguisher
27. Consider the following situation: A designer plans a colour scheme for a uniform used by several school groups. Which initial tool helps compare complementary and related colour choices? (a) A tailor's chalk    (b) A colour wheel    (c) A seam ripper    (d) A bobbin case
28. All the following are sensible workshop precautions EXCEPT ________. (a) cleaning a powered machine while the plug remains connected    (b) keeping scissors closed when not in use    (c) providing adequate task lighting    (d) switching off faulty equipment before inspection
29. If a broad horizontal stripe makes a garment appear wider, the effect is mainly an application of ________. (a) line direction    (b) thread count    (c) stitch length    (d) fabric fibre origin
30. In this case, a dressmaker has original ideas but repeatedly misses collection dates. Which entrepreneurial quality requires improvement? (a) Skill in drawing straight lines    (b) Knowledge of garment purpose    (c) Ability to distinguish colour    (d) Reliability in meeting commitments
31. The ________ element of design is used when diagonal marks guide the eye from shoulder to waist. (a) Volume    (b) Texture    (c) Line    (d) Colour
32. Suppose that a performance costume and a laboratory coat differ mainly in their ________. (a) intended functions and conditions of use    (b) same permitted fabric finishes    (c) identical protective requirements    (d) equal demands for chemical resistance
33. Scenario: A worker's uniform catches repeatedly on machinery. Which design criterion was probably neglected? (a) Colour harmony    (b) Occupational safety    (c) Decorative emphasis    (d) Brand recognition
34. Which action gives the most reliable evidence before committing to a garment-making career? (a) Observe a workplace, practise a task and compare training routes    (b) Choose whichever job has the shortest title    (c) Assume every garment career uses the same skills    (d) Purchase equipment without trying it
35. Scenario: A tailor sells 15 school shirts at ₦6,000 each and incurs ₦66,000 in total costs. What is the operating surplus before other charges? (a) ₦24,000    (b) ₦15,000    (c) ₦66,000    (d) ₦90,000
36. ________ is the garment-production career specialising in accurate pattern templates for cutting. (a) Textile merchandising    (b) Pattern making    (c) Ready-to-wear retailing    (d) Industrial machine operation
37. Scenario: A shop earns ₦160,000 in sales but spends ₦145,000 on fabric, labour and overheads. Which conclusion is supported? (a) The ₦15,000 surplus is small enough that costs should be monitored closely    (b) Revenue and profit are necessarily identical    (c) The business has a ₦305,000 profit    (d) No cost reduction can improve results
38. In this case, a client requests an outdoor work garment for the rainy season. Which combination of design factors deserves priority? (a) Weather protection, freedom of movement and fabric performance    (b) Lowest thread cost without regard to safety    (c) Decorative trims, regardless of fastening strength    (d) Fashion trend alone, regardless of weather
39. Consider the following situation: A learner twists an ankle while carrying materials. Which response is preferable? (a) Apply high heat immediately to the injury    (b) Force the learner to continue walking to test strength    (c) Attempt to straighten the joint by pulling    (d) Stop the activity, support the limb and obtain appropriate first-aid assessment
40. Two cloth samples look alike in colour but one feels coarse against skin. Which element differentiates them? (a) Scale    (b) Shape    (c) Texture    (d) Line

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer Question 1 and any other TWO questions. Each question carries 10 marks. Show workings where applicable.

Question 1 (10 marks). A cooperative is commissioned to make uniforms for learners in a hot climate. Refer to Figure 1 where relevant. (a) Explain FIVE considerations that should guide the garment design. (5 marks) (b) Describe FIVE ways to assess whether the finished uniform is fit for its intended use. (5 marks)

Question 2 (10 marks). A designer plans a garment that has a focal collar, repeated trim and a balanced front. (a) Explain FIVE relevant elements or principles of design and their effects. (5 marks) (b) Describe FIVE constraints that might require modifying the original sketch before production. (5 marks)

Question 3 (10 marks). A learner wishes to set up a small alterations business. (a) Distinguish entrepreneur, entrepreneurship and enterprise, and state TWO entrepreneurial qualities. (5 marks) (b) Explain FIVE economic or social benefits that responsible garment businesses can provide. (5 marks)

