Entrepreneurship in Tourism and Cottage Industries for SS 3

Class: SSS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 17 years
Duration: 60 minutes
Subject: Tourism
Curriculum Theme: Entrepreneurship
Previous Lesson: Tourism Fairs, Exhibitions and E-Tourism Services
Topic: Entrepreneurship in tourism
Subject Matter: meaning of entrepreneurship in tourism cottage industries leather work ceramics and pottery

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Define entrepreneurship in the context of tourism.
• Explain the meaning of cottage industries.
• Identify various cottage industries relevant to tourism.
• List products made from leatherwork, ceramics, and pottery.

Affective Domain

• Appreciate the role of local crafts in promoting tourism.
• Value the entrepreneurial spirit in developing tourism products.

Psychomotor Domain

• Categorise different tourism products based on their cottage industry origin.
• Sketch simple examples of products from leatherwork, ceramics, or pottery.

Social Domain

• Discuss the economic benefits of cottage industries to local communities.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2014 Senior Secondary Education Curriculum (SSEC)
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• FCT ERC/NAPPS Scheme of work
• A suitable Senior Secondary Tourism textbook

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Samples of items produced from cottage industries (e.g., leather bags, ceramic plates, pottery vases).
• Pictures or charts illustrating different cottage industries and their products.
• Whiteboard and markers.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important because it connects the theoretical concept of entrepreneurship with practical applications in the tourism sector, particularly through local craft industries. Understanding these links helps students appreciate how local resources and skills contribute to economic development and cultural preservation. It also encourages them to consider entrepreneurial opportunities within their communities.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students should have a basic understanding of what tourism is and some general knowledge about business concepts.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Entrepreneurship in Tourism and Cottage Industries

Meaning of Entrepreneurship in Tourism

Entrepreneurship generally refers to the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit. In tourism, entrepreneurship involves identifying opportunities within the travel and hospitality sector and creating new ventures or improving existing ones to meet the needs of tourists.

This can include:

1. Developing new tourist attractions or experiences.
2. Establishing accommodation facilities like hotels, guesthouses, or resorts.
3. Creating tour operating businesses.
4. Producing and selling local crafts and souvenirs to tourists.
5. Providing specialised services such as transport, guiding, or event management for tourists.

Meaning of Cottage Industries

Cottage industries are small-scale, decentralised manufacturing businesses, often operated from homes or small workshops, typically employing family members or a small number of local workers. They usually involve traditional skills and craftsmanship, producing goods by hand or with simple machinery.

Key characteristics of cottage industries:

1. Small Scale: Limited production volume and investment.
2. Home-based: Often operated from the entrepreneur’s home or a small local workshop.
3. Traditional Skills: Rely on traditional craftsmanship and manual labour.
4. Local Resources: Often use locally sourced raw materials.
5. Labour-intensive: Involve significant human effort rather than large machinery.
6. Cultural Significance: Products often reflect local culture, traditions, and artistry.

In tourism, cottage industries play a crucial role by providing unique, authentic products that serve as souvenirs, gifts, and cultural representations, enhancing the tourist experience and providing income for local communities.

Leatherwork as a Cottage Industry

Leatherwork is the craft of making articles from leather. This involves processes like cutting, shaping, dyeing, and stitching leather to create various products. In Nigeria, leatherwork is a significant cottage industry, particularly in regions known for animal husbandry.

Products from leatherwork that appeal to tourists include:

1. Bags (handbags, travel bags, wallets)
2. Belts
3. Sandals and shoes
4. Key holders
5. Pouches and cases for phones or glasses
6. Decorative items (e.g., wall hangings, small sculptures)
7. Traditional attire accessories

Ceramics as a Cottage Industry

Ceramics refers to objects made from clay and other raw materials, hardened by heat. The process involves shaping clay, drying it, and then firing it in a kiln at high temperatures. Ceramic products can be glazed for aesthetic appeal and durability.