Question 4 (10 marks). A powered sewing machine has an exposed needle guard, loose cable and nearby hot iron. (a) Identify FIVE hazards and preventive controls from this scenario. (5 marks) (b) Explain safe initial response to a minor cut, a thermal burn and a suspected electric shock. (5 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme
Question 1 – ✅ (b) Garment merchandiser
Question 2 – ✅ (d) Select a locally available fabric with comparable drape and suitable cost
Question 3 – ✅ (a) increasing demand along the local supply chain
Question 4 – ✅ (d) Disconnect the electrical supply if it can be done safely and call for help
Question 5 – ✅ (b) Stop using the machine until the guard is restored
Question 6 – ✅ (d) Attractive proportions may still fail functional requirements
Question 7 – ✅ (c) the designer's inability to name any fibre
Question 8 – ✅ (b) Clarify fitting requirements, price and delivery date before collecting a deposit
Question 9 – ✅ (a) employment and useful local service
Question 10 – ✅ (c) Their own skills, interests and training requirements
Question 11 – ✅ (c) Maintain quality, keep business records and respond to customer feedback
Question 12 – ✅ (d) Proportion
Question 13 – ✅ (c) Skills development and employment generation
Question 14 – ✅ (b) Cool the area under cool running water and seek help when needed
Question 15 – ✅ (c) A breathable, washable fabric with ease for movement
Question 16 – ✅ (c) Balance
Question 17 – ✅ (a) Secure and route cables away from walkways
Question 18 – ✅ (d) Regular net earnings contribute to education, food or rent
Question 19 – ✅ (d) entrepreneurship
Question 20 – ✅ (c) Revise proportions, fastening access and movement allowance
Question 21 – ✅ (b) business judgement and financial discipline
Question 22 – ✅ (d) Demand, expected expenses, capacity and available finance
Question 23 – ✅ (c) The garment fails to meet its functional purpose despite its appearance
Question 24 – ✅ (b) Use a controlled contrast on the collar while repeating a related colour elsewhere
Question 25 – ✅ (b) Apply basic first aid with clean supplies and report the injury
Question 26 – ✅ (d) A suitable fire extinguisher
Question 27 – ✅ (b) A colour wheel
Question 28 – ✅ (a) cleaning a powered machine while the plug remains connected
Question 29 – ✅ (a) line direction
Question 30 – ✅ (d) Reliability in meeting commitments
Question 31 – ✅ (c) Line
Question 32 – ✅ (a) intended functions and conditions of use
Question 33 – ✅ (b) Occupational safety
Question 34 – ✅ (a) Observe a workplace, practise a task and compare training routes
Question 35 – ✅ (a) ₦24,000
Question 36 – ✅ (b) Pattern making
Question 37 – ✅ (a) The ₦15,000 surplus is small enough that costs should be monitored closely
Question 38 – ✅ (a) Weather protection, freedom of movement and fabric performance
Question 39 – ✅ (d) Stop the activity, support the limb and obtain appropriate first-aid assessment
Question 40 – ✅ (c) Texture

Theory Marking Scheme
Question 1 (10 marks)
(a) fabric breathability, washability, cost, comfort/ease, durability, modesty or school requirements, each valid explained factor 1 mark (max 5).
(b) fit/movement test, seam quality check, fabric/care check, client feedback, accurate sizes, heat comfort and suitable closures, each valid explained assessment 1 mark (max 5)

Question 2 (10 marks)
(a) emphasis, balance, proportion, harmony, rhythm, line, colour or texture explained contextually, 1 each (max 5).
(b) weather, client activity, available fabric, cost, cultural need, sizes and safe use, each relevant constraint and effect 1 (max 5)

Question 3 (10 marks)
(a) entrepreneur person (1), entrepreneurship process/risk (1), enterprise business undertaking (1), two suitable qualities e.g. reliability and creativity (1+1).
(b) employment, skill training, household income, local production, supply chains, repair sustainability or tax contribution, each explained 1 (max 5)

Question 4 (10 marks)
(a) identify exposed needle and restore guard, cable trip/electrical risk and secure/repair, hot iron burn and safe stand, power isolation, workspace clear; five precise hazard-control elements 1 each.
(b) cut: make safe and clean/cover (2), burn: cool under cool running water (1), shock: isolate supply without bare contact and call for help (2)