Products from ceramics that are popular with tourists include:

1. Decorative plates and bowls
2. Vases and flower pots
3. Figurines and sculptures
4. Mugs and cups
5. Tiles with traditional designs
6. Jewellery (e.g., beads, pendants)
7. Souvenir items depicting local landmarks or culture

Pottery as a Cottage Industry

Pottery is a specific type of ceramic art that focuses on making pots and other functional or decorative objects from clay. It is one of the oldest forms of human craftsmanship. Pottery often involves hand-building techniques or using a potter’s wheel.

Products from pottery that attract tourists include:

1. Traditional cooking pots and utensils
2. Water storage jars
3. Decorative vases and urns
4. Ashtrays and candle holders
5. Small sculptures and figurines
6. Beads and other adornments
7. Souvenir items reflecting local traditions and utility

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Explanation, Question and Answer, Demonstration, Visual Aids, Group Work

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engaging/Recalling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and asks them to recall what they understand by “entrepreneurship” and “tourism”. The teacher then introduces the topic by linking entrepreneurship to creating unique experiences and products for tourists.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and listen attentively to the introduction.

Learning Point: Entrepreneurship and tourism linkage

Step 2: Meaning of Entrepreneurship in Tourism

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Definition

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines entrepreneurship generally and then explains its specific meaning and application within the tourism sector, giving examples of entrepreneurial activities in tourism.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, ask questions for clarification, and note down key points.

Learning Point: Tourism entrepreneurship defined

Step 3: Meaning of Cottage Industries

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what cottage industries are, highlighting their characteristics such as small scale, home-based operations, and reliance on traditional skills. The teacher uses examples to make the concept clear.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and contribute examples of cottage industries they know.

Learning Point: Cottage industries explained

Step 4: Leatherwork as a Cottage Industry

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Discussion

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces leatherwork, showing samples or pictures of leather products. The teacher explains how leatherwork functions as a cottage industry and lists common products that appeal to tourists.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the samples, identify leather products, and discuss their uses.

Learning Point: Leatherwork products identified

Step 5: Ceramics as a Cottage Industry

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Visualisation/Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains ceramics, showing samples or pictures of ceramic items. The teacher describes the process and types of products made from ceramics that are relevant to tourism.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils examine the ceramic samples and discuss their observations.

Learning Point: Ceramic products identified

Step 6: Pottery as a Cottage Industry

Time: 7 minutes

Teaching Skill: Comparison/Elaboration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher focuses on pottery, distinguishing it slightly from general ceramics if necessary, and shows examples of pottery items. The teacher discusses its cultural significance and lists typical pottery products for tourists.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe pottery samples and differentiate them from other ceramic items.

Learning Point: Pottery products identified

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What is entrepreneurship in tourism?
2. Define cottage industries.
3. Mention two characteristics of a cottage industry.
4. List three products from leatherwork.
5. Name two products each from ceramics and pottery.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Understanding entrepreneurship and crafts

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils/students to copy the essential Board Summary notes on entrepreneurship in tourism and cottage industries into their notebooks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils/students copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson content

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarising

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly summarises the importance of entrepreneurship in developing tourism through local cottage industries and encourages students to appreciate local crafts.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and ask any final questions.

Learning Point: Consolidating lesson understanding

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework/Further Reading

Instruction: Research and write a short essay (not more than one page) on a specific cottage industry in your local community. In your essay, include:

1. The name of the cottage industry.
2. The types of products it creates.
3. How these products could attract tourists.
4. The benefits of this industry to the local economy.

Lesson Keywords

• Entrepreneurship – The activity of setting up a business, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
• Tourism – The activity of travelling to and staying in places outside one’s usual environment for leisure, business, or other purposes.
• Cottage Industries – Small-scale, home-based manufacturing businesses often using traditional skills.
• Leatherwork – The craft of making articles from leather.
• Ceramics – Objects made from clay and other raw materials, hardened by heat.
• Pottery – The art of making pots and other objects from clay, often by hand or on a wheel.

Differentiation

For students who grasp the concepts quickly, encourage them to research specific entrepreneurs in Nigerian tourism and their contributions. For students needing more support, provide simplified definitions and additional visual aids, focusing on identifying products from each industry.

Suggested Lesson Videos

YouTube search: entrepreneurship in tourism nigeria ss3